Landaff, New Hampshire
Encyclopedia
Landaff is a town in Grafton County
, New Hampshire
, United States. As of the 2010 census, the town population was 415.
, chaplain to England's King George III. Originally, however, the land was granted as Whitcherville to James Avery and 60 others on January 31, 1764. But those settlers forfeited their grant by failure to comply with the requirements of the charter, so the territory was re-granted to Dartmouth College
on January 19, 1770.
Settlements were made under the Dartmouth grant. Roads and a mill were built at the expense of the college, and on November 11, 1774, the town was incorporated. After the Revolutionary War
, however, the first grantees successfully claimed that their forfeiture was illegal, so the college had to abandon its title and lose what it had expended in making the settlements.
Landaff was originally much larger than today. It was changed by legislative actions
over the years:
, the town has a total area of 28.5 square miles (73.8 km²), of which 28.4 sq mi (73.6 km²) is land and 0.1 sq mi (0.258998811 km²) is water, comprising 0.25% of the town. The highest point in Landaff is the summit of Moody Ledge, at 2326 feet (709 m) above sea level
. The Ammonoosuc River
defines part of the northwestern boundary of the town, and the Wild Ammonoosuc River
flows through the southern part of the town. Landaff lies fully within the Connecticut River
watershed
.
The southern half of the town is in the White Mountain National Forest
, accessible via Cobble Hill Trail and Ore Hill Trail from the north. Natural features of Landaff include many viewsheds, mountain summits, wetlands, undeveloped woodland and farm land. The main bodies of water in town are Chandler Pond, Jericho Pond and Gordon Pond.
As of the census
of 2000, there were 378 people, 154 households, and 107 families residing in the town. The population density
was 13.3 people per square mile (5.1/km²). There were 214 housing units at an average density of 7.5 per square mile (2.9/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 96.56% White, 0.26% Native American, and 3.17% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.79% of the population.
There were 154 households out of which 29.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.7% were married couples
living together, 6.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.9% were non-families. 21.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 2.88.
In the town the population was spread out with 23.8% under the age of 18, 5.6% from 18 to 24, 27.0% from 25 to 44, 28.8% from 45 to 64, and 14.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females there were 93.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.9 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $41,964, and the median income for a family was $48,500. Males had a median income of $35,156 versus $23,438 for females. The per capita income
for the town was $18,033. About 6.9% of families and 7.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.7% of those under age 18 and 12.9% of those age 65 or over.
Grafton County, New Hampshire
Grafton County is a county located in the U.S. state of New Hampshire. As of the 2010 census, the population was 89,118. Its county seat is North Haverhill, which is a village within the town of Haverhill. Until 1972, the county courthouse and other offices were located in downtown Woodsville, a...
, New Hampshire
New Hampshire
New Hampshire is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. The state was named after the southern English county of Hampshire. It is bordered by Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Atlantic Ocean to the east, and the Canadian...
, United States. As of the 2010 census, the town population was 415.
History
The name on the town charter is Llandaff, after the Bishop of LlandaffBishop of Llandaff
The Bishop of Llandaff is the Ordinary of the Church in Wales Diocese of Llandaff.-Area of authority:The diocese covers most of the County of Glamorgan. The Bishop's seat is located in the Cathedral Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul , in the village of Llandaff, just north-west of the City of...
, chaplain to England's King George III. Originally, however, the land was granted as Whitcherville to James Avery and 60 others on January 31, 1764. But those settlers forfeited their grant by failure to comply with the requirements of the charter, so the territory was re-granted to Dartmouth College
Dartmouth College
Dartmouth College is a private, Ivy League university in Hanover, New Hampshire, United States. The institution comprises a liberal arts college, Dartmouth Medical School, Thayer School of Engineering, and the Tuck School of Business, as well as 19 graduate programs in the arts and sciences...
on January 19, 1770.
Settlements were made under the Dartmouth grant. Roads and a mill were built at the expense of the college, and on November 11, 1774, the town was incorporated. After the Revolutionary War
American Revolutionary War
The American Revolutionary War , the American War of Independence, or simply the Revolutionary War, began as a war between the Kingdom of Great Britain and thirteen British colonies in North America, and ended in a global war between several European great powers.The war was the result of the...
, however, the first grantees successfully claimed that their forfeiture was illegal, so the college had to abandon its title and lose what it had expended in making the settlements.
Landaff was originally much larger than today. It was changed by legislative actions
New Hampshire General Court
The General Court of New Hampshire is the bicameral state legislature of the U.S. state of New Hampshire. The lower house is the New Hampshire House of Representatives with 400 members. The upper house is the New Hampshire Senate with 24 members...
over the years:
- On July 2, 1845, it gained a small tract from the then-adjoining town of LincolnLincoln, New HampshireLincoln is a town in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States. It is the second-largest town by area in New Hampshire. The population was 1,662 at the 2010 census. The town is home to the New Hampshire Highland Games and to a portion of Franconia Notch State Park. Set in the White Mountains,...
.
- On June 23, 1859, all of Landaff lying northwest of the Ammonoosuc RiverAmmonoosuc RiverThe Ammonoosuc River is a river, 55 mi long, in northwestern New Hampshire in the United States. It is a tributary of the Connecticut River, which flows to Long Island Sound. "Ammonoosuc" is Abnaki for "small, narrow fishing place"....
was annexed to the town of LisbonLisbon, New HampshireLisbon is a town in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 1,595 at the 2010 census. Lisbon hosts an annual "Lilac Festival" on Memorial Day weekend....
.
- On July 20, 1876, the town was divided, with the eastern half becoming the town of EastonEaston, New HampshireEaston is a town in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 254 at the 2010 census.- History :Formed from a part of Landaff known as Eastern Landaff, Easton was incorporated in 1876....
.
Geography
According to the United States Census BureauUnited States Census Bureau
The United States Census Bureau is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census. It also gathers other national demographic and economic data...
, the town has a total area of 28.5 square miles (73.8 km²), of which 28.4 sq mi (73.6 km²) is land and 0.1 sq mi (0.258998811 km²) is water, comprising 0.25% of the town. The highest point in Landaff is the summit of Moody Ledge, at 2326 feet (709 m) above sea level
Sea level
Mean sea level is a measure of the average height of the ocean's surface ; used as a standard in reckoning land elevation...
. The Ammonoosuc River
Ammonoosuc River
The Ammonoosuc River is a river, 55 mi long, in northwestern New Hampshire in the United States. It is a tributary of the Connecticut River, which flows to Long Island Sound. "Ammonoosuc" is Abnaki for "small, narrow fishing place"....
defines part of the northwestern boundary of the town, and the Wild Ammonoosuc River
Wild Ammonoosuc River
The Wild Ammonoosuc River is a tributary of the Ammonoosuc River, about long, in northwestern New Hampshire in the United States. Via the Ammonoosuc River, it is part of the watershed of the Connecticut River, which flows to Long Island Sound....
flows through the southern part of the town. Landaff lies fully within the Connecticut River
Connecticut River
The Connecticut River is the largest and longest river in New England, and also an American Heritage River. It flows roughly south, starting from the Fourth Connecticut Lake in New Hampshire. After flowing through the remaining Connecticut Lakes and Lake Francis, it defines the border between the...
watershed
Drainage basin
A drainage basin is an extent or an area of land where surface water from rain and melting snow or ice converges to a single point, usually the exit of the basin, where the waters join another waterbody, such as a river, lake, reservoir, estuary, wetland, sea, or ocean...
.
The southern half of the town is in the White Mountain National Forest
White Mountain National Forest
The White Mountain National Forest is a federally-managed forest contained within the White Mountains in the northeastern United States. It was established in 1918 as a result of the Weeks Act of 1911; federal acquisition of land had already begun in 1914. It has a total area of...
, accessible via Cobble Hill Trail and Ore Hill Trail from the north. Natural features of Landaff include many viewsheds, mountain summits, wetlands, undeveloped woodland and farm land. The main bodies of water in town are Chandler Pond, Jericho Pond and Gordon Pond.
Wildlife
Landaff is home to numerous species of wildlife. Black bear, moose, white-tail deer, beaver, eastern turkey, and coyote are among the animals living in the thousands of open acres, as well as ruffed grouse and other upland birds.Recreation
Outdoor recreational opportunities abound for hunting, fishing, cross-country skiing, snowshoeing, hiking, nature observation and snowmobiling.Demographics
Census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
of 2000, there were 378 people, 154 households, and 107 families residing in the town. The population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...
was 13.3 people per square mile (5.1/km²). There were 214 housing units at an average density of 7.5 per square mile (2.9/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 96.56% White, 0.26% Native American, and 3.17% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.79% of the population.
There were 154 households out of which 29.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.7% were married couples
Marriage
Marriage is a social union or legal contract between people that creates kinship. It is an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually intimate and sexual, are acknowledged in a variety of ways, depending on the culture or subculture in which it is found...
living together, 6.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.9% were non-families. 21.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 2.88.
In the town the population was spread out with 23.8% under the age of 18, 5.6% from 18 to 24, 27.0% from 25 to 44, 28.8% from 45 to 64, and 14.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females there were 93.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.9 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $41,964, and the median income for a family was $48,500. Males had a median income of $35,156 versus $23,438 for females. The per capita income
Per capita income
Per capita income or income per person is a measure of mean income within an economic aggregate, such as a country or city. It is calculated by taking a measure of all sources of income in the aggregate and dividing it by the total population...
for the town was $18,033. About 6.9% of families and 7.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.7% of those under age 18 and 12.9% of those age 65 or over.