Ludwig Heinrich von Jakob
Encyclopedia
Ludwig Heinrich von Jakob (26 February 1759 – 22 July 1827) was a German
economist
.
He was born at Wettin
, Duchy of Magdeburg
; in 1777 he entered the University of Halle. In 1780 he was appointed teacher at the gymnasium, and in 1791 professor of philosophy
at the university. The suppression of the University of Halle having been decreed by Napoleon
, Jakob left for Russia
, where in 1807 he was appointed professor of political economy at Kharkoff University (now in the Ukraine
), and in 1809 a member of the government commission to inquire into the finances of the Russian Empire
. In the following year he became president of the commission for the revision of criminal law, and he at the same time obtained an important office in the finance department, with the rank of counsellor of state; but in 1816 he returned to Halle to occupy the chair of political economy. He died at Lauchstädt.
Shortly after his first appointment to a professorship in Halle Jakob had begun to turn his attention rather to the practical than the speculative side of philosophy, and in 1805 he published at Halle Lehrbuch der Nationalokonomie, in which he was the first to advocate in Germany the necessity of a distinct science dealing specially with the subject of national wealth
. His other principal works are Grundriss der allgemeinen Logik (Halle, 1788) ; Grundsdize der Polizeigesetzgebung und Polizeianstalten (Leipzig, 1809); Einleitung in des Studium der Staatswissenschaften (Halle, 1819); Entwurf efnes Criminalgeselzbuchs fr das russische Reich (Halle, 1818) and Staatsfinanzwissenschaft (2 vols., HaIle, 1821).
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Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
economist
Economist
An economist is a professional in the social science discipline of economics. The individual may also study, develop, and apply theories and concepts from economics and write about economic policy...
.
He was born at Wettin
Wettin, Saxony-Anhalt
Wettin is a small town and a former municipality in the Saalekreis district of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany, situated on the River Saale north of Halle. Since 1 January 2011, it is part of the town Löbejün-Wettin. It is known for Wettin Castle, the ancestral seat of the House of Wettin, ruling dynasty of...
, Duchy of Magdeburg
Duchy of Magdeburg
The Duchy of Magdeburg was a province of Brandenburg-Prussia from 1680 to 1701 and a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1701 to 1807. It replaced the Archbishopric of Magdeburg after its secularization by Brandenburg. The duchy's capitals were Magdeburg and Halle, while Burg was another...
; in 1777 he entered the University of Halle. In 1780 he was appointed teacher at the gymnasium, and in 1791 professor of philosophy
Philosophy
Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems, such as those connected with existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. Philosophy is distinguished from other ways of addressing such problems by its critical, generally systematic approach and its reliance on rational...
at the university. The suppression of the University of Halle having been decreed by Napoleon
Napoleon I of France
Napoleon Bonaparte was a French military and political leader during the latter stages of the French Revolution.As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815...
, Jakob left for Russia
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia and the predecessor of the Soviet Union...
, where in 1807 he was appointed professor of political economy at Kharkoff University (now in the Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
), and in 1809 a member of the government commission to inquire into the finances of the Russian Empire
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia and the predecessor of the Soviet Union...
. In the following year he became president of the commission for the revision of criminal law, and he at the same time obtained an important office in the finance department, with the rank of counsellor of state; but in 1816 he returned to Halle to occupy the chair of political economy. He died at Lauchstädt.
Shortly after his first appointment to a professorship in Halle Jakob had begun to turn his attention rather to the practical than the speculative side of philosophy, and in 1805 he published at Halle Lehrbuch der Nationalokonomie, in which he was the first to advocate in Germany the necessity of a distinct science dealing specially with the subject of national wealth
National wealth
National wealth also net wealth , national net worth, gross national wealth , and total national wealth is the total sum value of monetary assets minus liabilities of a given nation, also National wealth” refers to the total value of wealth possessed by the citizens of a nation at a set point in...
. His other principal works are Grundriss der allgemeinen Logik (Halle, 1788) ; Grundsdize der Polizeigesetzgebung und Polizeianstalten (Leipzig, 1809); Einleitung in des Studium der Staatswissenschaften (Halle, 1819); Entwurf efnes Criminalgeselzbuchs fr das russische Reich (Halle, 1818) and Staatsfinanzwissenschaft (2 vols., HaIle, 1821).
Literature
- Vladimir Abashnik, Ludwig Heinrich von Jakob. In: The Dictionary of eighteenth-century German philosophers. General editors: Heiner F. Klemme, Manfred Kuehn. In 3 vol. London: Continuum International Publishing Group Ltd., 2010, Vol. 2: H – P, pp. 590-594.
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