The following is a list of inorganic pigments of natural and synthetic origin,
which are distinct from dyes, only dyes which are derived directly from inorganic pigments are mentioned:

Blue

Blue

Blue is a colour, the perception of which is evoked by light having a spectrum dominated by energy with a wavelength of roughly 440–490 nm. It is considered one of the additive primary colours. On the HSV Colour Wheel, the complement of blue is yellow; that is, a colour corresponding to an equal...

 Pigments

Aluminum pigments:

• Ultramarine
  Ultramarine
  Ultramarine is a blue pigment consisting primarily of a double silicate of aluminium and sodium with some sulfides or sulfates, and occurring in nature as a proximate component of lapis lazuli...
  
   (PB29): a complex naturally occurring pigment of sulfur
  Sulfur
  Sulfur or sulphur is the chemical element with atomic number 16. In the periodic table it is represented by the symbol S. It is an abundant, multivalent non-metal. Under normal conditions, sulfur atoms form cyclic octatomic molecules with chemical formula S8. Elemental sulfur is a bright yellow...
  
  -containing sodio
  Sodium
  Sodium is a chemical element with the symbol Na and atomic number 11. It is a soft, silvery-white, highly reactive metal and is a member of the alkali metals; its only stable isotope is 23Na. It is an abundant element that exists in numerous minerals, most commonly as sodium chloride...
  
  -silicate
  Silicate
  A silicate is a compound containing a silicon bearing anion. The great majority of silicates are oxides, but hexafluorosilicate and other anions are also included. This article focuses mainly on the Si-O anions. Silicates comprise the majority of the earth's crust, as well as the other...
  
   (Na_8-10Al₆Si₆O₂₄S_2-4)

Cobalt pigments:

• Cobalt Blue (PB28) and Cerulean Blue (PB35): cobalt(II) stannate

Copper pigments:

• Egyptian Blue
  Egyptian Blue
  Egyptian blue is chemically known as calcium copper silicate . It is a pigment used by Egyptians for thousands of years. It is considered to be the first synthetic pigment. The pigment was known to the Romans by the name caeruleum...
  
  : a synthetic pigment of calcium copper silicate (CaCuSi₄O₁₀). Thought to be the first synthetically produced pigment.

• Han Blue: BaCuSi₄O₁₀

Iron pigments:

• Prussian Blue
  Prussian blue
  Prussian blue is a dark blue pigment with the idealized formula Fe718. Another name for the color Prussian blue is Berlin blue or, in painting, Parisian blue. Turnbull's blue is the same substance but is made from different reagents....
  
   (PB27): a synthetic pigment of ferric hexacyanoferrate (Fe₇(CN)₁₈). The dye Marking blue
  Marking blue
  Marking blue, layout stain or Prussian blue is a dye used in metalworking to aid in marking out rough parts for further machining. It is sometimes called Dykem...
  
   is made by mixing Prussian Blue and alcohol.

Green

Green

Green is a color, the perception of which is evoked by light having a spectrum dominated by energy with a wavelength of roughly 520–570 nanometres. In the subtractive color system, it is not a primary color, but is created out of a mixture of yellow and blue, or yellow and cyan; it is considered...

 Pigments

Cadmium pigments:

• Cadmium Green
  Cadmium pigments
  Cadmium pigments are a class of pigments that have cadmium as one of the chemical components. They are highly toxic and can produce cadmium poisoning. Most of cadmium produced worldwide is used in the production of nickel-cadmium batteries, but about half the remaining consumption, which is about...
  
  

• Viridian
  Viridian
  Viridian is a blue-green pigment, a hydrated chromium oxide, of medium saturation and relatively dark in value. It is composed more of green than blue. Specifically, it is a dark shade of spring green, the color between green and cyan on the color wheel...
  
   (PG18): a dark green pigment of hydrated chromium(III) oxide (Cr₂O₃)

• Cadmium Green : a light green pigment consisting of a mixture of Cromium Yellow (CrS) and Viridian (Cr₂O₃)

Chromium pigments:

• Chrome Green (PG17)

Copper pigments:

• Paris Green
  Paris Green
  Paris Green is an inorganic compound more precisely known as copper acetoarsenite. It is a highly toxic emerald-green crystalline powder that has been used as a rodenticide and insecticide, and also as a pigment, despite its toxicity. It is also used as a blue colorant for fireworks...
  
  : copper(II) acetoarsenite

(Cu(C₂H₃O₂)₂·3Cu(AsO₂)₂)

• Scheele's Green
  Scheele's Green
  Scheele's Green, also called Schloss Green, is chemically a cupric hydrogen arsenite , CuHAsO3. It is a compound similar to Paris Green...
  
   (also called Schloss Green): copper arsenite CuHAsO₃

Yellow

Yellow

Yellow is the color evoked by light that stimulates both the L and M cone cells of the retina about equally, with no significant stimulation of the S cone cells. Light with a wavelength of 570–590 nm is yellow, as is light with a suitable mixture of red and green...

 Pigments

Arsenic pigments:

• Orpiment
  Orpiment
  Orpiment, As2S3, is a common monoclinic arsenic sulfide mineral. It has a Mohs hardness of 1.5 to 2 and a specific gravity of 3.46. It melts at 300 °C to 325 °C...
  
   natural monoclinic arsenic sulfide (As₂S₃),

Cadmium pigments:

• Cadmium Yellow (PY37): cadmium sulfide (CdS)

Chromium pigments:

• Chrome Yellow
  Chrome yellow
  Chrome Yellow is a natural yellow pigment made of lead chromate . It was first extracted from the mineral crocoite by the French chemist Louis Vauquelin in 1809...
  
   (PY34): natural pigment of lead(II) chromate (PbCrO₄).

Cobalt pigments:

• Aureolin
  Aureolin
  Aureolin is a pigment used in oil and watercolor painting. Its color index name is PY40 . It was first made in 1848 by N. W. Fischer in Breslau and its chemical composition is potassium cobaltinitrite.Aureolin is rated as permanent in oils but darkens and fades easily in watercolors...
  
  (also called Cobalt Yellow) (PY40): Potassium cobaltinitrite (Na₃Co(NO₂)₆.

Iron Pigments:

• Yellow Ochre (PY43): a naturally occurring clay of hydrated iron oxide (Fe₂O₃.H₂O)

Lead pigments:

• Naples Yellow (PY41)

Titanium pigments:

• Titanium Yellow (PY53)

Tin Pigments:

• Mosaic gold
  Mosaic gold
  Mosaic gold, or stannic sulfide, SnS2, is obtained as a yellow scaly crystalline powder, and used as a pigment in bronzing and gilding wood and metal work. It was called by the alchemists aurum musivum, or aurum mosaicum...
  
  : stannic sulfide (SnS₂)

Orange

Orange (colour)

The colour orange occurs between red and yellow in the visible spectrum at a wavelength of about 585–620 nm, and has a hue of 30° in HSV colour space. It is numerically halfway between red and yellow in a gamma-compressed RGB colour space, the expression of which is the RGB colour wheel. The...

 Pigments

Cadmium pigments:

• Cadmium Orange (PO20): an intermediate between cadmium red and cadmium yellow: cadmium sulfoselenide.

Chromium pigments:

• Chrome Orange
  Chrome orange
  Chrome orange, also known as chrome red, is an orange pigment which consists of lead chromate and lead oxide. . Chrome orange can be made by precipitating lead together with chromate in a basic solution or by treating chrome yellow with lye...
  
  : a naturally occurring pigment mixture composed of lead(II) chromate
  Lead(II) chromate
  Lead chromate is a chemical compound, a chromate of lead. It has a vivid yellow color and is practically insoluble in water, and as a result, is used in paints under the name "chrome yellow"...
  
   and lead(II) oxide
  Lead(II) oxide
  Lead oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula PbO. Lead oxide occurs in two polymorphs, red, having a tetragonal crystal structure and yellow, having an orthorhombic crystal structure...
  
  . (PbCrO₄ + PbO)

Red

Red

Red is any of a number of similar colors evoked by light consisting predominantly of the longest wavelengths of light discernible by the human eye, in the wavelength range of roughly 630–740 nm. Longer wavelengths than this are called infrared , and cannot be seen by the naked eye...

 Pigments

Cadmium pigments:

• Cadmium Red (PR108): cadmium selenide (CdSe)

Iron oxide pigments:

• Sanguine, Caput Mortuum
  Caput mortuum
  Caput Mortuum is a Latin term whose literal meaning is "dead head" or "worthless remains", used in alchemy and also as the name of a pigment.-Alchemy and chemistry:...
  
  , Venetian Red, Oxide Red (PR102)

• Red Ochre (PR102): anhydrous Fe₂O₃

• Burnt Sienna (PBr7): a pigment produced by heating Raw Sienna.

Lead pigments (toxic):

• Red Lead
  Red lead
  Lead tetroxide, also called minium, red lead or triplumbic tetroxide, is a bright red or orange crystalline or amorphous pigment. Chemically, red lead is lead tetroxide, Pb3O4, or 2PbO·PbO2....
  
  : lead tetroxide, Pb₃O₄

Mercury pigments (toxic):

• Vermilion
  Vermilion
  Vermilion is an opaque orangish red pigment, similar to scarlet. As a naturally occurring mineral pigment, it is known as cinnabar, and was in use around the world before the Common Era began. Most naturally produced vermilion comes from cinnabar mined in China, and vermilion is nowadays commonly...
  
   (PR106): Synthetic and natural pigment: Occurs naturally in mineral cinnabar. Mercuric sulfide (HgS)

Brown

Brown

Brown is a color term, denoting a range of composite colors produced by a mixture of orange, red, rose, or yellow with black or gray. The term is from Old English brún, in origin for any dusky or dark shade of color....

 Pigments

Clay earth pigments (naturally formed iron oxides)

• Raw Umber (PBr7): a natural clay pigment consisting of iron oxide, manganese oxide and aluminum oxide: Fe₂O₃ + MnO₂ + nH₂O + Si + AlO₃. When calcined (heated) it is referred to as Burnt Umber and has more intense colors.

• Raw Sienna (PBr7): a naturally occurring yellow-brown pigment from limonite clay. Used in art since prehistoric times.

Black

Black

Black is the color of objects that do not emit or reflect light in any part of the visible spectrum; they absorb all such frequencies of light...

 Pigments

Carbon pigments:

• Carbon Black
  Carbon black
  Carbon black is a material produced by the incomplete combustion of heavy petroleum products such as FCC tar, coal tar, ethylene cracking tar, and a small amount from vegetable oil. Carbon black is a form of amorphous carbon that has a high surface-area-to-volume ratio, although its...
  
   (PBk7)
• Ivory Black (PBk9)
• Vine Black (PBk8)
• Lamp Black (PBk6)

Iron Pigments:

• Iron black (PBk11) (C.I. No.77499) : Fe₃O₄

Titanium pigments:

• Titanium Black

White

White

White is a color, the perception of which is evoked by light that stimulates all three types of color sensitive cone cells in the human eye in nearly equal amounts and with high brightness compared to the surroundings. A white visual stimulation will be void of hue and grayness.White light can be...

 Pigments

Antimony pigments:

• Antimony White: Sb₂O₃

Barium pigments:

• Barium sulfate
  Barium sulfate
  Barium sulfate is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula BaSO4. It is a white crystalline solid that is odorless and insoluble in water. It occurs as the mineral barite, which is the main commercial source of barium and materials prepared from it...
  
   (PW5)

Lead pigments: (toxic)

• White Lead
  White lead
  White lead is the chemical compound 2·Pb2. It was formerly used as an ingredient for lead paint and a cosmetic called Venetian Ceruse, because its opaque quality made it a good pigment. However, it tended to cause lead poisoning, and its use has been banned in most countries.White lead has been...
  
   (PW1): (PbCO₃)₂·Pb(OH)₂

Titanium pigments:

• Titanium White (PW6): titanium(IV) oxide TiO₂

Zinc pigments:

• Zinc White (PW4): Zinc Oxide (ZnO)