Madinan sura
Encyclopedia
The Medinan suras or Medinan chapters of the Qur'an
are those later sura
s which, according to Islam
ic tradition, were revealed at Medina
, after Muhammad
's hijra
from Mecca
. These suras appeared when the Muslim
s were in larger numbers, rather than being an oppressed minority as in Mecca.
They are mostly placed at the beginning of the Qur'an
, and typically have more and longer ayat. In accordance with the new situation of the Muslims, these suras more often deal with details of legislation
, and every sura which deals with issues of warfare is Medinan, beginning with surat al-Baqara
. The surahs revealed at Medina at a later period in the career of the Prophet are concerned for the most part with social legislation and the political and moral principles for constituting and ordering the community.There are 28 medinan suras in the Qur'an
.
The division of surahs into 'Meccan sura
hs' and 'Medinan surahs' is primarily a consequence of stylistic and thematic considerations. Classification of the surahs into these periods is based upon factors such as the length of the verse and the presence or absence of certain key concepts or word (e.g. al-Rahman
as name of God).
Qur'an
The Quran , also transliterated Qur'an, Koran, Alcoran, Qur’ān, Coran, Kuran, and al-Qur’ān, is the central religious text of Islam, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God . It is regarded widely as the finest piece of literature in the Arabic language...
are those later sura
Sura
A sura is a division of the Qur'an, often referred to as a chapter. The term chapter is sometimes avoided, as the suras are of unequal length; the shortest sura has only three ayat while the longest contains 286 ayat...
s which, according to Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
ic tradition, were revealed at Medina
Medina
Medina , or ; also transliterated as Madinah, or madinat al-nabi "the city of the prophet") is a city in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia, and serves as the capital of the Al Madinah Province. It is the second holiest city in Islam, and the burial place of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad, and...
, after Muhammad
Muhammad
Muhammad |ligature]] at U+FDF4 ;Arabic pronunciation varies regionally; the first vowel ranges from ~~; the second and the last vowel: ~~~. There are dialects which have no stress. In Egypt, it is pronounced not in religious contexts...
's hijra
Hijra (Islam)
The Hijra is the migration or journey of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina in 622 CE. Alternate spellings of this Arabic word are Hijrah, Hijrat or Hegira, the latter following the spelling rules of Latin.- Hijra of Muhammad :In September 622, warned of a plot to...
from Mecca
Mecca
Mecca is a city in the Hijaz and the capital of Makkah province in Saudi Arabia. The city is located inland from Jeddah in a narrow valley at a height of above sea level...
. These suras appeared when the Muslim
Muslim
A Muslim, also spelled Moslem, is an adherent of Islam, a monotheistic, Abrahamic religion based on the Quran, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God as revealed to prophet Muhammad. "Muslim" is the Arabic term for "submitter" .Muslims believe that God is one and incomparable...
s were in larger numbers, rather than being an oppressed minority as in Mecca.
They are mostly placed at the beginning of the Qur'an
Qur'an
The Quran , also transliterated Qur'an, Koran, Alcoran, Qur’ān, Coran, Kuran, and al-Qur’ān, is the central religious text of Islam, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God . It is regarded widely as the finest piece of literature in the Arabic language...
, and typically have more and longer ayat. In accordance with the new situation of the Muslims, these suras more often deal with details of legislation
Legislation
Legislation is law which has been promulgated by a legislature or other governing body, or the process of making it...
, and every sura which deals with issues of warfare is Medinan, beginning with surat al-Baqara
Al-Baqara
Sura al-Baqarah is the second and longest chapter of the Qur'an. It is a Medinan sura and comprises 286 verses, including the single longest verse in the Qur'an...
. The surahs revealed at Medina at a later period in the career of the Prophet are concerned for the most part with social legislation and the political and moral principles for constituting and ordering the community.There are 28 medinan suras in the Qur'an
Qur'an
The Quran , also transliterated Qur'an, Koran, Alcoran, Qur’ān, Coran, Kuran, and al-Qur’ān, is the central religious text of Islam, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God . It is regarded widely as the finest piece of literature in the Arabic language...
.
The division of surahs into 'Meccan sura
Meccan sura
The Meccan suras are the chronologically earlier suras of the Qur'an that were, according to Islamic tradition, revealed anytime before the Hijrah . The other type of sura is the Madinan sura....
hs' and 'Medinan surahs' is primarily a consequence of stylistic and thematic considerations. Classification of the surahs into these periods is based upon factors such as the length of the verse and the presence or absence of certain key concepts or word (e.g. al-Rahman
Rahman (Islamic term)
Rahman is the Arabic word for merciful. In Islamic context, Ar-Rahman has been interpreted as meaning most merciful, all-merciful, merciful by his very nature, beneficent, mercy giving and refers to Allah.- External links :**...
as name of God).