Kotri
Encyclopedia
Kotri a large town, (25°22' north latitude, 68°22' east longitudes) is the headquarters station of the Kotri Taluka, or administrative district. It is situated on the right bank of the Indus
(in Sindh
, Pakistan
) and since 1900 has been connected with Gudu Bander on the other side of the river by an iron bridge replacing the Steam ferry which used to ply between these two places.
In 19th century Jhirk was the busiest river port and centre of commercial activity in Sindh
. It also served as the headquarters of the Indus Flotilla
, the most modern navigational system of those days.
Karachi Port near Karachi
was connected to Jhirk
the head quarter of Indus Flotilla
, which was in Jhirk
town near Kotri and then it will go up to Mithankot
Rajanpur district
near Dera Ghazi Khan
and then to the last point Makhad
Attock
. This part of Indus Flotilla
was called Punjab flotilla and the Indus flotilla
Interchangeably.
British
Indus Flotilla
of steamboats .which once plied the Indus river is described by (Shaw 1998).
The river Indus was an important artery of communication between Karachi
and Jhirk
Near Kotri Sindh
, was an important river port, the Indus Flotilla
used large quantities of firewood and it was kept to fuel steamboats. Hassan Ali Effendi
kept account of the incoming and outgoing wood and Steam boats.
The town originally was within the Jagir
of Mallick Sardar Khan, forefather of Mallick Asad Sikandar Khan, District Nazim
of Jamshoro
District. Newly created district of Sind province of Pakistan
, Chief of Numria, the 'nine-men' clan.
The town has excellent road communication to Karachi
. There are two routes – one by Thano Bula Khan, and the other via Jhirk
, Thatta
, Gharo
and Landhi
. A road also goes to Band Virah, a distance of 39 kilometres.
Much of the traffic by river from jhirk
has ceased since the construction of the railway. Kotri is quite a modern place.
The city boasts an excellent railway and road network, a courtesy of its neighbour, Hyderabad on the other side of the river. Soon, Kotri stood out as a major terminus for the city of Karachi
allocating trainful of passengers from the Kotri Railway Station. It also serves as a starting point for the River Steamer
s for Sukkur
and Multan
.
Indus River
The Indus River is a major river which flows through Pakistan. It also has courses through China and India.Originating in the Tibetan plateau of western China in the vicinity of Lake Mansarovar in Tibet Autonomous Region, the river runs a course through the Ladakh district of Jammu and Kashmir and...
(in Sindh
Sindh
Sindh historically referred to as Ba'ab-ul-Islam , is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and historically is home to the Sindhi people. It is also locally known as the "Mehran". Though Muslims form the largest religious group in Sindh, a good number of Christians, Zoroastrians and Hindus can...
, Pakistan
Pakistan
Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...
) and since 1900 has been connected with Gudu Bander on the other side of the river by an iron bridge replacing the Steam ferry which used to ply between these two places.
In 19th century Jhirk was the busiest river port and centre of commercial activity in Sindh
Sindh
Sindh historically referred to as Ba'ab-ul-Islam , is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and historically is home to the Sindhi people. It is also locally known as the "Mehran". Though Muslims form the largest religious group in Sindh, a good number of Christians, Zoroastrians and Hindus can...
. It also served as the headquarters of the Indus Flotilla
Indus flotilla
The Indus Flotilla was a steamship company established in 1859 in British India to provide "the navigation of the Indus, &c, by means of steamvessels [sic], between Kotree and Mooltan, to be worked in connexion with the railways." It came to ply the Indus River all the way from Karachi Port in the...
, the most modern navigational system of those days.
Karachi Port near Karachi
Karachi
Karachi is the largest city, main seaport and the main financial centre of Pakistan, as well as the capital of the province of Sindh. The city has an estimated population of 13 to 15 million, while the total metropolitan area has a population of over 18 million...
was connected to Jhirk
Jhirk
Jhirk is a small town on the right bank of River Indus, in district Thatta, province of Sindh, Pakistan.- History :In 19th century, Jhirk was the busiest river port and centre of commercial activity in Sindh. It also served as the headquarters of the Indus flotilla, the most modern navigational...
the head quarter of Indus Flotilla
Indus flotilla
The Indus Flotilla was a steamship company established in 1859 in British India to provide "the navigation of the Indus, &c, by means of steamvessels [sic], between Kotree and Mooltan, to be worked in connexion with the railways." It came to ply the Indus River all the way from Karachi Port in the...
, which was in Jhirk
Jhirk
Jhirk is a small town on the right bank of River Indus, in district Thatta, province of Sindh, Pakistan.- History :In 19th century, Jhirk was the busiest river port and centre of commercial activity in Sindh. It also served as the headquarters of the Indus flotilla, the most modern navigational...
town near Kotri and then it will go up to Mithankot
Mithankot
Mithankot , is located in southern Punjab, Pakistan.- Geography :Mithankot is located on the right bank of the Indus River, only a short distance downstream from its junction with Panjnad River. The latter is formed by successive confluence of the five rivers of Punjab, namely Jhelum, Chenab,...
Rajanpur district
Rajanpur District
Rajanpur District is a district of Punjab province in Pakistan. According to the 1998 census of Pakistan it had a population of 1,103,618 of which 14.27% were urban. Its administrative centre is the town of Rajanpur.-History & geography:...
near Dera Ghazi Khan
Dera Ghazi Khan
Dera Ghazi Khan is a city located in Dera Ghazi Khan District, Punjab, Pakistan. Dera Ghazi Khan is one of the most populous cities in Southern Punjab, and it is the largest district in Punjab in terms of area, being approximately in extent....
and then to the last point Makhad
Makhad
Makhad is a hilly historical town in Attock District in the Northern part of Punjab province, Pakistan. It is one of the last towns separating the Punjab from the rugged North-West Frontier Province...
Attock
Attock
Attock is a city located in the northern border of the Punjab province of Pakistan and the headquarters of Attock District...
. This part of Indus Flotilla
Indus flotilla
The Indus Flotilla was a steamship company established in 1859 in British India to provide "the navigation of the Indus, &c, by means of steamvessels [sic], between Kotree and Mooltan, to be worked in connexion with the railways." It came to ply the Indus River all the way from Karachi Port in the...
was called Punjab flotilla and the Indus flotilla
Indus flotilla
The Indus Flotilla was a steamship company established in 1859 in British India to provide "the navigation of the Indus, &c, by means of steamvessels [sic], between Kotree and Mooltan, to be worked in connexion with the railways." It came to ply the Indus River all the way from Karachi Port in the...
Interchangeably.
British
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
Indus Flotilla
Indus flotilla
The Indus Flotilla was a steamship company established in 1859 in British India to provide "the navigation of the Indus, &c, by means of steamvessels [sic], between Kotree and Mooltan, to be worked in connexion with the railways." It came to ply the Indus River all the way from Karachi Port in the...
of steamboats .which once plied the Indus river is described by (Shaw 1998).
The river Indus was an important artery of communication between Karachi
Karachi
Karachi is the largest city, main seaport and the main financial centre of Pakistan, as well as the capital of the province of Sindh. The city has an estimated population of 13 to 15 million, while the total metropolitan area has a population of over 18 million...
and Jhirk
Jhirk
Jhirk is a small town on the right bank of River Indus, in district Thatta, province of Sindh, Pakistan.- History :In 19th century, Jhirk was the busiest river port and centre of commercial activity in Sindh. It also served as the headquarters of the Indus flotilla, the most modern navigational...
Near Kotri Sindh
Sindh
Sindh historically referred to as Ba'ab-ul-Islam , is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and historically is home to the Sindhi people. It is also locally known as the "Mehran". Though Muslims form the largest religious group in Sindh, a good number of Christians, Zoroastrians and Hindus can...
, was an important river port, the Indus Flotilla
Indus flotilla
The Indus Flotilla was a steamship company established in 1859 in British India to provide "the navigation of the Indus, &c, by means of steamvessels [sic], between Kotree and Mooltan, to be worked in connexion with the railways." It came to ply the Indus River all the way from Karachi Port in the...
used large quantities of firewood and it was kept to fuel steamboats. Hassan Ali Effendi
Hassan Ali Effendi
Hassan Ali Effendi was a renowned educationist in South Asia who is credited as the founder of one of the first Muslim schools in British India: the Sindh Madrasatul Islam , located in Karachi in modern-day Pakistan...
kept account of the incoming and outgoing wood and Steam boats.
The town originally was within the Jagir
Jagir
In historic India, a jagir was a small territory granted by the ruler to an army chieftain in fairly short terms usually of three years but not extending beyond his lifetime, in recognition of his military service...
of Mallick Sardar Khan, forefather of Mallick Asad Sikandar Khan, District Nazim
Nazim
A nazim is the coordinator of cities and towns in Pakistan. Nazim is the title in Urdu of the chief elected official of a local government in Pakistan, such as a district, tehsil, union council, or village council....
of Jamshoro
Jamshoro
Jamshoro is a city in Jamshoro District, Sindh, Pakistan. It is located on the right bank of Indus River, approximately 18 kilometres north-west of the city of Hyderabad and 150 kilometres north-east from the provincial capital Karachi....
District. Newly created district of Sind province of Pakistan
Pakistan
Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...
, Chief of Numria, the 'nine-men' clan.
The town has excellent road communication to Karachi
Karachi
Karachi is the largest city, main seaport and the main financial centre of Pakistan, as well as the capital of the province of Sindh. The city has an estimated population of 13 to 15 million, while the total metropolitan area has a population of over 18 million...
. There are two routes – one by Thano Bula Khan, and the other via Jhirk
Jhirk
Jhirk is a small town on the right bank of River Indus, in district Thatta, province of Sindh, Pakistan.- History :In 19th century, Jhirk was the busiest river port and centre of commercial activity in Sindh. It also served as the headquarters of the Indus flotilla, the most modern navigational...
, Thatta
Thatta
Thatta is a historic town of 220,000 inhabitants in the Sindh province of Pakistan, near Lake Keenjhar, the largest freshwater lake in the country. Thatta's major monuments especially its necropolis at Makli are listed among the World Heritage Sites. The Shah Jahan Mosque is also listed...
, Gharo
Gharo
Gharo is a city in Thatta District, Sindh, Pakistan. The Gharo Wind Power Plant is being built in Gharo.It has large bazar for shopping of local commnunities...
and Landhi
Landhi
Landhi is one of the neighbourhoods of Landhi Town in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. There are several ethnic groups in Landhi including Muhajirs, Punjabis, Sindhis, Kashmiris, Seraikis, Pakhtuns, Balochis, Memons, Bohras, Ismailis, etc. Over 99% of the population is Muslims...
. A road also goes to Band Virah, a distance of 39 kilometres.
Much of the traffic by river from jhirk
Jhirk
Jhirk is a small town on the right bank of River Indus, in district Thatta, province of Sindh, Pakistan.- History :In 19th century, Jhirk was the busiest river port and centre of commercial activity in Sindh. It also served as the headquarters of the Indus flotilla, the most modern navigational...
has ceased since the construction of the railway. Kotri is quite a modern place.
The city boasts an excellent railway and road network, a courtesy of its neighbour, Hyderabad on the other side of the river. Soon, Kotri stood out as a major terminus for the city of Karachi
Karachi
Karachi is the largest city, main seaport and the main financial centre of Pakistan, as well as the capital of the province of Sindh. The city has an estimated population of 13 to 15 million, while the total metropolitan area has a population of over 18 million...
allocating trainful of passengers from the Kotri Railway Station. It also serves as a starting point for the River Steamer
Steamboat
A steamboat or steamship, sometimes called a steamer, is a ship in which the primary method of propulsion is steam power, typically driving propellers or paddlewheels...
s for Sukkur
Sukkur
Sukkur, or Sakharu , formerly Aror and Bakar, is the third largest city of Sindh province, situated on the west bank of Indus River in Pakistan in Sukkur District. However, the word Sakharu in Sindhi means "superior", which the spelling of the city's name in Sindhi suggests is the origin of the...
and Multan
Multan
Multan , is a city in the Punjab Province of Pakistan and capital of Multan District. It is located in the southern part of the province on the east bank of the Chenab River, more or less in the geographic centre of the country and about from Islamabad, from Lahore and from Karachi...
.