List of Ministers-President of Austria
Encyclopedia
The Minister-President was the head of government of the Austrian Habsburg Monarchy
from 1821, when the office of a State Chancellor was created by Emperor Francis I of Habsburg
for Prince Klemens Wenzel von Metternich in 1821, until the abolition of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy in November 1918. The office of an Austrian Minister-President
comparable to that of a prime minister
was officially established in the course of the Revolutions of 1848
.
After the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867, the office was divided between the Foreign Minister
as head of the common k. u. k. Ministers' Council, and the Ministers-President of the Cisleithania
n (Austrian) and Transleithanian (Hungarian) parts.
The head of government in Austria
since 1918/1920 has been the Federal Chancellor
, except for the seven years following the Anschluss
in 1938.
Habsburg Monarchy
The Habsburg Monarchy covered the territories ruled by the junior Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg , and then by the successor House of Habsburg-Lorraine , between 1526 and 1867/1918. The Imperial capital was Vienna, except from 1583 to 1611, when it was moved to Prague...
from 1821, when the office of a State Chancellor was created by Emperor Francis I of Habsburg
Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor
Francis II was the last Holy Roman Emperor, ruling from 1792 until 6 August 1806, when he dissolved the Empire after the disastrous defeat of the Third Coalition by Napoleon at the Battle of Austerlitz...
for Prince Klemens Wenzel von Metternich in 1821, until the abolition of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy in November 1918. The office of an Austrian Minister-President
Minister-President
A minister-president is the head of government in a number of European countries or subnational governments, in which a parliamentary or semi-presidential system of government prevails, who presides over the council of ministers...
comparable to that of a prime minister
Prime minister
A prime minister is the most senior minister of cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. In many systems, the prime minister selects and may dismiss other members of the cabinet, and allocates posts to members within the government. In most systems, the prime...
was officially established in the course of the Revolutions of 1848
Revolutions of 1848 in the Habsburg areas
From March 1848 through July 1849, the Habsburg Austrian Empire was threatened by revolutionary movements. Much of the revolutionary activity was of a nationalist character: the empire, ruled from Vienna, included Austrian Germans, Hungarians, Slovenes, Poles, Czechs, Slovaks, Ruthenians,...
.
After the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867, the office was divided between the Foreign Minister
Foreign Ministry of Austria-Hungary
The Foreign Ministry of Austria-Hungary was the ministry responsible for the foreign relations of the Austro-Hungarian Empire from the formation of the Dual Monarchy in 1867 until it was dissolved in 1918....
as head of the common k. u. k. Ministers' Council, and the Ministers-President of the Cisleithania
Cisleithania
Cisleithania was a name of the Austrian part of Austria-Hungary, the Dual Monarchy created in 1867 and dissolved in 1918. The name was used by politicians and bureaucrats, but it had no official status...
n (Austrian) and Transleithanian (Hungarian) parts.
The head of government in Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
since 1918/1920 has been the Federal Chancellor
Chancellor of Austria
The Federal Chancellor is the head of government in Austria. Its deputy is the Vice-Chancellor. Before 1918, the equivalent office was the Minister-President of Austria. The Federal Chancellor is considered to be the most powerful political position in Austrian politics.-Appointment:The...
, except for the seven years following the Anschluss
Anschluss
The Anschluss , also known as the ', was the occupation and annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany in 1938....
in 1938.
State Chancellor (1821–1848)
- Klemens Wenzel, Prince von Metternich (25 May 1821 – 13 March 1848)
Ministers-President (1848–1852)
- Count Franz Anton von Kolowrat-LiebsteinskyCount Franz Anton von Kolowrat-LiebsteinskyCount Franz Anton von Kolowrat-Liebsteinsky was a Bohemian nobleman and an Austrian statesman.Born in Prague the son of a Bohemian noble family, whose ancestors had already served under Emperor Charles IV of Luxembourg, Franz Anton finished his studies in 1799...
(20 March – 19 April 1848) - Count Karl Ludwig von FicquelmontCount Karl Ludwig von FicquelmontKarl Ludwig Graf von Ficquelmont was an Austrian aristocrat, statesman and general of the Austrian Imperial army of French noble origin.-French nobleman:He was born Gabriel-Charles-Louis-Bonnaventure, Count de Ficquelmont at the Castle of...
(19 April – 19 May 1848) (acting) - Baron Franz von PillersdorfBaron Franz von PillersdorfBaron Franz von Pillersdorf was an Austrian statesman.Born in Brno the son of a judge, Pillersdorf after a legal education in Vienna in 1805 started his public service career in Galicia. In 1807, he returned to Vienna as assistant to the court councilor Baron von Baldacci. This put him in the...
(19 May – 8 July 1848) (acting) - Baron Anton von Doblhoff-DierBaron Anton von Doblhoff-DierBaron Anton von Doblhoff-Dier was an Austrian statesman.Born in Gorizia, he studied law at the University of Vienna and at first entered into civil service. In 1836 he retired to cultivate the manor estate of his uncle at Weikersdorf Castle in Baden, where he excelled in agronomic studies...
(8 July – 18 July 1848) (caretaker governmentCaretaker governmentCaretaker government is a type of government that rules temporarily. A caretaker government is often set up following a war until stable democratic rule can be restored, or installed, in which case it is often referred to as a provisional government...
) - Baron Johann von Wessenberg-AmpringenBaron Johann von Wessenberg-AmpringenBaron Johann von Wessenberg-Ampringen was an Austrian diplomat statesman.Wessenberg was born in Dresden, where his father worked as a tutor to the princes of the electoral House of Wettin. Johann's younger brother Ignaz Heinrich von Wessenberg later chose an ecclesiastical career and in 1801 was...
(18 July – 21 November 1848) - Prince Felix of SchwarzenbergPrince Felix of SchwarzenbergPrinz Felix zu Schwarzenberg was an Austrian statesman who restored the Habsburg Empire as a European power following the disorders of 1848....
(21 November 1848 – 5 April 1852)
Chairmen of the Ministers' Conference (1852-1867)
- Count Karl Ferdinand von Buol (11 April 1852 – 21 August 1859) (informal)
- Count Johann Bernhard von Rechberg und Rothenlöwen (21 August 1859 – 4 February 1861)
- Archduke Rainer FerdinandArchduke Rainer Ferdinand of AustriaArchduke Rainer Ferdinand of Austria was an Austrian prime minister. He was a son of Archduke Rainer Joseph....
(4 February 1861 – 26 June 1865) - Count Alexander von Mensdorff-Pouilly (26 June – 27 July 1865)
- Count Richard BelcrediCount Richard BelcrediCount Richard Belcredi was an Austrian civil servant and statesman....
(27 July 1865 – 7 February 1867) - Count Friedrich Ferdinand von Beust (7 February – 30 December 1867)
Foreign Ministers as Chairmen of the Ministers' Council for Common Affairs
- Count Friedrich Ferdinand von Beust (30 December 1867 - 8 November 1871)
- Gyula AndrássyGyula AndrássyGyula Count Andrássy de Csíkszentkirály et Krasznahorka was a Hungarian statesman, who served as Prime Minister of Hungary and subsequently as Foreign Minister of Austria-Hungary...
(14 November 1871 - 2 October 1879) - Baron Heinrich Karl von Haymerle (8 October 1879 - 10 October 1881)
- Count Gustav Kálnoky (20 November 1881 - 2 May 1895)
- Count Agenor Maria Gołuchowski (16 May 1895 - 24 October 1906)
- Count Alois Lexa von Aehrenthal (24 October 1906 - 17 February 1912)
- Count Leopold Berchtold (17 February 1912 - 13 January 1915)
- Count Stephan Burián von Rajecz (13 January 1915 - 22 December 1916)
- Count Ottokar von Czernin (22 December 1916 - 14 April 1918)
- Count Stephan Burián von Rajecz, again (16 April 1918 - 24 October 1918)
- Gyula Andrássy the YoungerGyula Andrássy the YoungerCount Gyula Andrássy de Csíkszentkirály et Krasznahorka the Younger was a Hungarian politician.The second son of Count Gyula Andrássy, the younger Andrássy became under-secretary in the Sándor Wekerle ministry in 1892; in 1893, he became Minister of Education, and, in June 1894, he was appointed...
: (24 October 1918 - 1 November 1918) - Ludwig von FlotowLudwig von FlotowLudwig von Flotow, since 1919 known simply as Ludwig Flotow was an Austro-Hungarian statesman. He was the last Chairman of the Ministers' Council for Common Affairs, having served from 2 November 1918 until 11 November 1918 .- References :...
(2 November 1918 - 11 November 1918)
Ministers-President of Cisleithania
- Prince Karl of AuerspergPrince Karl of AuerspergKarl of Auersperg was an Austrian statesman and the 8th prince of Auersperg.On the advent of the new constitutional era, in 1861, he became a member of the Upper Chamber of the Reichsrat...
(30 December 1867 – 24 September 1868) - Eduard Taaffe, 11th Viscount TaaffeEduard Taaffe, 11th Viscount TaaffeEduard Franz Joseph, 11th Viscount Taaffe was an Austrian statesman who held a hereditary peerage in the Peerage of Ireland.-Family background and early years:...
(24 September 1868 – 15 January 1870) - Baron Ignaz von PlenerBaron Ignaz von PlenerBaron Ignaz von Plener was an Austrian statesman.He was born in Vienna, studied law, and entered the governmental service. In 1859 he was made Privy Councilor, a year afterward received the portfolio of Finance and revived the Bank Acts and the Ministry of Commerce before his resignation in 1865,...
(15 January – 1 February 1870) - Leopold Hasner von ArthaLeopold Hasner von ArthaLeopold Hasner von Artha was an Austrian civil servant and statesman.- External links :*...
(1 February – 12 April 1870) - Count Alfred Józef PotockiAlfred Józef PotockiCount Alfred Józef Potocki was a Polish nobleman , landowner, politician, monarchist, liberal-conservatist....
(12 April 1870 – 6 February 1871) - Count Karl Sigmund von HohenwartCount Karl Sigmund von HohenwartCount Karl Sigmund von Hohenwart was an Austrian politician who served as Minister-President of Austria in 1871. Hohenwart’s government attempted to implement a Federalist agreement between Bohemia and the governing Austro-Hungarian Empire...
(6 February – 30 October 1871) - Baron Ludwig von HolzgethanBaron Ludwig von HolzgethanLudwig Holzgethan, since 1855 von Holzgethan, since 1865 Baron von Holzgethan was an Austrian statesman.- External links :*...
(30 October – 25 November 1871) - Prince Adolf von Auersperg (28 November 1871 – 15 February 1879)
- Karl Ritter von StremayrKarl Ritter von StremayrKarl Ritter von Stremayr was an Austrian statesman, born at Graz, where he also studied law, entered the government service, and subsequently was Attorney-General and docent at the University.In 1848-49 he was a member of the Frankfurt Parliament...
(15 February – 12 August 1879) - Eduard Taaffe, 11th Viscount TaaffeEduard Taaffe, 11th Viscount TaaffeEduard Franz Joseph, 11th Viscount Taaffe was an Austrian statesman who held a hereditary peerage in the Peerage of Ireland.-Family background and early years:...
, again (12 August 1879 – 11 November 1893) - Alfred III, Prince of Windisch-GrätzAlfred III, Prince of Windisch-GrätzHSH Prince Alfred III of Windisch-Grätz was a Bohemian nobleman and Austro-Hungarian statesman. He was President of the Herrenhaus from 1895 to 1918. He was a Great-Grandfather of HRH Princess Michael of Kent.- External links :* - See also :* Portrait...
(11 November 1893 – 19 June 1895) - Count Erich KielmanseggCount Erich KielmanseggErich Graf von Kielmansegg was an Austrian Minister-President and statesman.-Biography:...
(19 June – 30 September 1895) (caretaker government) - Count Kasimir Felix BadeniCount Kasimir Felix BadeniCount Kasimir Felix Badeni was Minister-President of the Austrian half of the Austro-Hungarian Empire from 1895 until 1897...
(30 September 1895 – 30 November 1897) - Paul Gautsch von Frankenthurn (30 November 1897 – 5 March 1898)
- Franz, Prince of Thun and HohensteinFranz, Prince of Thun and HohensteinCount Franz Anton von Thun und Hohenstein, was an Austro-Hungarian noble and statesman....
(5 March 1898 – 2 October 1899) - Count Manfred von Clary-AldringenCount Manfred von Clary-AldringenCount Manfred von Clary-Aldringen was an Austro-Hungarian nobleman and statesman.-Biography:...
(2 October – 21 December 1899) - Heinrich Ritter von WittekHeinrich Ritter von WittekHeinrich Ritter von Wittek was an Austrian and statesman.- References :* - See also :* Portrait...
(21 December 1899 – 18 January 1900) (caretaker government) - Ernest von Koerber (19 January 1900 – 31 December 1904)
- Paul Gautsch von Frankenthurn, again (31 December 1904 – 2 May 1906)
- Prince Konrad of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-SchillingsfürstPrince Konrad of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-SchillingsfürstPrince Konrad zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst was an Austrian statesman.-External links :* * - See also :* Konstantin zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst...
(2 May – 2 June 1906) - Baron Max Wladimir von BeckBaron Max Wladimir von BeckBaron Max Wladimir von Beck was an Austrian and statesman.Baron Max Wladimir von Beck was recently selected as the main motif of an Austrian collectors' coin, the 100 Years of Universal Male Suffrage commemorative coin, minted on January 10, 2007...
(2 June 1906 – 15 November 1908) - Count Richard von Bienerth-SchmerlingCount Richard von Bienerth-SchmerlingBaron Richard von Bienerth, after 1915 Count von Bienerth-Schmeling , was an Austrian statesman.He was the son of the Austrian Lieutenant-Field Marshal Karl von Bienerth and a grandson on his mother's side of the Minister of State and later President of the High Court of Cassation Anton von...
(15 November 1908 – 28 June 1911) - Paul Gautsch von Frankenthurn, again (28 June – 3 November 1911)
- Count Karl von Stürgkh (3 November 1911 – 21 October 1916)
- Ernest von Koerber, again (29 October – 20 December 1916)
- Heinrich Clam-Martinic (20 December 1916 – 23 June 1917)
- Ernst Seidler von FeuchteneggErnst Seidler von FeuchteneggErnst Ritter Seidler von Feuchtenegg was an Austrian politician and statesman. He served as Minister-President of Austria from 1917 until 1918. His daughter was the actress Alma Seidler....
(23 June 1917 – 27 July 1918) - Baron Max Hussarek von Heinlein (27 July – 27 October 1918)
- Heinrich LammaschHeinrich LammaschHeinrich Lammasch was an Austrian jurist. He was a professor of criminal and international law, a member of the Hague Arbitration Tribunal, and served as the last Minister-President of Austria for a few weeks in October and November 1918...
(27 October – 11 November 1918)
Ministers-President of Transleithania
- Gyula AndrássyGyula AndrássyGyula Count Andrássy de Csíkszentkirály et Krasznahorka was a Hungarian statesman, who served as Prime Minister of Hungary and subsequently as Foreign Minister of Austria-Hungary...
(17 February 1867 - 14 November 1871) - Menyhért Lónyay (14 November 1871 - 4 December 1872)
- József SzlávyJózsef SzlávyJózsef Szlávy de Érkenéz et Okány was a Hungarian politician who served as prime minister from 1872 to 1874, as Speaker of the House of Representatives of Hungary from 3 April 1879 to 12 April 1880 and as Speaker of the House of Magnats from 19 September 1894 to 3 October...
(4 December 1872 -1 March 1874) - István BittóIstván BittóCount István Bittó de Sárosfa et Nádasd was a Hungarian politician who served as Speaker of the House of Representatives of Hungary from September 10, 1872 to March 23, 1874 and as Prime Minister of Hungary from 1874 to 1875.-Career:Bittó studied law and entered into a legal...
(1 March 1874 - 2 March 1875) - Béla WenckheimBéla WenckheimBaron Béla Wenckheim was a Hungarian politician who served as prime minister for several months in 1875.- References :...
(2 March 1875 - 20 October 1875) - Kálmán TiszaKálmán TiszaKálmán Tisza de Borosjenő was the Hungarian prime minister between 1875 and 1890. He is credited for the formation of a consolidated Magyar government, the foundation of the new Liberal Party and major economic reforms that would both save and eventually lead to a government with popular...
(20 October 1875 - 13 March 1890) - Gyula SzapáryGyula SzapáryGyula Count Szapáry de Szapár, Muraszombat et Széchy-Sziget was a Hungarian politician who served as Prime Minister of Hungary from 1890 to 1892....
(13 March 1890 - 17 November 1892) - Sándor WekerleSándor WekerleSándor Wekerle was a Hungarian politician who served three times as prime minister.He was born in Mór, in the comitatus of Fejér. His mother was Antónia Szép.After studying law at the University of Budapest he graduated doctor juris...
(17 November 1892 - 14 January 1895) - Dezső BánffyDezso BánffyDezső Baron Bánffy de Losoncz was a Hungarian politician who served as Prime Minister of Hungary from 1895 to 1899.-Biography:...
(14 January 1895 - 26 February 1899) - Kálmán SzéllKálmán SzéllKálmán Széll de Duka et Szentgyörgyvölgy was a Hungarian politician who served as Prime Minister of Hungary from 1899 to 1903.-Political career:...
(26 February 1899 - 27 June 1903) - Károly Khuen-HéderváryKároly Khuen-HéderváryDragutin Károly Khuen-Héderváry, also known as Károly Count Khuen-Héderváry de Hédervár , was a Hungarian politician, the ban of Croatia in the late nineteenth century. He succeeded the temporary reign of Ban Hermann Ramberg in 1883. Khuen's reign was marked by a strong magyarization...
(27 June 1903 - 3 November 1903) - István TiszaIstván TiszaCount István Tisza de Borosjenő et Szeged was a Hungarian politician, prime minister, and member of Hungarian Academy of Sciences....
(3 November 1903 - 18 June 1905) - Géza FejérváryGéza Fejérváry----Géza Baron Fejérváry de Komlós-Keresztes was a Hungarian general who served as the prime minister in a government of bureaucrats appointed by King Franz Joseph during the Hungarian Constitutional Crisis of 1903–1907....
(18 June 1905 - 8 April 1906) - Sándor WekerleSándor WekerleSándor Wekerle was a Hungarian politician who served three times as prime minister.He was born in Mór, in the comitatus of Fejér. His mother was Antónia Szép.After studying law at the University of Budapest he graduated doctor juris...
, again (8 April 1906 - 17 January 1910) - Károly Khuen-HéderváryKároly Khuen-HéderváryDragutin Károly Khuen-Héderváry, also known as Károly Count Khuen-Héderváry de Hédervár , was a Hungarian politician, the ban of Croatia in the late nineteenth century. He succeeded the temporary reign of Ban Hermann Ramberg in 1883. Khuen's reign was marked by a strong magyarization...
, again (17 January 1910 - 22 April 1912) - László LukácsLászló LukácsLászló Lukács de Erzsébetváros was a Hungarian politician who served as prime minister from 1912 to 1913....
(22 April 1912 - 10 June 1913) - István TiszaIstván TiszaCount István Tisza de Borosjenő et Szeged was a Hungarian politician, prime minister, and member of Hungarian Academy of Sciences....
, again (10 June 1913 - 15 June 1917) - Móric EsterházyMóric EsterházyCount Móric Esterházy de Galántha et Fraknó was a Hungarian aristocrat and politician who served as prime minister for a few months during World War I, after the fall of István Tisza...
(15 June 1917 - 20 August 1917) - Sándor WekerleSándor WekerleSándor Wekerle was a Hungarian politician who served three times as prime minister.He was born in Mór, in the comitatus of Fejér. His mother was Antónia Szép.After studying law at the University of Budapest he graduated doctor juris...
, again (20 August 1917 - 31 October 1918) - János HadikJános HadikJános Count Hadik de Futak was a Hungarian politician who served as prime minister for 17 hours starting 30 October 1918, at the end of World War I....
(31 October 1918 - 1 November 1918)
See also
- Chancellor of AustriaChancellor of AustriaThe Federal Chancellor is the head of government in Austria. Its deputy is the Vice-Chancellor. Before 1918, the equivalent office was the Minister-President of Austria. The Federal Chancellor is considered to be the most powerful political position in Austrian politics.-Appointment:The...
- Minister-PresidentMinister-PresidentA minister-president is the head of government in a number of European countries or subnational governments, in which a parliamentary or semi-presidential system of government prevails, who presides over the council of ministers...