List of cucurbit diseases
Encyclopedia
This article is a list of diseases of cucurbits (Citrullus spp., Cucumis spp., Cucurbita spp., and others).
Bacterial diseases
| Bacterial diseases |
|
|---|---|
| Angular leaf spot | Pseudomonas amygdali Pseudomonas amygdali Pseudomonas amygdali is a Gram-negative plant pathogenic bacterium. It is named after its ability to cause disease on almond trees. Based on 16S rRNA analysis, P. amygdali has been placed in the P. syringae group. Following ribotypical analysis several pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae were... pv. lachrymans |
| Bacterial fruit blotch/seedling blight | Acidovorax avenae Acidovorax avenae Acidovorax avenae is a Gram-negative soil bacterium. A. avenae subsp. citrulli is the causal agent of bacterial fruit blotch.... subsp. citrulli = Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes subsp. citrulli |
| Bacterial leaf spot | Xanthomonas campestris Xanthomonas campestris Xanthomonas campestris is a bacterial species that causes a variety of plant diseases. Available from the NCPPB,and other international Culture collections such as ICMP, ATCC, and LMG in a purified form, it is used in the commercial production of a high-molecular-weight polysaccharide - xanthan... pv. cucurbitae |
| Bacterial rind necrosis | Erwinia Erwinia Erwinia is a genus of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria containing mostly plant pathogenic species which was named for the first phytobacteriologist, Erwin Smith. It is a gram negative bacterium related to E. coli, Shigella, Salmonella and Yersinia. It is primarily a rod-shaped bacteria. A well-known... spp. |
| Bacterial soft rot | Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora |
| Bacterial wilt | Erwinia tracheiphila |
| Brown spot | Erwinia ananas |
Fungal diseases
| Fungal diseases |
|
|---|---|
| Alternaria leaf blight | Alternaria cucumerina |
| Alternaria leaf spot | Alternaria alternata f.sp. cucurbitae |
| Anthracnose (stem, leaf and fruit) | Colletotrichum orbiculare Colletotrichum orbiculare Colletotrichum orbiculare is a plant pathogen of melons and cucumber.- External links :* *... Colletotrichum lagenarium Glomerella lagenarium [teleomorph] |
| Belly rot | Rhizoctonia solani Rhizoctonia solani Rhizoctonia solani is a plant pathogenic fungus with a wide host range and worldwide distribution. This plant pathogen was discovered more than 100 years ago. Rhizoctonia solani frequently exists as thread-like growth on plants or in culture. Asexual spores are not produced, only the sexual stage... Thanatephorus cucumeris [teleomorph] |
| Black root rot | Thielaviopsis basicola Thielaviopsis basicola Thielaviopsis basicola is a plant pathogen.- External links :* *... |
| Blue mold rot | Penicillium Penicillium Penicillium is a genus of ascomycetous fungi of major importance in the natural environment as well as food and drug production. Members of the genus produce penicillin, a molecule that is used as an antibiotic, which kills or stops the growth of certain kinds of bacteria inside the body... spp. Penicillium digitatum Penicillium digitatum Penicillium digitatum is a plant pathogen. It is a common postharvest fungus disease of citrus called green mold.- External links :* *... |
| Cephalosporium root and hypocotyl rot, stem streak and dieback | Acremonium Acremonium Acremonium is a genus of Fungi in the Hypocreaceae family; it was previously known as "Cephalosporium".-Description:Acremonium species are usually slow growing and are initially compact and moist. Acremonium hyphae are fine and hyaline and produce mostly simple phialides. Their conidia are usually... spp. Cephalosporium spp. |
| Cercospora leaf spot | Cercospora citrullina |
| Charcoal rot Vine decline and fruit rot |
Macrophomina phaseolina Macrophomina phaseolina Macrophomina phaseolina is a Botryosphaeriaceae fungus that is a plant pathogen that causes charcoal rot on many plant species including Zea mays and Pinus elliottii.- External links :* *... |
| Choanephora fruit rot | Choanephora cucurbitarum Choanephora cucurbitarum The fungus Choanephora cucurbitarum is a plant pathogen that causes fruit rot in cucurbit.- External links :* *... |
| Collapse of melon | Monosporascus eutypoides Monosporascus eutypoides Monosporascus eutypoides is a plant pathogen.- External links :* *... Bitrimonospora indica |
| Corynespora blight/target spot | Corynespora cassiicola Corynespora cassiicola Corynespora cassiicola is a plant pathogen.- External links :* *... |
| Crater rot (fruit) | Myrothecium roridum Myrothecium roridum Myrothecium roridum is a plant pathogen. Myrotoxin B has been isolated from it.- External links :* *... |
| Crown and foot rot | Fusarium solani Haematonectria haematococca Haematonectria haematococca Haematonectria haematococca is a plant pathogen and is the teleomorph of Fusarium solani.- External links :* *... Nectria haematococca [teleomorph] |
| Damping-off | Acremonium Acremonium Acremonium is a genus of Fungi in the Hypocreaceae family; it was previously known as "Cephalosporium".-Description:Acremonium species are usually slow growing and are initially compact and moist. Acremonium hyphae are fine and hyaline and produce mostly simple phialides. Their conidia are usually... spp. Fusarium Fusarium Fusarium is a large genus of filamentous fungi widely distributed in soil and in association with plants. Most species are harmless saprobes, and are relatively abundant members of the soil microbial community. Some species produce mycotoxins in cereal crops that can affect human and animal health... spp. Fusarium equiseti Gibberella intricans Gibberella intricans Gibberella intricans is a plant pathogen.- External links :* *... [teleomorph] Phytophthora Phytophthora Phytophthora is a genus of plant-damaging Oomycetes , whose member species are capable of causing enormous economic losses on crops worldwide, as well as environmental damage in natural ecosystems. The genus was first described by Heinrich Anton de Bary in 1875... sp. Pythium Pythium Pythium is a genus of parasitic oomycete. Most species are plant parasites, but Pythium insidiosum is an important pathogen of animals... spp. Rhizoctonia solani Rhizoctonia solani Rhizoctonia solani is a plant pathogenic fungus with a wide host range and worldwide distribution. This plant pathogen was discovered more than 100 years ago. Rhizoctonia solani frequently exists as thread-like growth on plants or in culture. Asexual spores are not produced, only the sexual stage... Thielaviopsis basicola Thielaviopsis basicola Thielaviopsis basicola is a plant pathogen.- External links :* *... Other fungi |
| Downy mildew | Pseudoperonospora cubensis Pseudoperonospora cubensis Pseudoperonospora cubensis is a species of water mould known for causing downy mildew on cucurbits such as cantaloupe, cucumber, pumpkin, squash and watermelon. This water mould is an important pathogen of all these crops, especially in areas with high humidity and rainfall, such as the eastern... |
| Fusarium fruit rot | Fusarium equiseti Fusarium roseum f. gibbosum Fusarium graminearum Gibberella zeae Gibberella zeae Gibberella zeae, also known by the name of its anamorph Fusarium graminearum, is a plant pathogen which causes the wheat headblight disease. Fusarium head blight is a devastating disease on wheat and barley. The pathogen is responsible for billions of dollars in economic losses worldwide each year... [teleomorph] Fusarium semitectum Fusarium solani f.sp. cucurbitae Fusarium Fusarium Fusarium is a large genus of filamentous fungi widely distributed in soil and in association with plants. Most species are harmless saprobes, and are relatively abundant members of the soil microbial community. Some species produce mycotoxins in cereal crops that can affect human and animal health... spp. |
| Fusarium wilt | Fusarium oxysporum Fusarium oxysporum Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. as emended by Snyder and Hansen comprises all the species, varieties and forms recognized by Wollenweber and Reinking within an infrageneric grouping called section Elegans... (with these formae speciales:) Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. benincasae Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lagenariae Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. luffae Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. momordicae Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. niveum |
| Gray mold | Botrytis cinerea Botrytis cinerea Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic fungus that affects many plant species, although its most notable hosts may be wine grapes. In viticulture, it is commonly known as botrytis bunch rot; in horticulture, it is usually called grey mould or gray mold.The fungus gives rise to two different kinds of... Botryotinia fuckeliana Botryotinia fuckeliana Botryotinia fuckeliana is a plant pathogen, and the causal agent of gray mold disease.The specific epithet was named by mycologist Heinrich Anton de Bary in honor of another mycologist, Karl Wilhelm Gottlieb Leopold Fuckel.... [teleomorph] |
| Gummy stem blight (vine decline) | Didymella bryoniae Didymella bryoniae Didymella bryoniae is a fungal plant pathogen that causes gummy stem blight.- External links :* *... Mycosphaerella melonis Phoma cucurbitacearum Phoma cucurbitacearum Phoma cucurbitacearum is a fungal plant pathogen.- External links :* *... [anamorph] |
| Lasiodiplodia vine decline/fruit rot | Lasiodiplodia theobromae Lasiodiplodia theobromae Lasiodiplodia theobromae is a plant pathogen with a very wide host range. It causes rotting and dieback in most species it infects. On rare occasions it has been found to cause Fungal keratitis. It is a common post harvest fungus disease of citrus known as stem-end rot.- External links :* *... Diplodia natalensis |
| Monosporascus root rot/Myrothecium canker (black canker) | Monosporascus cannonballus Monosporascus cannonballus Monosporascus cannonballus is a plant pathogen.- External links :* *... Myrothecium roridum Myrothecium roridum Myrothecium roridum is a plant pathogen. Myrotoxin B has been isolated from it.- External links :* *... |
| Net spot | Leandria momordicae Leandria momordicae Leandria momordicae is an ascomycete fungus that is a plant pathogen.- External links :* *... |
| Phoma blight | Phoma exigua var. exigua Phoma exigua var. exigua Phoma exigua var. exigua is a fungal plant pathogen.-External links:* *... Ascochyta phaseolorum |
| Purple stem | Diaporthe melonis Diaporthe melonis Diaporthe melonis is a plant pathogen.- External links :* *... Phomopsis cucurbitae [teleomorph] |
| Phomopsis black stem | Phomopsis sclerotioides Phomopsis sclerotioides Phomopsis sclerotioides is a plant pathogen.- External links :* *... |
| Phyllosticta leaf spot | Phyllosticta cucurbitacearum Phyllosticta cucurbitacearum Phyllosticta cucurbitacearum, commonly called "Phyllosticta leaf spot", is a fungal plant pathogen affecting Cucurbits.- External links :***... |
| Phytophthora root rot | Phytophthora Phytophthora Phytophthora is a genus of plant-damaging Oomycetes , whose member species are capable of causing enormous economic losses on crops worldwide, as well as environmental damage in natural ecosystems. The genus was first described by Heinrich Anton de Bary in 1875... spp. Phytophthora capsici Phytophthora capsici Phytophthora capsici is an oomycete plant pathogen that causes fruit rot of peppers. It was first described by L. Leonian at a New Mexico Agricultural Research Station in Las Cruces in 1922 on a crop of chili peppers. In 1967, a study by Satour and Butler found 45 species of cultivated plants and... |
| Pink mold rot | Trichothecium roseum Trichothecium roseum Trichothecium roseum is a plant pathogen.- External links :* *... |
| Plectosporium blight | Plectosporium tabacinum |
| Powdery mildew | Sphaerotheca fuliginea Sphaerotheca fuliginea Sphaerotheca fuliginea is a plant pathogen that causes powdery mildew on cucurbits. Sphaerotheca fuliginea and Erysiphe cichoracearum are the two most commonly recorded fungi causing cucurbit powdery mildew. In the past, Erysiphe cichoracearum was considered to be the primary causal organism... Erysiphe cichoracearum Erysiphe cichoracearum Erysiphe cichoracearum is a plant pathogen that causes powdery mildew disease of cucurbits, including melon, cucumber, pumpkin, and squash. The primary symptoms are white, powder-like spots on the leaves and stems. Sphaerotheca fuliginea causes a similar looking powdery mildew of cucurbits.-... |
| Pythium fruit rot (cottony leak) | Pythium Pythium Pythium is a genus of parasitic oomycete. Most species are plant parasites, but Pythium insidiosum is an important pathogen of animals... spp. |
| Rhizopus soft rot (fruit) | Rhizopus stolonifer Rhizopus nigricans Rhizopus nigricans Rhizopus nigricans is a fungus commonly known as bread mold and is the most common species of Rhizopus. It is found on old food and in soils and even in children's sandboxes. The genus contains some 50 species and bread mold is sometimes confused with species of Mucor or other species of Rhizopus... |
| Scab/gummosis | Cladosporium cucumerinum Cladosporium cucumerinum Cladosporium cucumerinum is a fungal plant pathogen that affects cucumbers.- External links :**... |
| Sclerotinia stem rot | Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a plant pathogenic fungus and can cause a disease called white mold if conditions are correct. S. sclerotiorum can also be known as cottony rot, watery soft rot, stem rot, drop, crown rot and blossom blight... |
| Septoria leaf blight | Septoria cucurbitacearum Septoria cucurbitacearum Septoria cucurbitacearum is a fungal plant pathogen.- External links :* *... |
| Southern blight (Sclerotium fruit and stem rot) | Sclerotium rolfsii Athelia rolfsii Athelia rolfsii Athelia rolfsii is a corticioid fungus in the family Atheliaceae. It is a facultative plant pathogen and is the causal agent of "southern blight" disease in crops.-Taxonomy:... [teleomorph] |
| Sudden wilt | Pythium aphanidermatum Pythium aphanidermatum Pythium aphanidermatum is a plant pathogen.- External links :**... |
| Ulocladium leaf spot | Ulocladium consortiale Ulocladium consortiale Ulocladium consortiale is a fungal plant pathogen, causing disease in caraway seedlings.- External links :* *... |
| Verticillium wilt | Verticillium albo-atrum Verticillium albo-atrum Verticillium albo-atrum is a plant pathogen.-External links:* *... Verticillium dahliae Verticillium dahliae Verticillium dahliae is a fungal plant pathogen. It causes verticillium wilt in many plant species, causing leaves to curl and discolor. It may cause death in some plants.- External links :* *... |
| Web blight | Rhizoctonia solani Rhizoctonia solani Rhizoctonia solani is a plant pathogenic fungus with a wide host range and worldwide distribution. This plant pathogen was discovered more than 100 years ago. Rhizoctonia solani frequently exists as thread-like growth on plants or in culture. Asexual spores are not produced, only the sexual stage... |
Miscellaneous diseases and disorders
| Miscellaneous diseases and disorders |
|
|---|---|
| Air pollution injury | Ozone, sulfur dioxide and others |
| Bitter fruit | Sunburn injury, physiologic stress |
| Blossom end rot | Physiological disorder, calcium deficiency, moisture imbalance |
| Bottle neck of fruit | Incomplete pollination |
| Measles | Physiological disorder, salt toxicity |
| Sandburn | Physiological disorder |
| Sunscald (fruit) | Excessive or intense direct heat/ solar injury |
| Windburn | Physiological disorder |
Nematodes, parasitic
| Nematodes, parasitic |
|
|---|---|
| Dagger, American | Xiphinema americanum Xiphinema americanum Xiphinema americanum is a plant pathogenic nematode. It is one of many species that belongs to the genus Xiphinema. It was first described by N. A. Cobb in 1913, who found it on both sides of the United States on the roots of grass, corn, and citrus trees. Not only is Xiphinema americanum known to... |
| Lesion | Pratylenchus Pratylenchus Pratylenchus is a genus of plant-parasitic nematodes responsible for root lesions on many plant hosts in temperate regions around the world. Lesion nematodes are migratory endoparasites that enter the host root for feeding and reproduction and move freely through or out of the root tissue. They do... spp. |
| Pin | Paratylenchus Paratylenchus Paratylenchus is a genus of nematodes . Many of the species in this genus are plant pathogens.... spp. |
| Reniform | Rotylenchulus reniformis Rotylenchulus reniformis -History and significance:Rotylenchulus reniformis is a plant parasite nematode with a worldwide distribution in the tropical and subtropical regions. This nematode has a wide host range infecting plants in many species around the word. It belongs to the Family Hoplolaimidae; it was first... |
| Ring | Circonemella spp. |
| Root-knot | Meloidogyne spp. |
| Spiral | Helicotylenchus Helicotylenchus Helicotylenchus is a genus of nematodes in the family Hoplolaimidae.-Diagnosis:Hoplolaimidae. Female : Body vermiform, spiral to straight. Labial region continuous to slightly offset, rounded or anteriorly flattened, generally annulated but never longitudinally striated; anterior lip annulus... spp. |
| Sting | Belonolaimus longicaudatus Belonolaimus longicaudatus Belonolaimus longicaudatus is a common parasite of grasses and other plant crops and products. It is the most destructive nematode pest of turf grass, and it also attacks a wide range of fruit, vegetable, and fiber crops such as citrus, cotton, ornamentals, and forage. The sting nematode is a... |
| Stubby-root | Paratrichodorus minor Paratrichodorus minor Paratrichodorus minor is a plant pathogenic nematode. It is a surface feeder type of migratory ectoparasite.- External links :*... |
| Stunt | Tylenchorhynchus claytoni Tylenchorhynchus claytoni Tylenchorhynchus claytoni is a plant pathogenic nematode.- External links :*... |