Lu Zhiwei
Encyclopedia
Lu Zhiwei (6 February 1894 – 21 November 1970) was a famous Chinese psychologist
and linguist
from Wuxing
, Zhejiang
.
Lu went abroad to the United States to study during 1915. In 1920, he graduated from the Columbia University
Psychology with the doctoral paper "Forgotten Condition". Lu returned to China that year and was hired in various academies in Nanjing. While he was teaching in the University of Nanjing, he became the first one to introduce the Pavlovian theories into China along with various other Western psychological ideas. In 1927, he arrived in Beijing and was hired as the professor of Yanjing University psychology . In 1933, he went to University of Chicago
faculty of biology to pursue further education in psychology. He returned to China the next year and was appointed as the principal of Yanjing University.
During the onset of the Second Sino-Japanese War
, the study of psychology was halted. Lu began to turn his devotion of research into the Chinese linguistics, and published various papers beginning in 1939. His published book "The Structure of Hanyu" was one of the first complete analysis of the Chinese language structure. Lu was also one of the original developers of Pinyin
.
In August 1941, he was arrested by the Japanese Army along with several other employees of the Yanjing University. After being discharged, he began to research on the Classical Chinese
and completed the first draft of "Introduction to Classical Pronunciation" in September 1943.
After the Second Sino-Japanese War was over, Lu was in charge to rebuild the Yanjing University. After the establishment of the People's Republic of China
, Lu was transferred to the Chinese Academy of Science.
During the Cultural Revolution
, he was criticized and persecuted like many other scholars at the time. On November 21, 1970, Lu died in Beijing due to illness.
Psychologist
Psychologist is a professional or academic title used by individuals who are either:* Clinical professionals who work with patients in a variety of therapeutic contexts .* Scientists conducting psychological research or teaching psychology in a college...
and linguist
Linguistics
Linguistics is the scientific study of human language. Linguistics can be broadly broken into three categories or subfields of study: language form, language meaning, and language in context....
from Wuxing
Wuxing District
Wuxing District is a district in the prefecture-level city of Huzhou, Zhejiang, China....
, Zhejiang
Zhejiang
Zhejiang is an eastern coastal province of the People's Republic of China. The word Zhejiang was the old name of the Qiantang River, which passes through Hangzhou, the provincial capital...
.
Lu went abroad to the United States to study during 1915. In 1920, he graduated from the Columbia University
Columbia University
Columbia University in the City of New York is a private, Ivy League university in Manhattan, New York City. Columbia is the oldest institution of higher learning in the state of New York, the fifth oldest in the United States, and one of the country's nine Colonial Colleges founded before the...
Psychology with the doctoral paper "Forgotten Condition". Lu returned to China that year and was hired in various academies in Nanjing. While he was teaching in the University of Nanjing, he became the first one to introduce the Pavlovian theories into China along with various other Western psychological ideas. In 1927, he arrived in Beijing and was hired as the professor of Yanjing University psychology . In 1933, he went to University of Chicago
University of Chicago
The University of Chicago is a private research university in Chicago, Illinois, USA. It was founded by the American Baptist Education Society with a donation from oil magnate and philanthropist John D. Rockefeller and incorporated in 1890...
faculty of biology to pursue further education in psychology. He returned to China the next year and was appointed as the principal of Yanjing University.
During the onset of the Second Sino-Japanese War
Second Sino-Japanese War
The Second Sino-Japanese War was a military conflict fought primarily between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan. From 1937 to 1941, China fought Japan with some economic help from Germany , the Soviet Union and the United States...
, the study of psychology was halted. Lu began to turn his devotion of research into the Chinese linguistics, and published various papers beginning in 1939. His published book "The Structure of Hanyu" was one of the first complete analysis of the Chinese language structure. Lu was also one of the original developers of Pinyin
Pinyin
Pinyin is the official system to transcribe Chinese characters into the Roman alphabet in China, Malaysia, Singapore and Taiwan. It is also often used to teach Mandarin Chinese and spell Chinese names in foreign publications and used as an input method to enter Chinese characters into...
.
In August 1941, he was arrested by the Japanese Army along with several other employees of the Yanjing University. After being discharged, he began to research on the Classical Chinese
Classical Chinese
Classical Chinese or Literary Chinese is a traditional style of written Chinese based on the grammar and vocabulary of ancient Chinese, making it different from any modern spoken form of Chinese...
and completed the first draft of "Introduction to Classical Pronunciation" in September 1943.
After the Second Sino-Japanese War was over, Lu was in charge to rebuild the Yanjing University. After the establishment of the People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...
, Lu was transferred to the Chinese Academy of Science.
During the Cultural Revolution
Cultural Revolution
The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, commonly known as the Cultural Revolution , was a socio-political movement that took place in the People's Republic of China from 1966 through 1976...
, he was criticized and persecuted like many other scholars at the time. On November 21, 1970, Lu died in Beijing due to illness.
Catalogue
- The Structure of Hanyu
- Introduction to Classical Pronunciation
- Record of Poetic Rhythms
- Social Psychology Textbook
- The Unlimited Wonders of Chinese Children