Kuloy
Encyclopedia
Kuloy is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement
) in Velsky District
of Arkhangelsk Oblast
, Russia
, located on the Kuloy River
, 570 kilometres (354.2 mi) from Arkhangelsk
and 24 kilometres (14.9 mi) from Velsk, the administrative center of the district. Area: ~11000 square kilometre. Population:
of the North Pechora Railway was opened. The station was necessary to access the work camp building the railway. The railway was built using forced labor by political prisoners, causing many deaths due to low safety and general health of workers. There were four men and one women work camp in Kuloy.
Work conditions were extremely severe. The workers had to build their own ovens, get warm by standing near cast iron and write letters for their friends and family on pieces of newspapers. They made the ink to write by mixing coal residue with kerosene. In 1944, barracks were built to be used as dormitories for workers. Working on the railway was deemed voluntary, but the discipline and surveillance was organized by the military.
Status of urban-type settlement was granted to Kuloy on March 20, 1945.
In 2004, near the village of Priluki, located 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) from Kuloy, a graveyard of political prisoners of Sevdvinlag was found. The deceased were people who died at the infirmary, located 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) away.
People used to live and work under harsh conditions. At that time there were no seniors or children inhabiting Kuloy. As late as August 1944, a kindergarten and the first grade of an elementary school were opened in Kuloy. After the end of the World War II
, people started to move the new settlement. New houses, cantina
s, and shops were built. People worked and the settlement grew.
's Moscow
–Kotlas
–Vorkuta
line is located in Kuloy, providing jobs for a large part of the working population. These include train operators, maintenance and station personnel, workers at the railroad depot and communications personnel. Kuloy is served by a 272 km long road between Konosha
and Kizema. The settlement also contains two general education schools and a children's music and art school.
Oktyabrsky
–Velsk auto route is located in 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) from the settlement.
club, a beach volleyball
playground, and an ice rink
. Locals enjoy wandering in the woods surrounding the town.
Urban-type settlement
Urban-type settlement ; , selyshche mis'koho typu ) is an official designation for a type of locality used in some of the countries of the former Soviet Union...
) in Velsky District
Velsky District
Velsky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-one in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Velsky Municipal District...
of Arkhangelsk Oblast
Arkhangelsk Oblast
Arkhangelsk Oblast is a federal subject of Russia . It includes the Arctic archipelagos of Franz Josef Land and Novaya Zemlya, as well as the Solovetsky Islands in the White Sea....
, Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, located on the Kuloy River
Kuloy River (Vaga)
The Kuloy is a river in Totemsky and Verkhovazhsky Districts of Vologda Oblast and Velsky Districts of Arkhangelsk Oblast in Russia. It is a right tributary of the Vaga River. The length of the river is . The area of its basin...
, 570 kilometres (354.2 mi) from Arkhangelsk
Arkhangelsk
Arkhangelsk , formerly known as Archangel in English, is a city and the administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. It lies on both banks of the Northern Dvina River near its exit into the White Sea in the north of European Russia. The city spreads for over along the banks of the river...
and 24 kilometres (14.9 mi) from Velsk, the administrative center of the district. Area: ~11000 square kilometre. Population:
History
The history of the settlement goes back to August 25, 1942, when Kuloy railway stationTrain station
A train station, also called a railroad station or railway station and often shortened to just station,"Station" is commonly understood to mean "train station" unless otherwise qualified. This is evident from dictionary entries e.g...
of the North Pechora Railway was opened. The station was necessary to access the work camp building the railway. The railway was built using forced labor by political prisoners, causing many deaths due to low safety and general health of workers. There were four men and one women work camp in Kuloy.
Work conditions were extremely severe. The workers had to build their own ovens, get warm by standing near cast iron and write letters for their friends and family on pieces of newspapers. They made the ink to write by mixing coal residue with kerosene. In 1944, barracks were built to be used as dormitories for workers. Working on the railway was deemed voluntary, but the discipline and surveillance was organized by the military.
Status of urban-type settlement was granted to Kuloy on March 20, 1945.
In 2004, near the village of Priluki, located 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) from Kuloy, a graveyard of political prisoners of Sevdvinlag was found. The deceased were people who died at the infirmary, located 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) away.
People used to live and work under harsh conditions. At that time there were no seniors or children inhabiting Kuloy. As late as August 1944, a kindergarten and the first grade of an elementary school were opened in Kuloy. After the end of the World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, people started to move the new settlement. New houses, cantina
Cantina
Cantina is a word that can refer to various places and establishments. It is similar in etymology to "canteen", and is derived from the Italian word for a cellar, winery, or vault.Cantinas are found in many towns of Italy...
s, and shops were built. People worked and the settlement grew.
Economy and transport
A station of Northern RailwayNorthern Railway (Russia)
The Severnaya Railway is a railway network linking Moscow with Arkhangelsk on the coast of the Arctic Ocean. It runs through Arkhangelsk, Komi, Vologda, Kostroma, Yaroslavl, Ivanovo, and Vladimir regions of the Russian Federation.The Yaroslavl Railway, owned by Savva Mamontov, was one of the first...
's Moscow
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
–Kotlas
Kotlas
Kotlas is a town in the southeast of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, situated at the confluence of the Northern Dvina and Vychegda Rivers. Administratively, it is incorporated as a town of oblast significance . It also serves as the administrative center of Kotlassky District, by which it is...
–Vorkuta
Vorkuta
Vorkuta is a coal-mining town in the Komi Republic, Russia, situated just north of the Arctic Circle in the Pechora coal basin at the Usa River. Population: - Labor camp origins :...
line is located in Kuloy, providing jobs for a large part of the working population. These include train operators, maintenance and station personnel, workers at the railroad depot and communications personnel. Kuloy is served by a 272 km long road between Konosha
Konosha
Konosha is an urban locality Konosha is an urban locality Konosha is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement and the administrative center of Konoshsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Konosha River, south of Arkhangelsk. It also serves as the administrative center of...
and Kizema. The settlement also contains two general education schools and a children's music and art school.
Oktyabrsky
Oktyabrsky, Arkhangelsk Oblast
Oktyabrsky , is an urban locality and the administrative center of Ustyansky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Ustya River. Municipally, it is the administrative center of Oktyabrskoye Urban Settlement, the only urban settlement in the district...
–Velsk auto route is located in 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) from the settlement.
Sports
Sports are well represented in Kuloy. In 2006, the local football team "Lokomotiv" won the Velsky District championship. Aside from football, the settlement also has a chessChess
Chess is a two-player board game played on a chessboard, a square-checkered board with 64 squares arranged in an eight-by-eight grid. It is one of the world's most popular games, played by millions of people worldwide at home, in clubs, online, by correspondence, and in tournaments.Each player...
club, a beach volleyball
Beach volleyball
Beach volleyball, or sand volleyball, is an Olympic team sport played by two teams of two players on a sand court divided by a net.Like volleyball, the object of the game is to send the ball over the net in order to ground it on the opponent’s court, and to prevent the same effort by the opponent....
playground, and an ice rink
Ice rink
An ice rink is a frozen body of water and/or hardened chemicals where people can skate or play winter sports. Besides recreational ice skating, some of its uses include ice hockey, figure skating and curling as well as exhibitions, contests and ice shows...
. Locals enjoy wandering in the woods surrounding the town.