Kanjiža
Encyclopedia
North Banat District
North Banat District is a northern district of Serbia. It lies in the regions of Banat and Bačka, in the autonomous province of Vojvodina. As of the 2002 census, the district has a population of 165,881. The seat of the district is Kikinda....
of Vojvodina
Vojvodina
Vojvodina, officially called Autonomous Province of Vojvodina is an autonomous province of Serbia. Its capital and largest city is Novi Sad...
, Serbia
Serbia
Serbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, covering the southern part of the Carpathian basin and the central part of the Balkans...
. The Kanjiža town has a population of 10,193, while the Kanjiža municipality has 27,440 inhabitants.
Geography
Although it belongs to North Banat District, territory of Kanjiža municipality is in fact located in the region of BačkaBacka
Bačka is a geographical area within the Pannonian plain bordered by the river Danube to the west and south, and by the river Tisza to the east of which confluence is located near Titel...
. The territory of the municipality is bordered by the river Tisa
Tisá
Tisá is a village and municipality in Ústí nad Labem District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic.The municipality covers an area of , and has a population of 786 ....
and the Novi Kneževac
Novi Kneževac
Novi Kneževac is a town and municipality in the North Banat District of Vojvodina, Serbia. The town has a population of 7,567, while the Novi Kneževac municipality has 12,952 inhabitants .-Name:...
Municipality in the east, the Municipality of Senta
Senta
Senta is a town and municipality on the bank of the Tisa river in the Vojvodina province, Serbia. Although geographically located in Bačka, it is part of the North Banat District...
in the south, the Municipality of Subotica
Subotica
Subotica is a city and municipality in northern Serbia, in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina...
in the west and the border with Hungary
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
in the north. The proximity to the border, to the free-way and the river Tisa makes it an important location.
History
The town was mentioned in the Gesta HungarorumGesta Hungarorum
Gesta Hungarorum is a record of early Hungarian history by an unknown author who describes himself as Anonymi Bele Regis Notarii , but is generally cited as Anonymus...
chronicle under name Kenesna and, according to the chronicle, it belonged to the duchy of Bulgarian duke Salan
Salan
]Salan, Dux Salanus or Zalan was, according to the Gesta Hungarorum, a Bulgarian voivod who ruled in the 9th century between Danube and Tisa rivers, mainly in the territory of present-day Bačka region of Serbia and Hungary. The capital city of his voivodship was Titel...
who ruled from Titel
Titel
Titel is a town and municipality in the South Bačka District of the Vojvodina, Serbia. The town of Titel has a population of 5,831, while the population of the municipality of Titel is 16,936...
in the 9th century. In first written documents after Hungarian conquest of Central Europe, the town is mentioned as Cnesa or Kenesna. This name is Slavic
Slavic languages
The Slavic languages , a group of closely related languages of the Slavic peoples and a subgroup of Indo-European languages, have speakers in most of Eastern Europe, in much of the Balkans, in parts of Central Europe, and in the northern part of Asia.-Branches:Scholars traditionally divide Slavic...
by origin and it came from Slavic word "knez" ("prince" in English). In 1335, it was mentioned as Villa Canysa.
Until the 16th century, the town was administered by the Kingdom of Hungary
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary comprised present-day Hungary, Slovakia and Croatia , Transylvania , Carpatho Ruthenia , Vojvodina , Burgenland , and other smaller territories surrounding present-day Hungary's borders...
, while in the 16th-17th century it was administered by the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
. From 1686 to 1918, the town was administered by the Habsburg Monarchy
Habsburg Monarchy
The Habsburg Monarchy covered the territories ruled by the junior Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg , and then by the successor House of Habsburg-Lorraine , between 1526 and 1867/1918. The Imperial capital was Vienna, except from 1583 to 1611, when it was moved to Prague...
. Initially, it was part of the Habsburg Military Frontier
Military Frontier
The Military Frontier was a borderland of Habsburg Austria and later the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, which acted as the cordon sanitaire against incursions from the Ottoman Empire...
, but was placed under civil administration in 1751. In the beginning of Ottoman administration, local Hungarian population left from this area. During Ottoman period and also during the first decades of Habsburg administration, the town was mainly populated by ethnic Serbs
Serbs
The Serbs are a South Slavic ethnic group of the Balkans and southern Central Europe. Serbs are located mainly in Serbia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina, and form a sizable minority in Croatia, the Republic of Macedonia and Slovenia. Likewise, Serbs are an officially recognized minority in...
. Hungarian colonists from northern counties of the Kingdom of Hungary started to settle here in 1753 and they became dominant ethnic group in the town. Since 1918, the town was part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia refers to three political entities that existed successively on the western part of the Balkans during most of the 20th century....
) and subsequent South Slavic
South Slavs
The South Slavs are the southern branch of the Slavic peoples and speak South Slavic languages. Geographically, the South Slavs are native to the Balkan peninsula, the southern Pannonian Plain and the eastern Alps...
states.
Inhabited places
Kanjiža municipality includes the town of Kanjiža and 12 villages. The villages are:- AdorjanAdorjanAdorjan is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Kanjiža municipality, in the North Banat District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Hungarian ethnic majority and its population numbering 1,128 people .-External links:*...
(Hungarian: Adorján) - Doline (Hungarian: Völgyes)
- HorgošHorgošHorgoš is a village located in Kanjiža municipality, in the North Banat District of Serbia. It is situated in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. The village has a Hungarian ethnic majority and its population numbering 6,325 people ....
(Hungarian: Horgos) - Male PijaceMale PijaceMale Pijace is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Kanjiža municipality, in the North Banat District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Hungarian ethnic majority and its population numbering 1,988 people .-External links:*...
(Hungarian: Kispiac) - Mali PesakMali PesakMali Pesak is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Kanjiža municipality, in the North Banat District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Hungarian ethnic majority and its population numbering 115 people .-See also:*List of places in Serbia*List of cities, towns and villages in Vojvodina...
(Hungarian: Kishomok) - MartonošMartonošMartonoš is a village located in the Kanjiža municipality, in the North Banat District of Serbia. It is situated in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. The village has a Hungarian ethnic majority and its population numbering 2,183 people .-External links:*...
(Hungarian: Martonos) - Novo Selo (Hungarian: Újfalu)
- OromOromOROM or Orom may refer to:* Option_ROM, in PCs* Optical Read Only Memory, a type of computer memory* Horrom, Armenia, also called Orom* Orom , a village in the municipality of Kanjiža, Serbia...
(Hungarian: Orom) - Totovo SeloTotovo SeloTotovo Selo is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Kanjiža municipality, in the North Banat District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Hungarian ethnic majority and its population numbering 709 people .-External links:*...
(Hungarian: Tóthfalu) - TrešnjevacTrešnjevacTrešnjevac is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Kanjiža municipality, in the North Banat District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Hungarian ethnic majority and its population numbering 1,868 people ....
(Hungarian: Oromhegyes) - Velebit
- Zimonić (Hungarian: Ilonafalu)
Note: For the inhabited places with Hungarian ethnic majority, the names are also given in Hungarian.
Ethnic groups in the municipality
The population of the Kanjiža municipality is composed of:- Hungarians = 23,802 (86.52%)
- SerbsSerbsThe Serbs are a South Slavic ethnic group of the Balkans and southern Central Europe. Serbs are located mainly in Serbia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina, and form a sizable minority in Croatia, the Republic of Macedonia and Slovenia. Likewise, Serbs are an officially recognized minority in...
= 2,037 (7.4%) - Roma = 530 (1.92%)
- Others.
Almost all of the settlements in the municipality have Hungarian majorities except Velebit, which is predominantly Serbian
Serbs
The Serbs are a South Slavic ethnic group of the Balkans and southern Central Europe. Serbs are located mainly in Serbia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina, and form a sizable minority in Croatia, the Republic of Macedonia and Slovenia. Likewise, Serbs are an officially recognized minority in...
.
Ethnic groups in the town
The population of the Kanjiža town is composed of:- Hungarians = 8,825 (86.52%)
- Serbs = 865 (8.48%)
- Others.