A legislative circonscription is a multi-member electoral constituency that elects representatives ('deputies') to Luxembourg

Luxembourg

Luxembourg , officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg , is a landlocked country in western Europe, bordered by Belgium, France, and Germany. It has two principal regions: the Oesling in the North as part of the Ardennes massif, and the Gutland in the south...

's unicameral national legislature

Legislature

A legislature is a kind of deliberative assembly with the power to pass, amend, and repeal laws. The law created by a legislature is called legislation or statutory law. In addition to enacting laws, legislatures usually have exclusive authority to raise or lower taxes and adopt the budget and...

, the Chamber of Deputies

Chamber of Deputies of Luxembourg

The Chamber of Deputies , abbreviated to the Chamber, is the unicameral national legislature of Luxembourg. 'Krautmaart' is sometimes used as a metonym for the Chamber, after the square on which the Hôtel de la Chambre is located....

.

Electoral law in Luxembourg is dictated by Article 51, 52, and 53 of the constitution

Constitution of Luxembourg

The Constitution of Luxembourg is the supreme law of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. The modern constitution was adopted on 17 October 1868.Whilst the constitution of 1868 marked a radical change in Luxembourg's constitutional settlement, it was technically an amendment of the original constitution...

. The number of deputies is set at sixty, and boundaries of the circonscriptions are based on administrative, cantonal

Cantons of Luxembourg

||The districts of Luxembourg are divided into 12 cantons. These cantons are subdivided into 116 communes. The cantons, listed by district, include:Diekirch District*Clervaux *Diekirch *Redange *Vianden *Wiltz Grevenmacher District...

 boundaries. As a result, the circonscriptions have greatly differing populations, so each elects a different number of deputies, dependent upon the share of the national population.

Suffrage

Suffrage

Suffrage, political franchise, or simply the franchise, distinct from mere voting rights, is the civil right to vote gained through the democratic process...

 is universal

Universal suffrage

Universal suffrage consists of the extension of the right to vote to adult citizens as a whole, though it may also mean extending said right to minors and non-citizens...

 and compulsory

Compulsory voting

Compulsory voting is a system in which electors are obliged to vote in elections or attend a polling place on voting day. If an eligible voter does not attend a polling place, he or she may be subject to punitive measures such as fines, community service, or perhaps imprisonment if fines are unpaid...

 amongst adult resident citizens not otherwise disqualified. Luxembourg's electoral system is a form of the Hagenbach-Bischoff System

Hagenbach-Bischoff system

The Hagenbach-Bischoff system is a variant of the D'Hondt method, used for allocating seats in party-list proportional representation. It usually uses the Hagenbach-Bischoff quota for allocating seats, and for any seats remaining the D'Hondt method is then applied so that the first and subsequent...

 (a variant of the d'Hondt method

D'Hondt method

The d'Hondt method is a highest averages method for allocating seats in party-list proportional representation. The method described is named after Belgian mathematician Victor D'Hondt who described it in 1878...

), which allocates seats to party lists by proportion

Proportional representation

Proportional representation is a concept in voting systems used to elect an assembly or council. PR means that the number of seats won by a party or group of candidates is proportionate to the number of votes received. For example, under a PR voting system if 30% of voters support a particular...

 of the votes won in each circonscription. Under Luxembourg's system, each citizen may vote for as many candidates as there are deputies elected from that constituency. As a result, the national popular vote has no significance, as it reflects only the number of votes cast, and not the number of voters or the number of deputies elected.

Circonscriptions

There are four legislative circonscriptions in Luxembourg:

1. Centre
   Circonscription Centre (Luxembourg)
   Circonscription Centre is an electoral constituency for Luxembourg's national legislature, the Chamber of Deputies.It includes the cantons of Luxembourg and Mersch, both of which are in the district of Luxembourg. , Centre has an estimated population of 151,166, or 33% of Luxembourg's total...
   
   includes the cantons of Luxembourg
   Luxembourg (canton)
   Luxembourg, sometimes Luxemburg, is a canton in the south of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, in the Luxembourg District. The capital is Luxembourg City.The canton consists of the following 11 communes:* Bertrange* Contern* Hesperange* Luxembourg...
   
    and Mersch
   Mersch (canton)
   Mersch is a canton in the centre of Luxembourg, in Luxembourg District. The capital is Mersch.The canton consists of the following 11 communes:*Bissen*Boevange-sur-Attert*Colmar-Berg*Fischbach*Heffingen*Larochette*Lintgen*Lorentzweiler*Mersch...
   
   , both of which are in the district of Luxembourg
   Luxembourg (district)
   The District of Luxembourg, sometimes of Luxemburg, is one of three districts of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. It contains four cantons, divided into 47...
   
   . , Centre has an estimated population of 151,166 and elects 21 deputies.
2. Est
   Circonscription Est (Luxembourg)
   Circonscription Est is an electoral constituency for Luxembourg's national legislature, the Chamber of Deputies.It includes the cantons of Echternach, Grevenmacher, and Remich. Its boundaries are coterminous with those of the district of Grevenmacher...
   
   (East) is coterminous with the district of Grevenmacher
   Grevenmacher (district)
   The District of Grevenmacher is one of three districts of Luxembourg. It contains 3 cantons divided into 26 communes:#Echternach#*Beaufort#*Bech#*Berdorf#*Consdorf#*Echternach#*Mompach#*Rosport#*Waldbillig#Grevenmacher#*Betzdorf#*Biwer...
   
   , and includes the cantons of Echternach
   Echternach (canton)
   Echternach is a canton in the east of Luxembourg, in the Grevenmacher District. The capital is Echternach.The canton consists of the following eight communes:*Beaufort*Bech*Berdorf*Consdorf*Echternach*Mompach*Rosport*Waldbillig-See also:...
   
   , Grevenmacher
   Grevenmacher (canton)
   Grevenmacher is a canton in the east of Luxembourg, in the Grevenmacher District. The capital is also called Grevenmacher.The canton of Grevenmacher consists of the following eight communes:*Betzdorf*Biwer*Flaxweiler*Grevenmacher*Junglinster...
   
    and Remich
   Remich (canton)
   Remich is a canton in the east of Luxembourg, in the Grevenmacher District. The capital is Remich.The canton consists of the following 10 communes:*Bous*Burmerange*Dalheim*Lenningen*Mondorf-les-Bains*Remich*Schengen*Stadtbredimus*Waldbredimus...
   
   . , Est has an estimated population of 53,842 and elects 7 deputies.
3. Nord
   Circonscription Nord (Luxembourg)
   Circonscription Nord is an electoral constituency for Luxembourg's national legislature, the Chamber of Deputies.It includes the cantons of Clervaux, Diekirch, Redange, Vianden, and Wiltz. Its boundaries are coterminous with those of the district of Diekirch. , Nord has an estimated population of...
   
   (North) is coterminous with the district of Diekirch
   Diekirch (district)
   The District of Diekirch is one of three districts of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. It contains 5 cantons divided into 43 communes:#Clervaux#*Clervaux#*Consthum#*Heinerscheid#*Hosingen#*Munshausen#*Troisvierges#*Weiswampach#*Wincrange#Diekirch...
   
   , and includes the cantons of Clervaux
   Clervaux (canton)
   Clervaux is a canton in the north of Luxembourg, in the Diekirch District. The capital is Clervaux.The canton consists of the following eight communes:*Clervaux*Consthum*Heinerscheid*Hosingen*Munshausen*Troisvierges*Weiswampach*Wincrange...
   
   , Diekirch
   Diekirch (canton)
   Diekirch is a canton in Luxembourg in Diekirch District, consisting of 12 communes:*Bettendorf*Bourscheid*Diekirch*Ermsdorf*Erpeldange*Ettelbruck*Feulen*Hoscheid*Medernach*Mertzig*Reisdorf*Schieren...
   
   , Redange
   Redange (canton)
   Redange is a canton in the west of Luxembourg, in the Diekirch District. The capital is Redange, otherwise known as Redange-sur-Attert.The canton consists of the following 10 communes:*Beckerich*Ell*Grosbous*Préizerdaul*Rambrouch*Redange*Saeul...
   
   , Vianden
   Vianden (canton)
   Vianden is a canton in the north of Luxembourg, in the Diekirch District. The capital is Vianden.The canton consists of the following 3 communes:*Putscheid*Tandel*ViandenThe canton's land area is currently 78.52 km²...
   
   , and Wiltz
   Wiltz (canton)
   Wiltz is a canton in the north-west of Luxembourg. Its capital is the city of Wiltz. It covers an area of 264.55 km², and it has a population of 12,460. It consists of ten communes:* Boulaide* Esch-sur-Sûre* Eschweiler* Goesdorf* Heiderscheid...
   
   . , Nord has an estimated population of 70,826 and elects 9 deputies.
4. Sud
   Circonscription Sud (Luxembourg)
   Circonscription Sud is an electoral constituency for Luxembourg's national legislature, the Chamber of Deputies.The constituency includes the cantons of Capellen and Esch-sur-Alzette, both of which are in the district of Luxembourg...
   
   (South) includes the cantons of Capellen
   Capellen (canton)
   Capellen is a canton in the south-west of Luxembourg, in the Luxembourg District. The capital is Capellen .The canton consists of the following 11 communes:*Bascharage*Clemency*Dippach*Garnich*Hobscheid*Kehlen*Koerich*Kopstal*Mamer...
   
    and Esch-sur-Alzette
   Esch-sur-Alzette (canton)
   Esch-sur-Alzette is a canton in the south-west of Luxembourg, in Luxembourg District. The capital is Esch-sur-Alzette.The canton consists of the following 14 communes:*Bettembourg*Differdange*Dudelange*Esch-sur-Alzette*Frisange*Kayl*Leudelange...
   
   , both of which are in the district of Luxembourg
   Luxembourg (district)
   The District of Luxembourg, sometimes of Luxemburg, is one of three districts of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. It contains four cantons, divided into 47...
   
   . , Sud has an estimated population of 184,256 and elects 23 deputies.