Kayqubad III
Encyclopedia
Kayqubad III was briefly sultan of the Sultanate of Rum
between the years of 1298 and 1302. He was a nephew of the deposed Kaykaus II
and had strong support among the Turkmen. As sultan he was a vassal of the Mongols
and exercised no real power.
He first appears circa 1283 as a pretender to the Seljuq throne. He was recognized by the Turkmen Karamanids
but defeated by vizier
Fakhr al-Din Ali and Kaykhusraw III
. He sought refuge in Cilician Armenia
. Nothing is known of his movements again until 1298, when he was appointed to the sultanate by the Ilkhan
Mahmud Ghazan
upon the downfall of Masud II
. He purged the Seljuq administration of his predecessor’s men with extreme violence and became deeply unpopular. On a visit to the Ilkhan in 1302 he was executed.
Sultanate of Rûm
The Sultanate of Rum , also known as the Anatolian Seljuk State , was a Turkic state centered in in Anatolia, with capitals first at İznik and then at Konya. Since the court of the sultanate was highly mobile, cities like Kayseri and Sivas also functioned at times as capitals...
between the years of 1298 and 1302. He was a nephew of the deposed Kaykaus II
Kaykaus II
Kaykaus II or Kayka'us II was the eldest of three sons of Kaykhusraw II. He was a youth at the time of his father’s death in 1246 and could do little to prevent the Mongol subjugation of Anatolia. For most of his tenure as the Seljuq Sultan of Rûm, he shared the throne with one or both of his...
and had strong support among the Turkmen. As sultan he was a vassal of the Mongols
Ilkhanate
The Ilkhanate, also spelled Il-khanate , was a Mongol khanate established in Azerbaijan and Persia in the 13th century, considered a part of the Mongol Empire...
and exercised no real power.
He first appears circa 1283 as a pretender to the Seljuq throne. He was recognized by the Turkmen Karamanids
Karamanoglu
The Karamanids or Karamanid dynasty , also known as the Principality of Karaman and Beylik of Karaman , was one of the Anatolian beyliks, centered in south-central Anatolia, around the present-day Karaman Province...
but defeated by vizier
Vizier
A vizier or in Arabic script ; ; sometimes spelled vazir, vizir, vasir, wazir, vesir, or vezir) is a high-ranking political advisor or minister in a Muslim government....
Fakhr al-Din Ali and Kaykhusraw III
Kaykhusraw III
Kaykhusraw III was between two and six years old when in 1265 he was named Seljuq Sultan of Rûm...
. He sought refuge in Cilician Armenia
Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia
The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia , also known as the Cilician Armenia, Kingdom of Cilician Armenia or New Armenia, was an independent principality formed during the High Middle Ages by Armenian refugees fleeing the Seljuk invasion of Armenia...
. Nothing is known of his movements again until 1298, when he was appointed to the sultanate by the Ilkhan
Ilkhanate
The Ilkhanate, also spelled Il-khanate , was a Mongol khanate established in Azerbaijan and Persia in the 13th century, considered a part of the Mongol Empire...
Mahmud Ghazan
Mahmud Ghazan
Mahmud Ghazan was the seventh ruler of the Mongol Empire's Ilkhanate division in modern-day Iran from 1295 to 1304. He was the son of Arghun and Quthluq Khatun, continuing a line of rulers who were direct descendants of Genghis Khan...
upon the downfall of Masud II
Mesud II
Masud II or Mas'ud II bore the title of Sultanate of Rum at various times between 1284 and 1308. He was a vassal of the Mongols and exercised no real authority. History does not record his ultimate fate....
. He purged the Seljuq administration of his predecessor’s men with extreme violence and became deeply unpopular. On a visit to the Ilkhan in 1302 he was executed.
Sources
- Claude Cahen, Pre-Ottoman Turkey: a general survey of the material and spiritual culture and history, trans. J. Jones-Williams, (New York: Taplinger, 1968) 294, 300-1.