Künzelsau
Encyclopedia
Künzelsau[p] is a town in Baden-Württemberg
Baden-Württemberg
Baden-Württemberg is one of the 16 states of Germany. Baden-Württemberg is in the southwestern part of the country to the east of the Upper Rhine, and is the third largest in both area and population of Germany's sixteen states, with an area of and 10.7 million inhabitants...

, in south central Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...

. It is the capital of the Hohenlohe district
Hohenlohe (district)
The Hohenlohekreis is a district in the north of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are Neckar-Odenwald, Main-Tauber, Schwäbisch Hall and Heilbronn.Künzelsau is the administration centre of the district....

. It is located on the river Kocher
Kocher
The Kocher is a 168 km long right tributary of the Neckar in the north-eastern part of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The name "Kocher" originates from its Celtic name "cochan" and probably means winding, meandering river. The Kocher rises in the eastern foothills of the Swabian Alb from two karst...

, 19 km (12 mi) north of Schwäbisch Hall
Schwäbisch Hall
Schwäbisch Hall is a town in the German state of Baden-Württemberg and capital of the district of Schwäbisch Hall. The town is located in the valley of the river Kocher in the north-eastern part of Baden-Württemberg....

, and 37 km (23 mi) northeast of Heilbronn
Heilbronn
Heilbronn is a city in northern Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is completely surrounded by Heilbronn County and with approximately 123.000 residents, it is the sixth-largest city in the state....

.

Geography

The city of Künzelsau is located, at elevation 210–435 m (689–1,427.2 ft), along the Kocher
Kocher
The Kocher is a 168 km long right tributary of the Neckar in the north-eastern part of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The name "Kocher" originates from its Celtic name "cochan" and probably means winding, meandering river. The Kocher rises in the eastern foothills of the Swabian Alb from two karst...

 River, a right tributary of the Neckar
Neckar
The Neckar is a long river, mainly flowing through the southwestern state of Baden-Württemberg, but also a short section through Hesse, in Germany. The Neckar is a major right tributary of the River Rhine...

 River, some 40 km east (25 mi) of Heilbronn. The city is, after Öhringen
Öhringen
Öhringen is the largest city in Hohenlohe in the state of Baden-Württemberg, in southwest Germany, near Heilbronn. Öhringen is on the railways to Schwäbisch Hall and Crailsheim.With a population of 22,745 , the city is diverse...

, the second largest city of the Hohenlohe district, whose seat it is.

The Hohenlohe district was created on 1 January 1973 by merging the former districts of Künzelsau (KÜN) and Öhringen (ÖHR). The city of Künzelsau thus retained being the district seat, so that the license plate number still uses KÜN. Künzelsau is one of seven centers in the region Heilbronn-Franken within the administrative district of Stuttgart
Stuttgart
Stuttgart is the capital of the state of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. The sixth-largest city in Germany, Stuttgart has a population of 600,038 while the metropolitan area has a population of 5.3 million ....

.

City arrangement

The city of Künzelsau is located in the valley (elevation 218 m) and is surrounded by the higher-lying towns: Amrichshausen (401 m), Belsenberg (256 m) (with the parts Rodachshof and Siegelhof), Gaisbach (381 m) (with the hamlets Etzlinsweiler, Haag, Kemmeten, Oberhof, Unterhof and Weckhof and the farmstead Schnaihof), Garnberg (404 m), Kocherstetten (254 m) (with hamlet Schloß Stetten and farmsteads Bienenhof and Buchenmühle), Laßbach (with villages Mäusdorf and Vogelsberg and 3 farmsteads Falkenhof, Kügelhof and Rappoldsweiler Hof) (435 m), Morsbach (223 m), Nagelsberg (312 m), Nitzenhausen (431 m) (with hamlets Berndshausen and Sonnhofen), Ohrenbach (430 m), Steinbach (412 m) (with 3 hamlets Büttelbronn, Ohrenbach and Wolfsölden) - the data in each case in meters above sea level. Belonging to Künzelsau before the municipal reform of the 1970s were: the city Künzelsau, the villages of Garnberg and Nagelberg, and residential places Gaisbacher Rank and Hofratsmühle.

In the urban area of Künzelsau are several assigned areas (to former municipalities assigned): Neugreut to Amrichshausen, chapel of the Holy Cross to Belsenberg, Hefenhofen, Herborten, Steinbach, Gackstatt and Schupperg to Gaisbach, Baldehofen, Kronhofen, Webern, Wartturm of the Burg Zarge to Künzelsau, Alosweiler, Bole oder Bohel, Hitels (in Vogelsberg), Schätzlinshof and Schlothof to Laßbach, the named Heidenschlößchen to Morsbach, as well as Holderbach, Dörrenhof, Klingen and Wilhelmshaus to Steinbach
[2].

The district area is 75.17 km, including all parts of the city square.

History

It was first documented in the year 1098 as Künzelsau. Until 1802, the city was under a Ganerbengemeinschaft, which consisted of a varying number of members. In 1806 Künzelsau came with the Principality of Hohenlohe to the Kingdom of Württemberg. In 1811 Künzelsau seat of the same upper office (since 1938: Künzelsau District). In 1892, the station was inaugurated in Künzelsau.

In 1948, L. Hermann produced the clothes factory (now the Mustang apparel Werke GmbH + Co. KG), the first jeans in Germany.

With the district reform, the former county town of the district Künzelsau, became in 1973, county seat of the new Hohenlohe district, which includes the old-district Öhringen
Öhringen
Öhringen is the largest city in Hohenlohe in the state of Baden-Württemberg, in southwest Germany, near Heilbronn. Öhringen is on the railways to Schwäbisch Hall and Crailsheim.With a population of 22,745 , the city is diverse...

 and a small part of the old-district Buchen.

Religions

The Protestant Reformation
Protestant Reformation
The Protestant Reformation was a 16th-century split within Western Christianity initiated by Martin Luther, John Calvin and other early Protestants. The efforts of the self-described "reformers", who objected to the doctrines, rituals and ecclesiastical structure of the Roman Catholic Church, led...

 was introduced to Künzelsau in 1556. The city is therefore predominantly Protestant. It has been the seat of the 1824/25 move here from Ingelfingen Dean of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Württemberg (see Church District Künzelsau). Evangelical churches are in Belsenberg, Kocherstetten, Künzelsau and Morsbach, including most Protestants of the other districts. Only the Protestants of the districts Berndshausen, Nitzenhausen and Wolf Sölden belong to the church community Buchenbach (community Mulfingen).

The formerly independent Catholic parishes of Künzelsau, Nagelsberg, Kupferzell and Amrichshausen have been combined to the pastoral care unit of Künzelsau.

Besides the two large churches in Künzelsau, a New Apostolic Church (with churches in Künzelsau Gaisbach) are a congregation of Jehovah's Witnesses
Jehovah's Witnesses
Jehovah's Witnesses is a millenarian restorationist Christian denomination with nontrinitarian beliefs distinct from mainstream Christianity. The religion reports worldwide membership of over 7 million adherents involved in evangelism, convention attendance of over 12 million, and annual...

 (Kingdom Hall in Gaisbach), a Greek Orthodox church, the Pentecostal-charismatic missionary community committed Christian from the Federation of Pentecostal Churches, and other Christian denominations are represented.

After the entry of Jews in the 14th Century, and evidence of a historic Jewish cemetery in Künzelsau created a modern Jewish community in Künzelsau until the late 19th Century, especially by the influx of Jews from Nagelberg. The Jewish community was first called "Nagelberg-Künzelsau", then "Künzelsau-Nagelberg" and finally from 1900 as "Künzelsau", thus the name of the walk Nagelberg to Künzelsau is documented. In 1907, the Künzelsau synagogue was opened, which was destroyed during the November Pogrom of 1938.[3] The town became extinct during the persecution of Jews at the time of National Socialism. Some community members were able to emigrate, but the majority came in the course of the deportation of German Jews to death camps. Only the merchant Sigbert Baer outlasted the time of the Third Reich in Künzelsau.

Population development

Year 1800 1830 1910 1939 1951 1960 1981 1998 2000 2005
Population 2000 2500 3067 3950 5250 7,605 11,565 14,125 14,819 15,032

Annexations

  • 1 April 1912: Garnberg
  • 1 October 1937: Nagelsberg
  • 1 January 1972: Amrichshausen, Belsenberg, Kocherstetten, Laßbach, Nitzenhausen and Steinbach
  • 1 April 1972: Gaisbach
  • 1 January 1973: Morsbach
  • 1 January 1977: Ort Sonnhofen

Politics

Town council

The Kommunalwahl for 2009 had the following seats, as pecentages in the town council:
CDU  35.4 % -4.6 9 seats -5
UBK 27.0 % +3.8 7 seats -1
SPD  23.0 % +4.1 6 seats ±0
Die Freien  14.6 % -3.2 4 seats -2
Andere 0.0 % -2.8 0 seats ±0


Through the abolition of loggerheads in local elections, the council was reduced from 34 to 26 seats.

Mayor

The mayor is directly elected for eight years. In the 2010 election, Stefan Neumann won. He replaced Volker Lenz on 1 September 2010, who had served since 1986.

Coat of arms and flag

The blazon of Kuenzel Auer coat of arms is: on an azure background, a silver plate, with the bearded golden head of John the Baptist
John the Baptist
John the Baptist was an itinerant preacher and a major religious figure mentioned in the Canonical gospels. He is described in the Gospel of Luke as a relative of Jesus, who led a movement of baptism at the Jordan River...

. The city flag is blue and white.

The severed head of John the Baptist, Patron of the Church of Künzelsau, was first used on seals of Künzelsau starting in 1525. The colors of the flag were probably set in the 18th or 19 Century.

Sister cities

Künzelsau has, since 1992, developed partnerships with the city Marcali
Marcali
Marcali is a town in Somogy county, Hungary.- External links :* *...

 in Hungary
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...

.

Transport

The main traffic artery of Künzelsau is federal highway B 19, which comes from the northern town of Bad Mergentheim through the Künzelsau district of Nagelberg to the Kocher, crosses Künzelsau, climbs out of the valley leaves again and then runs via Künzelsau-south towards Schwäbisch Hall and Gaildorf. In the southern neighboring community of Kupferzell, the B 19 connects to the Autobahn A 6
Bundesautobahn 6
, also known as Via Carolina is a 477 km long German autobahn. It starts at the French border near Saarbrücken in the west and end at the Czech border near Waidhaus in the east....

 to Heilbronn to the west and to Nuremberg to the east. Künzelsau is connected by state and district roads with the places in the Kocher valley and the surrounding plateaus.

Künzelsau is no longer connected to the railway network. The city had acquired a connection to the rail system in 1892. When the Royal Württemberg State Railways
Royal Württemberg State Railways
The Royal Württemberg State Railways were the state railways of the Kingdom of Württemberg between 1843 and 1920...

 opened the Kocher Valley Railway from Waldenburg to Künzelsau, it also built a station in Haag with a type I entrance building
Standardized railway station (Württemberg)
The standardized railway station was a type of station constructed primarily on branch lines for the Royal Württemberg State Railways. Between 1892 and approximately 1903, 59 such stations were constructed in Württemberg in three different versions....

. The line was extended to Forchtenberg in 1924, giving Nagelberg a railway connection. In 1981, passenger services to Hohenlohe were closed in 1991, and this was followed by total closure of the line. Much of the former railway line was converted to a paved bike path that leads up to the level of Hohenlohe. As the end of 2008, it was announced that reopening of the railway section between Künzelsau and Waldenburg
Waldenburg, Baden-Württemberg
Waldenburg is a hilltop town in south central Germany, eastwards of Heilbronn in the Hohenlohe of Baden-Württemberg. The town is the site of Waldenburg Castle and some hilltop churches...

 was being examined as part of the Heilbronn Stadtbahn.

Since 1999, in town, the Künzelsauer Bergbahn funicular railway
Funicular
A funicular, also known as an inclined plane or cliff railway, is a cable railway in which a cable attached to a pair of tram-like vehicles on rails moves them up and down a steep slope; the ascending and descending vehicles counterbalance each other.-Operation:The basic principle of funicular...

 has connected the main housing Taläcker in the Hohenlohe level with the core city Kocher.

Local businesses

Künzelsau is home to several global companies of the sectors assembly parts (distributors), ventilation systems, support equipment and textiles (jeans).
  • Würth Group, Assembly Technology
  • Berner AG, supplies and tools for industry and trade
  • Mustang apparel Werke GmbH + Co. KG
  • P + V GmbH, precision and connection technology
  • STAHL GmbH, conveying
  • Ziehl-Abegg AG, Electrical
  • Rosenberg is, air-conditioning / ventilation


The savings bank of Hohenlohe district is based in Künzelsau, and Volksbank Hohenlohe here operates a main office. In addition, other national banks maintain branches in Künzelsau.

Viticulture

In Künzelsau, wine production is operated on a small scale. The local region belongs to the main region Kocherberg in the Jagst-Kocher-Tauber area. A few have Belsenberg with the plan of Heilig Kreuz.

Courts and agencies

Künzelsau has a district court, which belongs to the District Court of Heilbronn and the Higher Regional Court of Stuttgart
Stuttgart
Stuttgart is the capital of the state of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. The sixth-largest city in Germany, Stuttgart has a population of 600,038 while the metropolitan area has a population of 5.3 million ....

.

The city is home to the church district Künzelsau, the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Württemberg, and the Hohenlohe deanery of Rottenburg-Stuttgart.

The fire department of Künzelsau acts as base for firefighters in their surrounding communities Ingelfingen, Kupferzell, Mulfingen, Niedernhall and Weißbach, as well as the Hohenlohe industrial park in Waldenburg
Waldenburg, Baden-Württemberg
Waldenburg is a hilltop town in south central Germany, eastwards of Heilbronn in the Hohenlohe of Baden-Württemberg. The town is the site of Waldenburg Castle and some hilltop churches...

. It provides for large fires on the plan and has major technical assistance. In addition, it provides special services for the entire Hohenlohe district.

Education

Before the gates of Künzelsau, in the district of Hofratsmühle, located since 1988, there is a branch of the University of Heilbronn, with the departments of electrical engineering
Electrical engineering
Electrical engineering is a field of engineering that generally deals with the study and application of electricity, electronics and electromagnetism. The field first became an identifiable occupation in the late nineteenth century after commercialization of the electric telegraph and electrical...

, industrial engineering
Industrial engineering
Industrial engineering is a branch of engineering dealing with the optimization of complex processes or systems. It is concerned with the development, improvement, implementation and evaluation of integrated systems of people, money, knowledge, information, equipment, energy, materials, analysis...

, business studies and media, product, customer management, business administration, sports, cultural and free time management, and since the winter semester 2007/2008, of energy management. About 1300 students (SS 06) come to study here at the present. In 2005, the College was renamed the Reinhold Würth University of the University of Heilbronn.

The city of Künzelsau is the provider of basic and secondary school in Künzelsau. There are four primary schools in the districts Amrichshausen, Gaisbach (Reinhold-Würth-Schule), Kocherstetten und Taläcker, Georg-Wagner-secondary school, the Brothers Grimm School (special school) and Ganerben of the Gymnasium. The Hohenlohe district has been awarded the Geschwister-Scholl-Schule (school for mentally disabled), the Erich-Kästner-Schule (school for speech impaired) and the three professional schools: Gewerbliche Schule, Kaufmännische Schule and Hauswirtschaftliche Schule (Karoline-Breitinger-Schule).

The state of Baden-Württemberg became recipient of the Schloss-gymnasium, a postgraduate school with boarding. There is also a public high school and a youth music school.

The Würth Group, in the school year 2006/2007, opened a private school named Freie Schule Anne-Sophie (named after a childhood deceased daughter of Bettina Würth). The full-day operation will be taught students in grades one through eight. An extension to the class ten is provided. In the section Taläcker, during the 2008/2009 school year, a private school operated.

Sports and leisure facilities

The Kocher
Kocher
The Kocher is a 168 km long right tributary of the Neckar in the north-eastern part of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The name "Kocher" originates from its Celtic name "cochan" and probably means winding, meandering river. The Kocher rises in the eastern foothills of the Swabian Alb from two karst...

 is the only river open for swimming in Baden-Wuerttemberg. The sports facilities in "Prübling" offer the sports stadium, a barn, tennis courts and gym. Soccer fields are located in different areas. On the southwestern ridge of Künzelsau, near the residential area got its fair, there are fitness and nature trails.

Museums

The Würth Museum in the district and the Gaisbach Hirschwirtscheuer in the city are devoted to contemporary art. The Hohenlohe Art Association also operates an art gallery since November 2008 at the Kocher bridge.
In 2007 was the 75th anniversary of a museum for the future of the Mustang apparel Werke GmbH & Co. KG was established in Founders House.

Structures

The Old Town Hall from the 16th Century was built on the Künsbach.

Located at Keltergasse 63 is the home of the writer Hermann Lenz
Hermann Lenz
Hermann Karl Lenz[p] was a German writer of poetry, fiction stories, and novels. A major part of his work includes 10 volumes in a semi-autobiographical novel cycle about the alter-ego figure "Eugen Rapp"[p]. In the 1970s he published the 7-volume Schwäbische Chronik .Lenz had been a German POW in...

. The building dates from the 18th Century.

Youth facilities

At the old train station is the youth cutural-society Kokolores. Other rooms in the same building are used by the Youth Council Künzelsau and a branch of the music school. Near the fire station of Künzelsau is the Jugendzentrum (youth center). In the town section Taläcker, there is a youth block house.

Notable residents

  • Johann Heinrich Schüle (1720–1811), inventor
  • Karl Hirzel (1808–1874), classical philosopher
  • Adolf Hirzel (1809–1898), politician
  • August Beyer (1834–1899), master builder
  • Karoline Breitinger (1851–1932), first female doctor of Württembergs
  • Wilhelm Schmid
    Wilhelm Schmid (scholar)
    Wilhelm Schmid was a German classical scholar, born at Künzelsau. After studies at the universities of Tübingen and Strassburg he taught at Tübingen and became professor there in 1893...

     (1859–1951), classical philosopher
  • Georg Albrecht (1881–1964), historian
  • Georg Wagner (1885–1972), geologist
  • Hermann Lenz
    Hermann Lenz
    Hermann Karl Lenz[p] was a German writer of poetry, fiction stories, and novels. A major part of his work includes 10 volumes in a semi-autobiographical novel cycle about the alter-ego figure "Eugen Rapp"[p]. In the 1970s he published the 7-volume Schwäbische Chronik .Lenz had been a German POW in...

     (1913–1998), writer, poet
  • Walter Haeussermann
    Walter Haeussermann
    Walter Haeussermann was a German-American aerospace engineer and member of the "von Braun rocket group", both at Peenemünde and later at Marshall Space Flight Center, where he was the director of the guidance and control laboratory...

     (1914–2010), aerospace engineer, Team Wernher von Braun
    Wernher von Braun
    Wernher Magnus Maximilian, Freiherr von Braun was a German rocket scientist, aerospace engineer, space architect, and one of the leading figures in the development of rocket technology in Nazi Germany during World War II and in the United States after that.A former member of the Nazi party,...

  • Ludwig Bauer (*1923), German soldier in World War II
    World War II
    World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...

     who received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross
    Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross
    The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was a grade of the 1939 version of the 1813 created Iron Cross . The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was the highest award of Germany to recognize extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership during World War II...

     for bravery
  • Albert Berner (* 1935), founder of Albert Berner GmbH
  • Hans Wall (* 1942), founder of Wall AG
  • Eberhard Gienger
    Eberhard Gienger
    Eberhard Gienger is a German politician and former gymnast. The Gienger salto is named after him. He competed at the 1972 and 1976 Summer Olympics.- Weblinks :...

     (* 1951), politician (CDU), MdB
  • Alexander Gerst
    Alexander Gerst
    Alexander Gerst is a European Space Agency astronaut having been selected in 2009 to undergo training. He studied at the University of Karlsruhe, Germany, where he received a university degree in physics. He also studied Earth Science at Victoria University of Wellington in New Zealand, where he...

    (* 1976), geophysicist, ESA-Astronautenteams
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