Kirill Razumovsky
Encyclopedia
Count Kirill Grigorievich Razumovsky
(March 18, 1728 – January 1, 1803) was a Ukrainian
Registered Cossack from the Kozelets
regiment in north-eastern Ukraine, who served as the last Hetman
of Left- (from 1750) and Right-Bank (from 1754) Ukraine until 1764; Razumovsky was subsequently elected Hetman of the sovereign Zaporozhian Host in 1759, a position that he managed to nominally preserve until 1769, even though he had lost all power to exercise this office and abdicated in November 1764.
Kirill Rozum was appointed President of the Russian Academy of Sciences
when he just turned 18 years old due to the influence of his brother, Aleksey Grigorievich Razumovsky, the morganatic husband of Empress Elisabeth.
In 1750, he was elected and subsequently appointed Hetman of the Ukrainian Cossacks
, a title he held until Catherine II of Russia
forced him to abdicate in 1764. During his reign, Baturyn
was re-established as capital of the Hetmanate and Razumovsky had opulent baroque palaces erected both in Baturyn as well as in Hlukhiv by the imperial architect Andrey Kvasov
and Charles Cameron. He also planned to open a Ukrainian university
in Baturyn.
In July 1762, Razumovsky supported the coup d'état Catherine the Great staged against her husband, the legitimate ruler of the Russian Empire, Czar Peter III. Shortly thereafter, in May 1763, Kirill Razumovsky, backed by the Heneralna Starshyna of the Hetmanate, declared the Ukrainian state's sovereignty and the heredity of the title in primogeniture for his descendants in the male line. Into the phase of the ensuing power struggle between the Hetman and the Czarina, fell the failed attempt to free the deposed Czar Ivan VI in Schluesselburg by one of Razumovsky's followers, a young cossack noble by the name of Myrovych. However, Razumovsky's active support or even tacit approval was never proven. In November 1764, the Hetman eventually gave in to the military threat exerted by the Empress and abdicated. From 1765 to 1766, he traveled extensively to Western Europe, yet always accompanied by a Russian "honour guard", which was a privilege associated with the rank of Field-Marshal, conveniently accorded to him by Catherine II. Effectively, Razumovsky was banned from traveling to his Ukrainian homeland until the last bastion of the Hetmanate, the Zaporozhian Host, had been vanquished by Grigori Potemkin in 1776. Kirill Razumovsky died in January 1803 in Baturyn, where he was interred according to his wishes without any pomp, in stark contrast to his rather flamboyant lifestyle.
Kirill had five sons, of whom Count Aleksey Kirillovich (1748-1822) was the Minister of Education in 1810-16, and Prince Andrey Kirillovich
(1752-1836) was the Russian plenipotentiary ambassador in Vienna
in the years of the Congress 1814-1815. However, Andrey has become better known for his role as patron of Ludwig van Beethoven who dedicated three String Quartets, Op.59 1, 2 and 3, as well as the 5th and 6th Symphonies to him. Any living descendants in the male line of Kirill Razumovsky arise from the progeniture of his fourth son Gregor Razumovsky (1759-1837), who had to emigrate to Western Europe due to his critique of czarist totalitarian rule and acquired relative fame as natural scientist and member of a number of distinguished scientific societies in Austria, Germany and Switzerland.
Razumovsky
Razumovsky , originally Rozumovsky , formerly transliterated as Rasumowski, Rasumofsky and Rasoumofsky) is a Ukrainian noble family from Russian Empire. Surviving branch remains in Austria.-History:...
(March 18, 1728 – January 1, 1803) was a Ukrainian
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
Registered Cossack from the Kozelets
Kozelets
Kozelets is a historic town located in Chernihiv Oblast of northern Ukraine. Kozelets is located on the Oster River, a tributary of the Dnieper. The city's estimated population is 8,305 ....
regiment in north-eastern Ukraine, who served as the last Hetman
Hetman
Hetman was the title of the second-highest military commander in 15th- to 18th-century Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, which together, from 1569 to 1795, comprised the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, or Rzeczpospolita....
of Left- (from 1750) and Right-Bank (from 1754) Ukraine until 1764; Razumovsky was subsequently elected Hetman of the sovereign Zaporozhian Host in 1759, a position that he managed to nominally preserve until 1769, even though he had lost all power to exercise this office and abdicated in November 1764.
Kirill Rozum was appointed President of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Academy of Sciences
The Russian Academy of Sciences consists of the national academy of Russia and a network of scientific research institutes from across the Russian Federation as well as auxiliary scientific and social units like libraries, publishers and hospitals....
when he just turned 18 years old due to the influence of his brother, Aleksey Grigorievich Razumovsky, the morganatic husband of Empress Elisabeth.
In 1750, he was elected and subsequently appointed Hetman of the Ukrainian Cossacks
Hetmans of Ukrainian Cossacks
Hetman of Ukrainian Cossacks as a title was not officially recognized internationally until the creation of the Ukrainian Hetmanate. With the creation of Registered Cossacks units their leaders were unofficially referred to as hetmans, however officially the title was known as the "Senior of His...
, a title he held until Catherine II of Russia
Catherine II of Russia
Catherine II, also known as Catherine the Great , Empress of Russia, was born in Stettin, Pomerania, Prussia on as Sophie Friederike Auguste von Anhalt-Zerbst-Dornburg...
forced him to abdicate in 1764. During his reign, Baturyn
Baturyn
Baturyn , is a historic town in the Chernihiv Oblast of northern Ukraine. It is located in the Bakhmatskyi Raion of the oblast, on the banks of the Seym River...
was re-established as capital of the Hetmanate and Razumovsky had opulent baroque palaces erected both in Baturyn as well as in Hlukhiv by the imperial architect Andrey Kvasov
Andrey Kvasov
Andrey Vasilievich Kvasov was a notable Baroque architect who worked in Russia and Ukraine. Very little is known about his life, and its dates are still uncertain. Only a handful of his buildings, though much altered, still stand....
and Charles Cameron. He also planned to open a Ukrainian university
University
A university is an institution of higher education and research, which grants academic degrees in a variety of subjects. A university is an organisation that provides both undergraduate education and postgraduate education...
in Baturyn.
In July 1762, Razumovsky supported the coup d'état Catherine the Great staged against her husband, the legitimate ruler of the Russian Empire, Czar Peter III. Shortly thereafter, in May 1763, Kirill Razumovsky, backed by the Heneralna Starshyna of the Hetmanate, declared the Ukrainian state's sovereignty and the heredity of the title in primogeniture for his descendants in the male line. Into the phase of the ensuing power struggle between the Hetman and the Czarina, fell the failed attempt to free the deposed Czar Ivan VI in Schluesselburg by one of Razumovsky's followers, a young cossack noble by the name of Myrovych. However, Razumovsky's active support or even tacit approval was never proven. In November 1764, the Hetman eventually gave in to the military threat exerted by the Empress and abdicated. From 1765 to 1766, he traveled extensively to Western Europe, yet always accompanied by a Russian "honour guard", which was a privilege associated with the rank of Field-Marshal, conveniently accorded to him by Catherine II. Effectively, Razumovsky was banned from traveling to his Ukrainian homeland until the last bastion of the Hetmanate, the Zaporozhian Host, had been vanquished by Grigori Potemkin in 1776. Kirill Razumovsky died in January 1803 in Baturyn, where he was interred according to his wishes without any pomp, in stark contrast to his rather flamboyant lifestyle.
Kirill had five sons, of whom Count Aleksey Kirillovich (1748-1822) was the Minister of Education in 1810-16, and Prince Andrey Kirillovich
Andreas Razumovsky
Count Andrey Kirillovich Razumovsky was a Russian diplomat who spent many years of his life in Vienna.-Life :Razumovsky was the son of Cyril Razumovsky, the last hetman of Ukraine, and nephew of Aleksey Grigorievich Razumovsky, called the Night Emperor. The elder Rasumovsky's late Baroque palace...
(1752-1836) was the Russian plenipotentiary ambassador in Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
in the years of the Congress 1814-1815. However, Andrey has become better known for his role as patron of Ludwig van Beethoven who dedicated three String Quartets, Op.59 1, 2 and 3, as well as the 5th and 6th Symphonies to him. Any living descendants in the male line of Kirill Razumovsky arise from the progeniture of his fourth son Gregor Razumovsky (1759-1837), who had to emigrate to Western Europe due to his critique of czarist totalitarian rule and acquired relative fame as natural scientist and member of a number of distinguished scientific societies in Austria, Germany and Switzerland.