M. H. Lukman
Encyclopedia
M.H. Lukman was the First Deputy Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Indonesia
(PKI). He was executed following the 1965 crackdown on the PKI.
Lukman's father was a kiai, a Muslim
religious scholar who was active in Sarekat Rakyat (People's Association), a Communist breakaway group from the Sarekat Islam. After the failed 1926 communist uprising against the Dutch colonial government
, Lukman's father was imprisoned and in 1929 was exiled to the Boven Digul detention camp, West Papua. His family went with him, and Lukman grew up among political prisoners. In 1938 Lukman returned to his home town of Tegal
and worked as a bus conductor until the 1942 Japanese invasion
. He joined the then illegal Indonesian Communist Party in 1943, at the same time as future leader D.N. Aidit
.
In 1951, together with Aidit, Njoto and Sudisman, he participated in the takeover of the PKI leadership, a move which was to see the resurgence of the party. By 1965, he was a member of the party central committee and as deputy speaker of the Provisional house of Representatives, a member of President Sukarno
's cabinet.
As a leading PKI member, Lukman was arrested following the 1965 coup attempt of the 30 September Movement
, which was officially blamed on the Communist Party. After a trial, Lukman was secretly executed in late 1965 during the anti-communist purge of 1965/66
.
Communist Party of Indonesia
The Communist Party of Indonesia was the largest non-ruling communist party in the world prior to being crushed in 1965 and banned the following year.-Forerunners:...
(PKI). He was executed following the 1965 crackdown on the PKI.
Lukman's father was a kiai, a Muslim
Muslim
A Muslim, also spelled Moslem, is an adherent of Islam, a monotheistic, Abrahamic religion based on the Quran, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God as revealed to prophet Muhammad. "Muslim" is the Arabic term for "submitter" .Muslims believe that God is one and incomparable...
religious scholar who was active in Sarekat Rakyat (People's Association), a Communist breakaway group from the Sarekat Islam. After the failed 1926 communist uprising against the Dutch colonial government
Dutch East Indies
The Dutch East Indies was a Dutch colony that became modern Indonesia following World War II. It was formed from the nationalised colonies of the Dutch East India Company, which came under the administration of the Netherlands government in 1800....
, Lukman's father was imprisoned and in 1929 was exiled to the Boven Digul detention camp, West Papua. His family went with him, and Lukman grew up among political prisoners. In 1938 Lukman returned to his home town of Tegal
Tegal
Tegal is the largest city in the Tegal Regency, Indonesia. It is situated on the north coast of Central Java, about from Semarang, capital of Central Java....
and worked as a bus conductor until the 1942 Japanese invasion
Japanese Occupation of Indonesia
The Japanese Empire occupied Indonesia, known then as the Dutch East Indies, during World War II from March 1942 until after the end of War in 1945...
. He joined the then illegal Indonesian Communist Party in 1943, at the same time as future leader D.N. Aidit
Dipa Nusantara Aidit
Dipa Nusantara Aidit was a senior leader of the Communist Party of Indonesia . Born Ahmad Aidit on Bangka Island, he was nicknamed "Amat". Aidit was educated in the Dutch colonial system...
.
In 1951, together with Aidit, Njoto and Sudisman, he participated in the takeover of the PKI leadership, a move which was to see the resurgence of the party. By 1965, he was a member of the party central committee and as deputy speaker of the Provisional house of Representatives, a member of President Sukarno
Sukarno
Sukarno, born Kusno Sosrodihardjo was the first President of Indonesia.Sukarno was the leader of his country's struggle for independence from the Netherlands and was Indonesia's first President from 1945 to 1967...
's cabinet.
As a leading PKI member, Lukman was arrested following the 1965 coup attempt of the 30 September Movement
30 September Movement
The Thirtieth of September Movement ) was a self-proclaimed organization of Indonesian National Armed Forces members who, in the early hours of 1 October 1965, assassinated six Indonesian Army generals in an abortive coup d'état. Later that morning, the organization declared that it was in control...
, which was officially blamed on the Communist Party. After a trial, Lukman was secretly executed in late 1965 during the anti-communist purge of 1965/66
Indonesian killings of 1965–66
The Indonesian killings of 1965–1966 were an anti-communist purge following a failed coup in Indonesia. The most widely accepted estimates are that over half a million people were killed...
.