MAP kinase kinase kinase
Encyclopedia
MAP kinase kinase kinase (or MAP3K or MEKK) is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase
which acts upon MAP kinase kinase.
In humans there are at least 19 genes:
Perhaps the best characterized MAP3K are the members of the oncogenic RAF family (RAF1, BRAF, ARAF), which are effectors of mitogenic ras signaling and which activate the ERK1/2 (MAPK3/MAPK1) pathway
, through activation of MEK1(MAP2K1) and MEK2(MAP2K2).
MEKK1 activates MAPK8/JNK
by phosphorylation of its activator SEK1(MAP2K4
).
MAP3K3
directly regulates the MAPK8/JNK
and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) pathways
by activating SEK and MEK1/2 respectively; it does not regulate the p38
pathway.
MAP3K7
(TAK1)participate in regulation of transcription by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta).
Serine/threonine-specific protein kinase
Serine/threonine protein kinases phosphorylate the OH group of serine or threonine .At least 125 of the 500+ human protein kinases are serine/threonine kinases .-Regulation:...
which acts upon MAP kinase kinase.
In humans there are at least 19 genes:
- MAP3K1MAP3K1Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAP3K1 gene.Mouse genetics has revealed that the kinase is important in: correct embryogenesis, keratinocyte migration, T cell cytokine production and B cell antibody production.-Interactions:MAP3K1 has...
(aka MEKK1) - MAP3K2MAP3K2Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAP3K2 gene.-Interactions:MAP3K2 has been shown to interact with SH2D2A, MAP2K7, MAP2K5, XIAP and MAPK8.-Further reading:...
- MAP3K3MAP3K3Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAP3K3 gene.-Interactions:MAP3K3 has been shown to interact with [SQSTM1/p62], MAP2K5, YWHAE, GAB1 and BRCA1.-Further reading:...
(aka MEKK3MAP3K3Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAP3K3 gene.-Interactions:MAP3K3 has been shown to interact with [SQSTM1/p62], MAP2K5, YWHAE, GAB1 and BRCA1.-Further reading:...
) - MAP3K4MAP3K4Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAP3K4 gene.-Interactions:MAP3K4 has been shown to interact with GADD45G, GADD45B and GADD45A.-Further reading:...
- MAP3K5 (aka ASK1ASK1Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 also known as mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 is a member of MAP kinase kinase kinase family and as such a part of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway...
) - MAP3K6 (aka ASK2)
- MAP3K7MAP3K7Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAP3K7 gene.-Interactions:MAP3K7 has been shown to interact with Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 6, MAP3K7IP2, MAP3K7IP1, MAP3K7IP3, ASK1, PPM1B, TRAF6, MAP2K6 and CHUK.-Further reading:...
(aka MEKK7MAP3K7Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAP3K7 gene.-Interactions:MAP3K7 has been shown to interact with Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 6, MAP3K7IP2, MAP3K7IP1, MAP3K7IP3, ASK1, PPM1B, TRAF6, MAP2K6 and CHUK.-Further reading:...
) (aka TAK1) - MAP3K8MAP3K8Mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAP3K8 gene.-Interactions:MAP3K8 has been shown to interact with AKT1, CHUK, NFKB2 and NFKB1.-Further reading:...
(aka TPL2 or Tpl2) - MAP3K9MAP3K9Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 9 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAP3K9 gene.-Further reading:...
- MAP3K10MAP3K10Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 10 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAP3K10 gene.-Interactions:MAP3K10 has been shown to interact with NEUROD1, Huntingtin, MAPK8IP1, KIF3A, CDC42 and MAPK8IP2.-Further reading:...
- MAP3K11MAP3K11Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 11 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAP3K11 gene.-Interactions:MAP3K11 has been shown to interact with MAPK8IP1, CDC42, SH3RF1, MAPK8IP2 and AKT1.-Further reading:...
(aka MEKK11MAP3K11Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 11 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAP3K11 gene.-Interactions:MAP3K11 has been shown to interact with MAPK8IP1, CDC42, SH3RF1, MAPK8IP2 and AKT1.-Further reading:...
) (aka MLK3) - MAP3K12MAP3K12Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 12 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAP3K12 gene.-Interactions:MAP3K12 has been shown to interact with MAPK8IP1, MAP2K7 and MAPK8IP2.-Further reading:...
(aka MUK) - MAP3K13MAP3K13Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 13 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAP3K13 gene.-Further reading:...
(aka LZK) - MAP3K14MAP3K14Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 14 also known as NF-kappa-B-inducing kinase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAP3K14 gene.- Function :...
- MAP3K15
- MAP3K16 (aka TAO1 or TAOK1TAOK1Serine/threonine-protein kinase TAO1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TAOK1 gene.-Further reading:...
) - MAP3K17 (aka TAO2 or TAOK2TAOK2Serine/threonine-protein kinase TAO2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TAOK2 gene.-Interactions:TAOK2 has been shown to interact with MAP2K6 and MAP2K3.-Further reading:...
) - RAF1
- BRAFBRAFBRAF can refer to* Baton Rouge Area Foundation* The BRAF gene...
- ARAFARAFSerine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf or simply A-Raf is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ARAF gene. A-Raf is a member of the Raf kinase family of serine/threonine-specific protein kinases.-Interactions:...
- ZAKZAKSterile alpha motif and leucine zipper containing kinase AZK, also known as ZAK, is a human gene.- Further reading :...
(aka MLTK)
Perhaps the best characterized MAP3K are the members of the oncogenic RAF family (RAF1, BRAF, ARAF), which are effectors of mitogenic ras signaling and which activate the ERK1/2 (MAPK3/MAPK1) pathway
MAPK/ERK pathway
The MAPK/ERK pathway is a chain of proteins in the cell that communicates a signal from a receptor on the surface of the cell to the DNA in the nucleus of the cell. The signal starts when a growth factor binds to the receptor on the cell surface and ends when the DNA in the nucleus expresses a...
, through activation of MEK1(MAP2K1) and MEK2(MAP2K2).
MEKK1 activates MAPK8/JNK
C-Jun N-terminal kinases
c-Jun N-terminal kinases , were originally identified as kinases that bind and phosphorylate c-Jun on Ser-63 and Ser-73 within its transcriptional activation domain. They belong to the mitogen-activated protein kinase family, and are responsive to stress stimuli, such as cytokines, ultraviolet...
by phosphorylation of its activator SEK1(MAP2K4
MAP2K4
Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAP2K4 gene.-Interactions:MAP2K4 has been shown to interact with FLNC, MAPK8, MAPK8IP3 and AKT1.-Further reading:...
).
MAP3K3
MAP3K3
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAP3K3 gene.-Interactions:MAP3K3 has been shown to interact with [SQSTM1/p62], MAP2K5, YWHAE, GAB1 and BRCA1.-Further reading:...
directly regulates the MAPK8/JNK
C-Jun N-terminal kinases
c-Jun N-terminal kinases , were originally identified as kinases that bind and phosphorylate c-Jun on Ser-63 and Ser-73 within its transcriptional activation domain. They belong to the mitogen-activated protein kinase family, and are responsive to stress stimuli, such as cytokines, ultraviolet...
and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) pathways
MAPK/ERK pathway
The MAPK/ERK pathway is a chain of proteins in the cell that communicates a signal from a receptor on the surface of the cell to the DNA in the nucleus of the cell. The signal starts when a growth factor binds to the receptor on the cell surface and ends when the DNA in the nucleus expresses a...
by activating SEK and MEK1/2 respectively; it does not regulate the p38
P38 mitogen-activated protein kinases
P38 mitogen-activated protein kinases are a class of mitogen-activated protein kinases that are responsive to stress stimuli, such as cytokines, ultraviolet irradiation, heat shock, and osmotic shock, and are involved in cell differentiation and apoptosis....
pathway.
MAP3K7
MAP3K7
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAP3K7 gene.-Interactions:MAP3K7 has been shown to interact with Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 6, MAP3K7IP2, MAP3K7IP1, MAP3K7IP3, ASK1, PPM1B, TRAF6, MAP2K6 and CHUK.-Further reading:...
(TAK1)participate in regulation of transcription by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta).