Luigi Nazari di Calabiana
Encyclopedia
Luigi Nazari di Calabiana (1808 – 1893) was an Italian churchman and politician: a senator of the Kingdom of Sardinia
and Archbishop of Milan.
to Filippo, count of Calabiana
, and the noblewoman Sofia Toesca of the counts of Castezzo. He was consecrated Bishop of Casale Monferrato on 6 June 1847 and in this role he is remembered for his involvement in the successful campaign to save its ancient Romanesque cathedral from demolition.
On 3 May 1848 he was nominated as senator
by king Charles Albert, taking the oath on 22 May of that year. He unsuccessfully opposed Siccardi reforms of 1850, which were intended to revoke certain ancient privileges which the Catholic Church enjoyed in Piedmont, and he led the opposition to further reforms in 1855, intended to institute a ‘free church in a free state’, provoking the Calabiana crisis which forced the resignation of Cavour
, although again the legislation was passed into law.
of Milan had been suggested by the Austrian emperor
, but he was not allowed to enter in the town by the Kingdom of Sardinia
that took possession of the Lombardy
after the Second Italian War of Independence
. So with the appointment of Nazari di Calabiana Milan again had a residence bishop. In the frame of the hostility between the Holy See
and the kingdom of Sardinia (later Kingdom of Italy
), Nazari di Calabiana was considered to be on conciliatory positions, while the previous archbishop Ballerini, who during Nazari's reign resided in Seregno
near Milan, remained a fierce opponent of the Reign. Nazari di Calabian was never created cardinal.
As Archbishop of Milan, Nazari di Calabiana is remembered for his social activity, for the erection of new churches in the suburbs of the town and for the discovery of the relics of Saint Ambrose
and Gervasius and Protasius
founded in a old sarcophagus buried under the altar of Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio
.
At the First Vatican Council
he was the leader of the minority of Italian bishops who opposed the introduction of the doctrine of Papal Infallibility
, but after the proclamation of the dogma he promptly undersigned it. Luigi Nazari di Calabiana died in Milan on 23 October 1893.
Kingdom of Sardinia
The Kingdom of Sardinia consisted of the island of Sardinia first as a part of the Crown of Aragon and subsequently the Spanish Empire , and second as a part of the composite state of the House of Savoy . Its capital was originally Cagliari, in the south of the island, and later Turin, on the...
and Archbishop of Milan.
Bishop of Casale and Senator
He was born on 27 July 1808 in SaviglianoSavigliano
Savigliano is a comune of Piedmont, northern Italy, in the Province of Cuneo, c. 50 kilometers south of Turin by rail....
to Filippo, count of Calabiana
Callabiana
Callabiana is a comune in the Province of Biella in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 70 km northeast of Turin and about 4 km northwest of Biella...
, and the noblewoman Sofia Toesca of the counts of Castezzo. He was consecrated Bishop of Casale Monferrato on 6 June 1847 and in this role he is remembered for his involvement in the successful campaign to save its ancient Romanesque cathedral from demolition.
On 3 May 1848 he was nominated as senator
Italian Senate
The Senate of the Republic is the upper house of the Italian Parliament. It was established in its current form on 8 May 1948, but previously existed during the Kingdom of Italy as Senato del Regno , itself a continuation of the Senato Subalpino of Sardinia-Piedmont established on 8 May 1848...
by king Charles Albert, taking the oath on 22 May of that year. He unsuccessfully opposed Siccardi reforms of 1850, which were intended to revoke certain ancient privileges which the Catholic Church enjoyed in Piedmont, and he led the opposition to further reforms in 1855, intended to institute a ‘free church in a free state’, provoking the Calabiana crisis which forced the resignation of Cavour
Cavour
-Places:Italy* Cavour, Piedmont in Italy* Cavour in ItalyUnited States* Cavour, South Dakota, United States* Cavour, Wisconsin, United States-Other:* Italian aircraft carrier Cavour* the Italian dreadnought Conte di Cavour...
, although again the legislation was passed into law.
Archbishop of Milan
In 1867 he was named by Pope Pius IX archbishop of Milan, and his appointment solved the crisis in such important and large diocese. Actually the previous archbishop Paolo Angelo BalleriniPaolo Angelo Ballerini
Paolo Angelo Ballerini was an Italian prelate who was named by Pope Pius IX archbishop of Milan.- Life :Born in Milan at the time part of the Kingdom of Italy.In 1837 he was ordained priest for his native archdiocese then in December 1857 he was named vicar general of the archdiocese, in the...
of Milan had been suggested by the Austrian emperor
Franz Joseph I of Austria
Franz Joseph I or Francis Joseph I was Emperor of Austria, King of Bohemia, King of Croatia, Apostolic King of Hungary, King of Galicia and Lodomeria and Grand Duke of Cracow from 1848 until his death in 1916.In the December of 1848, Emperor Ferdinand I of Austria abdicated the throne as part of...
, but he was not allowed to enter in the town by the Kingdom of Sardinia
Kingdom of Sardinia
The Kingdom of Sardinia consisted of the island of Sardinia first as a part of the Crown of Aragon and subsequently the Spanish Empire , and second as a part of the composite state of the House of Savoy . Its capital was originally Cagliari, in the south of the island, and later Turin, on the...
that took possession of the Lombardy
Lombardy
Lombardy is one of the 20 regions of Italy. The capital is Milan. One-sixth of Italy's population lives in Lombardy and about one fifth of Italy's GDP is produced in this region, making it the most populous and richest region in the country and one of the richest in the whole of Europe...
after the Second Italian War of Independence
Second Italian War of Independence
The Second War of Italian Independence, Franco-Austrian War, Austro-Sardinian War, or Austro-Piedmontese War , was fought by Napoleon III of France and the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia against the Austrian Empire in 1859...
. So with the appointment of Nazari di Calabiana Milan again had a residence bishop. In the frame of the hostility between the Holy See
Holy See
The Holy See is the episcopal jurisdiction of the Catholic Church in Rome, in which its Bishop is commonly known as the Pope. It is the preeminent episcopal see of the Catholic Church, forming the central government of the Church. As such, diplomatically, and in other spheres the Holy See acts and...
and the kingdom of Sardinia (later Kingdom of Italy
Kingdom of Italy
There have been several distinct entities known as the Kingdom of Italy. Italy under the rule of Odoacer from 476 to 493 is often called the Kingdom of Italy, since it encompassed the Roman province of Italy and Odoacer is periodically styled rex...
), Nazari di Calabiana was considered to be on conciliatory positions, while the previous archbishop Ballerini, who during Nazari's reign resided in Seregno
Seregno
-Local Economy and Business:Seregno is positioned in the middle of one of the most economically productive areas in Italy with a high concentration of small and medium-sized enterprises. The total number of companies listed in Seregno is over 3,600, equal to about 6% of companies throughout the...
near Milan, remained a fierce opponent of the Reign. Nazari di Calabian was never created cardinal.
As Archbishop of Milan, Nazari di Calabiana is remembered for his social activity, for the erection of new churches in the suburbs of the town and for the discovery of the relics of Saint Ambrose
Ambrose
Aurelius Ambrosius, better known in English as Saint Ambrose , was a bishop of Milan who became one of the most influential ecclesiastical figures of the 4th century. He was one of the four original doctors of the Church.-Political career:Ambrose was born into a Roman Christian family between about...
and Gervasius and Protasius
Gervasius and Protasius
Saints Gervasius and Protasius are venerated as Christian martyrs, probably of the 2nd century....
founded in a old sarcophagus buried under the altar of Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio
Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio
The Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio is a church in Milan, northern Italy.-History:One of the most ancient churches in Milan, it was built by St. Ambrose in 379-386, in an area where numerous martyrs of the Roman persecutions had been buried. The first name of the church was in fact Basilica...
.
At the First Vatican Council
First Vatican Council
The First Vatican Council was convoked by Pope Pius IX on 29 June 1868, after a period of planning and preparation that began on 6 December 1864. This twentieth ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church, held three centuries after the Council of Trent, opened on 8 December 1869 and adjourned...
he was the leader of the minority of Italian bishops who opposed the introduction of the doctrine of Papal Infallibility
Papal infallibility
Papal infallibility is a dogma of the Catholic Church which states that, by action of the Holy Spirit, the Pope is preserved from even the possibility of error when in his official capacity he solemnly declares or promulgates to the universal Church a dogmatic teaching on faith or morals...
, but after the proclamation of the dogma he promptly undersigned it. Luigi Nazari di Calabiana died in Milan on 23 October 1893.