Kalimantsia
Encyclopedia
Kalimantsia is an extinct chalicothere
from the Miocene
of Bulgaria
, Europe
. It contains one species, K. bulgarica.
s, early deer
, and various carnivorous mammals. Kalimantsia has a shorter muzzle
than the horse-like shapes of the rest of the chalicothere
s. It also has a domed head that would have resembled that of one of the boneheaded dinosaurs. It is believed that males often competed by butting their heads together. The teeth of Kalimantsia are long and low, and well adapted for eating leaves
.
Chalicothere
Chalicotheres were a group of herbivorous, odd-toed ungulate mammals spread throughout North America, Europe, Asia, and Africa during the Early Eocene to Early Pleistocene subepochs living from 55.8 mya—781,000 years ago, existing for approximately .They evolved around 40 million years ago from...
from the Miocene
Miocene
The Miocene is a geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about . The Miocene was named by Sir Charles Lyell. Its name comes from the Greek words and and means "less recent" because it has 18% fewer modern sea invertebrates than the Pliocene. The Miocene follows the Oligocene...
of Bulgaria
Bulgaria
Bulgaria , officially the Republic of Bulgaria , is a parliamentary democracy within a unitary constitutional republic in Southeast Europe. The country borders Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, as well as the Black Sea to the east...
, Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
. It contains one species, K. bulgarica.
Description
Kalimantsia is named for the area in which it was discovered in 2001 by Geraads, Spassov, and Kovachev. The habitat would have been quite open and the remains of Kalimantsia are accompanied by those of horseHorse
The horse is one of two extant subspecies of Equus ferus, or the wild horse. It is a single-hooved mammal belonging to the taxonomic family Equidae. The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million years from a small multi-toed creature into the large, single-toed animal of today...
s, early deer
Deer
Deer are the ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae. Species in the Cervidae family include white-tailed deer, elk, moose, red deer, reindeer, fallow deer, roe deer and chital. Male deer of all species and female reindeer grow and shed new antlers each year...
, and various carnivorous mammals. Kalimantsia has a shorter muzzle
Snout
The snout, or muzzle, is the protruding portion of an animal's face, consisting of its nose, mouth, and jaw.-Terminology:The term "muzzle", used as a noun, can be ambiguous...
than the horse-like shapes of the rest of the chalicothere
Chalicothere
Chalicotheres were a group of herbivorous, odd-toed ungulate mammals spread throughout North America, Europe, Asia, and Africa during the Early Eocene to Early Pleistocene subepochs living from 55.8 mya—781,000 years ago, existing for approximately .They evolved around 40 million years ago from...
s. It also has a domed head that would have resembled that of one of the boneheaded dinosaurs. It is believed that males often competed by butting their heads together. The teeth of Kalimantsia are long and low, and well adapted for eating leaves
Leaves
-History:Vocalist Arnar Gudjonsson was formerly the guitarist with Mower, and he was joined by Hallur Hallsson , Arnar Ólafsson , Bjarni Grímsson , and Andri Ásgrímsson . Late in 2001 they played with Emiliana Torrini and drew early praise from the New York Times...
.
See also
- TylocephalonyxTylocephalonyxTylocephalonyx is an extinct dome-headed chalicothere from the Miocene in North America.It may have used its "dome" in the same way as the pachycephalosaurs...
- Another genus of chalicothere that also has a domed head.