Kazakhstan-China oil pipeline
Encyclopedia
The Kazakhstan–China oil pipeline is China
's first direct oil import pipeline allowing oil import from Central Asia. It runs from Kazakhstan
's Caspian shore to Xinjiang
in China. The pipeline is owned by the China National Petroleum Corporation
(CNPC) and the Kazakh oil company KazMunayGas
.
region's oil fields to the Atyrau
was completed in 2003. The construction of pipeline from Atasu to Alashankou started in September 2004 and was completed in December 2005. The construction of Kenkiyak–Kumkol section was agreed between Kazakhstan and China on 18 August 2007. This section was completed on 11 July 2009.
The pipeline was developed by the China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) and the Kazakh oil company KazMunayGas.
in Kazakhstan
to Alashankou
in China's Xinjiang. The Kenkiyak-Atyrau section of the pipeline is 449 kilometres (279 mi) long and has a capacity of . Capacity of the pipeline maybe upgraded to in the future. The pipeline was built and is operated by MunaiTas a joint venture between CNPC and KazMunayGas.
The Atasu-Alashankou section of the pipeline cost US$700 million. It is 987 kilometres (613.3 mi) long and has a capacity of . Capacity of this section might be upgraded to by 2011. The pipeline includes an oil metering station at the Alataw Pass
. The pipeline was built and is operated by a joint venture between CNODC and KazTrans Oil JSC. The first oil through this pipeline reached the refinery in August 2006.
The Kenkiyak-Kumkol section is 792 kilometres (492.1 mi) long. It has initial transportation capacity of 10 million tons per year. This section is expected to reach its full capacity in 2011.
. The capacity of pipeline is 10 million tons of oil per year and it supplies mainly the Dushanzi refinery. The pipeline became operational on 21 December 2005 and the first oil through this pipeline reached to the refinery on 29 July 2006. The pipeline is constructed and operated by the China National Petroleum Corporation
(CNPC).
. The pipeline is used also for the transportation of oil from Russia
's western Siberia
by connection with the Omsk
(Russia)–Pavlodar
(Kasakhstan)–Shymkent
–Türkmenabat
(Turkmenistan
) pipeline in Atasu oil terminal. Oil is transported through this pipeline by Russian companies TNK-BP
and Gazprom Neft
.
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
's first direct oil import pipeline allowing oil import from Central Asia. It runs from Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan , officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe. Ranked as the ninth largest country in the world, it is also the world's largest landlocked country; its territory of is greater than Western Europe...
's Caspian shore to Xinjiang
Xinjiang
Xinjiang is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China. It is the largest Chinese administrative division and spans over 1.6 million km2...
in China. The pipeline is owned by the China National Petroleum Corporation
China National Petroleum Corporation
China National Petroleum Corporation is a state-owned fuel-producing corporation and the largest integrated oil and gas company in the People's Republic of China...
(CNPC) and the Kazakh oil company KazMunayGas
KazMunayGas
KazMunayGas is the state-owned oil and gas company of Kazakhstan. It was founded in 2002 by merging Kazakhoil and Oil and Gas Transportation.-Subsidiaries:Main subsidiaries of KazMunayGas are:...
.
History
The construction of pipeline was agreed between China and Kazakhstan in 1997. The first section of pipeline from the AktobeAktobe
Aktobe , formerly known as Aktyubinsk , is a city on the Ilek River in Kazakhstan. With a population of 277,700, it is the capital of Aktobe Province. Aktobe has a mixed ethnic community, including Kazakhs, Russians, Ukrainians, Tatars, Uyghurs, Chechens, Armenians, Jews and Greeks...
region's oil fields to the Atyrau
Atyrau
Atyrau , known as Guryev until 1991, is a city in Kazakhstan, and the capital of Atyrau Province. It is located at the mouth of the Ural River, 2700 kilometers west of Almaty and 350 kilometers east of the Russian city of Astrakhan. Other transliterations include Aterau, Atirau, Atyraw, Atyraou,...
was completed in 2003. The construction of pipeline from Atasu to Alashankou started in September 2004 and was completed in December 2005. The construction of Kenkiyak–Kumkol section was agreed between Kazakhstan and China on 18 August 2007. This section was completed on 11 July 2009.
The pipeline was developed by the China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) and the Kazakh oil company KazMunayGas.
Technical description
The 2228 kilometres (1,384.4 mi) long pipeline runs from AtyrauAtyrau
Atyrau , known as Guryev until 1991, is a city in Kazakhstan, and the capital of Atyrau Province. It is located at the mouth of the Ural River, 2700 kilometers west of Almaty and 350 kilometers east of the Russian city of Astrakhan. Other transliterations include Aterau, Atirau, Atyraw, Atyraou,...
in Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan , officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe. Ranked as the ninth largest country in the world, it is also the world's largest landlocked country; its territory of is greater than Western Europe...
to Alashankou
Alashankou
Alashankou or Alataw Pass is a border town in Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China. It is a port of entry by both railroad and highway from Kazakhstan as part of the Eurasian Land Bridge. The town is named after the Dzungarian Gate , a pass connecting...
in China's Xinjiang. The Kenkiyak-Atyrau section of the pipeline is 449 kilometres (279 mi) long and has a capacity of . Capacity of the pipeline maybe upgraded to in the future. The pipeline was built and is operated by MunaiTas a joint venture between CNPC and KazMunayGas.
The Atasu-Alashankou section of the pipeline cost US$700 million. It is 987 kilometres (613.3 mi) long and has a capacity of . Capacity of this section might be upgraded to by 2011. The pipeline includes an oil metering station at the Alataw Pass
Alataw Pass
The term Alataw Pass can be* another name for the Dzungarian Gate, an historically and geographically notable pass through the Dzungarian Alatau mountains between Kazakhstan and China, or...
. The pipeline was built and is operated by a joint venture between CNODC and KazTrans Oil JSC. The first oil through this pipeline reached the refinery in August 2006.
The Kenkiyak-Kumkol section is 792 kilometres (492.1 mi) long. It has initial transportation capacity of 10 million tons per year. This section is expected to reach its full capacity in 2011.
Alashankou–Dushanzi Crude Oil Pipeline
In Alashankou, the pipeline is connected with the Alashankou–Dushanzi Crude Oil Pipeline, which is a 246 kilometres (152.9 mi) long pipeline connecting the Kazakhstan-China oil pipeline with Dushanzi DistrictDushanzi District
Dushanzi District is a district within the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in China and is under the administrative jurisdiction of the Karamay City. It contains an area of 400 km2. According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 60,000....
. The capacity of pipeline is 10 million tons of oil per year and it supplies mainly the Dushanzi refinery. The pipeline became operational on 21 December 2005 and the first oil through this pipeline reached to the refinery on 29 July 2006. The pipeline is constructed and operated by the China National Petroleum Corporation
China National Petroleum Corporation
China National Petroleum Corporation is a state-owned fuel-producing corporation and the largest integrated oil and gas company in the People's Republic of China...
(CNPC).
Oil supplies
The Kazakhstan-China oil pipeline is supplied from the Aktobe region's fields and from the Kumkol field. In future the main supply source will be Kashagan fieldKashagan Field
Kashagan Field is an offshore oil field located in Kazakhstan. The field is situated in the northern part of the Caspian Sea close to the Kazakhstan city of Atyrau. The field was discovered in 2000 and was one of the larger discoveries in that decade, it is estimated that the Kashagan Field has...
. The pipeline is used also for the transportation of oil from Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
's western Siberia
Siberia
Siberia is an extensive region constituting almost all of Northern Asia. Comprising the central and eastern portion of the Russian Federation, it was part of the Soviet Union from its beginning, as its predecessor states, the Tsardom of Russia and the Russian Empire, conquered it during the 16th...
by connection with the Omsk
Omsk
-History:The wooden fort of Omsk was erected in 1716 to protect the expanding Russian frontier along the Ishim and the Irtysh rivers against the Kyrgyz nomads of the Steppes...
(Russia)–Pavlodar
Pavlodar
Pavlodar is a city in northeastern Kazakhstan and the capital of Pavlodar Province. It is located 350 km northeast of the national capital Astana, and 400 km southeast of the Russian city of Omsk along the Irtysh River. , the city has a population of 331710...
(Kasakhstan)–Shymkent
Shymkent
Shymkent , formerly known as Chimkent , is the capital city of South Kazakhstan Province, the most populated region in Kazakhstan. It is the third most populous city in Kazakhstan behind Almaty and Astana with a population of 629,600 . A major railroad junction on the Turkestan-Siberia Railway, the...
–Türkmenabat
Türkmenabat
Türkmenabat , formerly and since the medieval times, Chardzhou , also spelled Çärjew, Chardjui, Charjou, Chardzhev, Charjev, Chärjew, or Charjew , ancient Amul, is a town in Turkmenistan, capital of Lebap Province...
(Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan , formerly also known as Turkmenia is one of the Turkic states in Central Asia. Until 1991, it was a constituent republic of the Soviet Union, the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic . Turkmenistan is one of the six independent Turkic states...
) pipeline in Atasu oil terminal. Oil is transported through this pipeline by Russian companies TNK-BP
TNK-BP
TNK-BP is a major vertically integrated Russian oil company. It is Russia's third largest oil producer and among the ten largest private oil companies in the world. TNK-BP is Russia's third largest oil company in terms of reserves and crude oil production...
and Gazprom Neft
Gazprom Neft
Gazprom Neft is the fifth largest oil producing and refining company in Russia. It's the oil arm of Gazprom, which owns 80% of Gazprom Neft's shares....
.
See also
- Central Asia – China gas pipeline
- Eastern Siberia – Pacific Ocean oil pipeline
- Lanzhou–Zhengzhou–Changsha product oil pipelineLanzhou–Zhengzhou–Changsha product oil pipelineThe Lanzhou–Zhengzhou–Changsha product oil pipeline is a pipeline carrying diesel and other oil products from the northwest to the central regions of China. The pipeline starts in Lanzhou in Gansu, and runs through Zhengzhou in Henan to Changsha in Hunan...
External links
- Chow, Edward, "Central Asia’s Pipelines: Field of Dreams and Reality," in Pipeline Politics in Asia: The Intersection of Demand, Energy Markets, and Supply Routes (National Bureau of Asian ResearchNational Bureau of Asian ResearchThe National Bureau of Asian Research is a nonprofit, nonpartisan research institution based in Seattle, Washington, with a branch office in Washington, D.C. The organization’s mission is to inform and strengthen Asia-Pacific policy...
, 2010) - The Geopolitics of Oil Pipelines in Central Asia, Article on the Kazahstan-China pipelines featured in Vestnik, the Journal of Russian and Asian Studies Winter 2007