Mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 1 is a protein

Protein

Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...

 that in humans is encoded by the MED1 gene

Gene

A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...

.

Function

The activation of gene transcription is a multistep process that is triggered by factors that recognize transcriptional enhancer sites in DNA

DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms . The DNA segments that carry this genetic information are called genes, but other DNA sequences have structural purposes, or are involved in...

. These factors work with co-activators to direct transcriptional initiation by the RNA polymerase II

RNA polymerase II

RNA polymerase II is an enzyme found in eukaryotic cells. It catalyzes the transcription of DNA to synthesize precursors of mRNA and most snRNA and microRNA. A 550 kDa complex of 12 subunits, RNAP II is the most studied type of RNA polymerase...

 apparatus. The mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 1 protein is a subunit of the CRSP (cofactor required for SP1 activation) complex, which, along with TFIID

Transcription Factor II D

RNA polymerase II holoenzyme is a form of eukaryotic RNA polymerase II that is recruited to the promoters of protein-coding genes in living cells. It consists of RNA polymerase II, a subset of general transcription factors, and regulatory proteins known as SRB proteins...

, is required for efficient activation by SP1. This protein is also a component of other multisubunit complexes [e.g., thyroid hormone receptor

Thyroid hormone receptor

The thyroid hormone receptor is a type of nuclear receptor that is activated by binding thyroid hormone.-Function:Amongst the most important functions of thyroid hormone receptors are regulation of metabolism and heart rate...

-(TR-) associated proteins that interact with TR and facilitate TR function on DNA templates in conjunction with initiation factors and cofactors]. It also regulates p53

P53

p53 , is a tumor suppressor protein that in humans is encoded by the TP53 gene. p53 is crucial in multicellular organisms, where it regulates the cell cycle and, thus, functions as a tumor suppressor that is involved in preventing cancer...

-dependent apoptosis

Apoptosis

Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death that may occur in multicellular organisms. Biochemical events lead to characteristic cell changes and death. These changes include blebbing, cell shrinkage, nuclear fragmentation, chromatin condensation, and chromosomal DNA fragmentation...

 and it is essential for adipogenesis

Adipogenesis

Adipogenesis is the process of cell differentiation by which preadipocytes become adipocytes.. Adipogenesishas been one of the most intensively studied model of cellular differentiation.-References:...

. This protein is known to have the ability to self-oligomerize.

Interactions

MED1 has been shown to interact

Protein-protein interaction

Protein–protein interactions occur when two or more proteins bind together, often to carry out their biological function. Many of the most important molecular processes in the cell such as DNA replication are carried out by large molecular machines that are built from a large number of protein...

 with Thyroid hormone receptor alpha

Thyroid hormone receptor alpha

Thyroid hormone receptor alpha also known as nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group A, member 1 , is a nuclear receptor protein that in humans is encoded by the THRA gene.- Function :...

, Androgen receptor

Androgen receptor

The androgen receptor , also known as NR3C4 , is a type of nuclear receptor that is activated by binding of either of the androgenic hormones testosterone or dihydrotestosterone in the cytoplasm and then translocating into the nucleus...

, Cyclin-dependent kinase 8

Cyclin-dependent kinase 8

Cell division protein kinase 8 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CDK8 gene.-Interactions:Cyclin-dependent kinase 8 has been shown to interact with MED16, MED26, MED17, MED14, CREB binding protein, MED1, MED6, MED24, CCNC, POLR2A, MED21, SMARCB1, MED12 and CRSP3....

, Glucocorticoid receptor

Glucocorticoid receptor

The glucocorticoid receptor also known as NR3C1 is the receptor to which cortisol and other glucocorticoids bind....

, BRCA1

BRCA1

BRCA1 is a human caretaker gene that produces a protein called breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein, responsible for repairing DNA. The first evidence for the existence of the gene was provided by the King laboratory at UC Berkeley in 1990...

, Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha also known as NR2A1 is a nuclear receptor that in humans is encoded by the HNF4A gene.- Function :...

, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma , also known as the glitazone receptor, or NR1C3 is a type II nuclear receptor that in humans is encoded by the PPARG gene.Two isoforms of PPARG are detected in the human and in the mouse: PPAR-γ1 and...

, PPARGC1A

PPARGC1A

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PPARGC1A gene....

, P53

P53

p53 , is a tumor suppressor protein that in humans is encoded by the TP53 gene. p53 is crucial in multicellular organisms, where it regulates the cell cycle and, thus, functions as a tumor suppressor that is involved in preventing cancer...

, Estrogen receptor alpha

Estrogen receptor alpha

Estrogen receptor alpha , also known as NR3A1 , is a nuclear receptor that is activated by the sex hormone estrogen...

, TGS1

TGS1

Trimethylguanosine synthase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TGS1 gene.-Interactions:TGS1 has been shown to interact with NCOA6, MED1, EP300, CREB-binding protein and EED.-Further reading:...

 and Calcitriol receptor

Calcitriol receptor

The calcitriol receptor, also known as the vitamin D receptor and also known as NR1I1 , is a member of the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors...

.

Further reading