Kalema of Buganda
Encyclopedia
Rashid Kalema Muguluma was Kabaka
of the Kingdom of Buganda
, from October 21, 1888 until October 5, 1889. He was the thirty-third (33rd) Kabaka of Buganda.
, Kabaka of Buganda, who reigned between 1856 and 1884. His mother was Ndibuwakanyi, of the Mamba clan. He was declared Kabaka by the Muslim
forces that deposed
his elder brother Kabaka Kiweewa Mutebi Nnyonyintono
on October 21, 1888. He maintained his capital at Mengo Hill
.
. Sufficient Baganda
had converted to one of the three major religions in the kingdom; Catholicism
, Protestantism
or Islam
. As the ruling class in the kingdom attempted to adjust to the loss of absolute authority over their subjects' lives to these new religions; the kingdom was thrown into turmoil, rebellion, counter-rebellion and religious persecution.
Within a period of thirteen (13) years from 1884 until 1897, Buganda witnessed the change of leadership at Mengo
, six (6) times, which was unprecedented in the kingdom. Various Kabaka's took sides with one religion or the other, only to be deposed
by the supporters of the religions they did not choose. And the cycle repeated itself.
In October 1888, the Muslim faction was dominant in Buganda. All Christian missionaries were expelled, and Kabaka Kiweewa Mutebi Nnyonyintono
was deposed. Kabaka Kalema Muguluma, who had converted to Islam and taken on the name Rashid, was installed on the throne
. However, only one year later, he was forced to step down by the British
imperial forces. He was offered an ultimatum by the British: either convert to Christianity
and retain the throne, or remain Muslim
and lose the throne. He evidently chose Islam and was deposed.
, Kabaka Kalema went into exile
in Bunyoro
. He died in exile from complications of smallpox
in January 1891. At the time of his death, his age is estimated to have been in the mid-twenties (20's). His remains were repatriated and buried at Mmende in Busiro.
Kabaka of Buganda
Kabaka is the title of the king of the Kingdom of Buganda. According to the traditions of the Baganda they are ruled by two kings, one spiritual and the other material....
of the Kingdom of Buganda
Buganda
Buganda is a subnational kingdom within Uganda. The kingdom of the Ganda people, Buganda is the largest of the traditional kingdoms in present-day Uganda, comprising all of Uganda's Central Region, including the Ugandan capital Kampala, with the exception of the disputed eastern Kayunga District...
, from October 21, 1888 until October 5, 1889. He was the thirty-third (33rd) Kabaka of Buganda.
Claim to the throne
Kalema Muguluma was the son of Kabaka Mukaabya Walugembe Muteesa I KayiiraMuteesa I of Buganda
Muteesa I Mukaabya Walugembe Kayiira was Kabaka of the Kingdom of Buganda, from 1856 until 1884. He was the thirtieth Kabaka of Buganda.-Claim to the throne:...
, Kabaka of Buganda, who reigned between 1856 and 1884. His mother was Ndibuwakanyi, of the Mamba clan. He was declared Kabaka by the Muslim
Muslim
A Muslim, also spelled Moslem, is an adherent of Islam, a monotheistic, Abrahamic religion based on the Quran, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God as revealed to prophet Muhammad. "Muslim" is the Arabic term for "submitter" .Muslims believe that God is one and incomparable...
forces that deposed
Deposition (politics)
Deposition by political means concerns the removal of a politician or monarch. It may be done by coup, impeachment, invasion or forced abdication...
his elder brother Kabaka Kiweewa Mutebi Nnyonyintono
Kiweewa of Buganda
Mutebi Nnyonyintono Kiweewa was Kabaka of the Kingdom of Buganda from August 2, 1888 until October 21, 1888. He was the thirty-second Kabaka of Buganda.-Claim to the throne:...
on October 21, 1888. He maintained his capital at Mengo Hill
Mengo
Mengo can refer to:*Mengo, Uganda*Clube de Regatas do Flamengo...
.
Married life
He is recorded to have married the following wives:- Nabikukuzi, daughter of Jjumba, of the Nkima clan
- Sofia Kabakalongoosa, daughter of Kinyolo, of the Nkima clan
- Nakibuuka, daughter of Mugema, of the Nkima clan
- Zefiria Nnampa Nakibuuka, daughter of Bakkabulindi of the Ngeye clan
- Nabibooge, daughter of Kibaya, of the Nsenene clan
- Veneneka Nabiwemba, daughter of Wakooli, a Musoga, of the Ngabi clan
- Njera Saabaddu, daughter of Gabunga, of the Mamba clan
Offspring
His recorded children include:- Prince (Omulangira) Kiweewa Zzimbe, whose mother was Nabikukuzi
- Prince (Omulangira) Edmond Alamanzaani Ndawula, whose mother was Zefiria Nnampa. He died on July 1, 1916
- Prince (Omulangira) Yozefu Musanje Walugembe, MBE. He was born on August 31, 1889. His mother was Nabibooge. He was educated at Namilyango CollegeNamilyango CollegeNamilyango College is a boys-only boarding middle and high school located in Mukono District in Central Uganda.-Location:The school is situated on a lush green campus on Namilyango Hill, approximately , by road, east of Kampala, Uganda's capital and largest city. It's approximately , by road,...
. In October 1914, he was commissioned as a 2nd Lieutenant in the African Native Medical Corps. In 1915 he was promoted to Lieutenant. He served in the First World War from 1915 until 1919. He was decorated with the Member of the British Empire (MBE), the 1915 Star and the British War and Allied Victory medals. On November 18, 1907, he married Sala Kiire, daughter of Chevalier Stanislas Mugwaanya, OBE, GCSG, at the White FathersWhite FathersThe missionary society known as "White Fathers" , after their dress, is a Roman Catholic Society of Apostolic Life founded in 1868 by the first Archbishop of Algiers, later Cardinal Lavigerie, as the Missionaries of Our Lady of Africa of Algeria, and is also now known as the Society of the...
' Mission, NsambyaNsambya-Location:Nsambya is located approximately south-southeast of the central business district of Kampala, along the road to Ggaba, a suburb of the city. The coordinates of Nsambya Hill are: 00 17 57N, 32 35 17E.-Landmarks:The landmarks on Nsambya Hill include:...
. Prince Musanje fathered two sons and one daughter: (a) Prince (Omulangira) Joseph Mukaabya (b) Prince (Omulangira) Daudi Kimera and (c) Princess (Omumbejja) Tereza Namukaabya. - Princess (Omumbejja) Yuniya Maliamu Kamuwanda, whose mother was Veneneka Nabiwemba. Princess Kamuwanda was installed as Naalinnya to Kabaka Daudi Chwa II on August 14, 1897. She received the Silver JubileeSilver JubileeA Silver Jubilee is a celebration held to mark a 25th anniversary. The anniversary celebrations can be of a wedding anniversary, ruling anniversary or anything that has completed a 25 year mark...
medal in 1935, the Coronation Medal in 1937 and the Papal medal "Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice" in 1951. She died on May 30, 1951. - Princess (Omumbejja) Besemerese Hana Dimbwe. She was born in KampalaKampalaKampala is the largest city and capital of Uganda. The city is divided into five boroughs that oversee local planning: Kampala Central Division, Kawempe Division, Makindye Division, Nakawa Division and Lubaga Division. The city is coterminous with Kampala District.-History: of Buganda, had chosen...
in 1887. Her mother was Sofia Kabak'alongoosa. In September 1905, she married, at MbaleMbaleMbale is a city in Eastern Uganda. It is the main municiplal, administrative and commercial center of Mbale District and the surrounding sub-region. The district is named after the town.-Location:...
, as his third wife, Semei Lwakirenzi Kakungulu, then Kabaka of Bukedi.
His reign
The period from 1884 through 1897 witnessed tremendous strife in BugandaBuganda
Buganda is a subnational kingdom within Uganda. The kingdom of the Ganda people, Buganda is the largest of the traditional kingdoms in present-day Uganda, comprising all of Uganda's Central Region, including the Ugandan capital Kampala, with the exception of the disputed eastern Kayunga District...
. Sufficient Baganda
Baganda
The Ganda are an ethnic group native to Buganda, a subnational kingdom within Uganda. Traditionally comprising 52 tribes the Ganda have a rich history and culture...
had converted to one of the three major religions in the kingdom; Catholicism
Catholicism
Catholicism is a broad term for the body of the Catholic faith, its theologies and doctrines, its liturgical, ethical, spiritual, and behavioral characteristics, as well as a religious people as a whole....
, Protestantism
Protestantism
Protestantism is one of the three major groupings within Christianity. It is a movement that began in Germany in the early 16th century as a reaction against medieval Roman Catholic doctrines and practices, especially in regards to salvation, justification, and ecclesiology.The doctrines of the...
or Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
. As the ruling class in the kingdom attempted to adjust to the loss of absolute authority over their subjects' lives to these new religions; the kingdom was thrown into turmoil, rebellion, counter-rebellion and religious persecution.
Within a period of thirteen (13) years from 1884 until 1897, Buganda witnessed the change of leadership at Mengo
Mengo, Uganda
Mengo is a hill in Lubaga Division, Kampala, Uganda's capital and largest city.-Location:Mengo is bordered by Kampala Hill to the north, Nsambya Hill to the east, Kibuye to the southeast, Ndeeba to the south, Lubaga Hill to the west and Namirembe Hill to the northwest. The coordinates of Mengo Hill...
, six (6) times, which was unprecedented in the kingdom. Various Kabaka's took sides with one religion or the other, only to be deposed
Deposition (politics)
Deposition by political means concerns the removal of a politician or monarch. It may be done by coup, impeachment, invasion or forced abdication...
by the supporters of the religions they did not choose. And the cycle repeated itself.
In October 1888, the Muslim faction was dominant in Buganda. All Christian missionaries were expelled, and Kabaka Kiweewa Mutebi Nnyonyintono
Kiweewa of Buganda
Mutebi Nnyonyintono Kiweewa was Kabaka of the Kingdom of Buganda from August 2, 1888 until October 21, 1888. He was the thirty-second Kabaka of Buganda.-Claim to the throne:...
was deposed. Kabaka Kalema Muguluma, who had converted to Islam and taken on the name Rashid, was installed on the throne
Throne
A throne is the official chair or seat upon which a monarch is seated on state or ceremonial occasions. "Throne" in an abstract sense can also refer to the monarchy or the Crown itself, an instance of metonymy, and is also used in many expressions such as "the power behind the...
. However, only one year later, he was forced to step down by the British
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
imperial forces. He was offered an ultimatum by the British: either convert to Christianity
Christianity
Christianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus as presented in canonical gospels and other New Testament writings...
and retain the throne, or remain Muslim
Muslim
A Muslim, also spelled Moslem, is an adherent of Islam, a monotheistic, Abrahamic religion based on the Quran, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God as revealed to prophet Muhammad. "Muslim" is the Arabic term for "submitter" .Muslims believe that God is one and incomparable...
and lose the throne. He evidently chose Islam and was deposed.
The final years
After his removal from the throne by the BritishUnited Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, Kabaka Kalema went into exile
Exile
Exile means to be away from one's home , while either being explicitly refused permission to return and/or being threatened with imprisonment or death upon return...
in Bunyoro
Bunyoro
Bunyoro is a kingdom in Western Uganda. It was one of the most powerful kingdoms in East Africa from the 16th to the 19th century. It is ruled by the Omukama of Bunyoro...
. He died in exile from complications of smallpox
Smallpox
Smallpox was an infectious disease unique to humans, caused by either of two virus variants, Variola major and Variola minor. The disease is also known by the Latin names Variola or Variola vera, which is a derivative of the Latin varius, meaning "spotted", or varus, meaning "pimple"...
in January 1891. At the time of his death, his age is estimated to have been in the mid-twenties (20's). His remains were repatriated and buried at Mmende in Busiro.