Jules Armand Dufaure
Encyclopedia
Jules Armand Stanislas Dufaure (ʒyl aʁmɑ̃ dyfoʁ; 4 December 1798 – 28 June 1881) was a French statesman
.
, Charente-Maritime, and began his career as an advocate at Bordeaux
, where he won a great reputation by his oratorical gifts. He abandoned law for politics, and in 1834 was elected deputy. In 1839 he became minister of public works in the ministry of Jean-de-Dieu Soult, and succeeded in freeing railway construction in France from the obstacles which till then had hampered it.
Losing office in 1840, Dufaure became one of the leaders of the Opposition, and on the outbreak of the revolution of 1848 he accepted the Republic, and joined the party of moderate republicans. On 13 October he became minister of the interior under Louis-Eugène Cavaignac, but retired on the latter's defeat in the presidential election. During the Second French Empire
, Dufaure abstained from public life, and practised at the Paris bar with such success that he was elected bâtonnier in 1862.
In 1863 he succeeded to Étienne Pasquier
's seat in the French Academy. In 1871 he became a member of the Assembly, and proposed Adolphe Thiers
as President of the Republic. Dufaure became the minister of justice as chief of the party of the "left-centre," and his tenure of office was distinguished by the passage of the jury-law. In 1873 he fell with Thiers, but in 1875 resumed his former post under Louis Buffet
, whom he succeeded on 9 March 1876, the first to become president of the council (his predecessors wore the title of vice-presidents of the council). In the same year he was elected a life senator
. On 12 December he withdrew from the ministry owing to the attacks of the republicans of the left in the chamber and of the conservatives in the senate.
After the conservatives' defeat on 16 May, he returned to power on 24 December 1877. Early in 1879 Dufaure took part in compelling the resignation of Patrice MacMahon, duc de Magenta
, but immediately afterwards (1 February), worn out by opposition, he retired. As Prime Minister he served as the Acting President of the Republic on 30 January 1879.
See G Picot, M. Dufaure, sa vie et ses discours (Paris, 1883).
Changes
Changes
Changes
Statesman
A statesman is usually a politician or other notable public figure who has had a long and respected career in politics or government at the national and international level. As a term of respect, it is usually left to supporters or commentators to use the term...
.
Biography
Dufaure was born at SaujonSaujon
Saujon is a commune in the Charente-Maritime department in southwestern France.-Population:-References:*...
, Charente-Maritime, and began his career as an advocate at Bordeaux
Bordeaux
Bordeaux is a port city on the Garonne River in the Gironde department in southwestern France.The Bordeaux-Arcachon-Libourne metropolitan area, has a population of 1,010,000 and constitutes the sixth-largest urban area in France. It is the capital of the Aquitaine region, as well as the prefecture...
, where he won a great reputation by his oratorical gifts. He abandoned law for politics, and in 1834 was elected deputy. In 1839 he became minister of public works in the ministry of Jean-de-Dieu Soult, and succeeded in freeing railway construction in France from the obstacles which till then had hampered it.
Losing office in 1840, Dufaure became one of the leaders of the Opposition, and on the outbreak of the revolution of 1848 he accepted the Republic, and joined the party of moderate republicans. On 13 October he became minister of the interior under Louis-Eugène Cavaignac, but retired on the latter's defeat in the presidential election. During the Second French Empire
Second French Empire
The Second French Empire or French Empire was the Imperial Bonapartist regime of Napoleon III from 1852 to 1870, between the Second Republic and the Third Republic, in France.-Rule of Napoleon III:...
, Dufaure abstained from public life, and practised at the Paris bar with such success that he was elected bâtonnier in 1862.
In 1863 he succeeded to Étienne Pasquier
Étienne Pasquier
Étienne Pasquier , French lawyer and man of letters, was born at Paris, on 7 June 1529 by his own account, according to others a year earlier. He was called to the Paris bar in 1549....
's seat in the French Academy. In 1871 he became a member of the Assembly, and proposed Adolphe Thiers
Adolphe Thiers
Marie Joseph Louis Adolphe Thiers was a French politician and historian. was a prime minister under King Louis-Philippe of France. Following the overthrow of the Second Empire he again came to prominence as the French leader who suppressed the revolutionary Paris Commune of 1871...
as President of the Republic. Dufaure became the minister of justice as chief of the party of the "left-centre," and his tenure of office was distinguished by the passage of the jury-law. In 1873 he fell with Thiers, but in 1875 resumed his former post under Louis Buffet
Louis Buffet
Louis Joseph Buffet was a French statesman.He was born at Mirecourt, Vosges. After the revolution of February 1848 he was elected deputy for the department of the Vosges, and in the Assembly sat on the right, pronouncing for the repression of the insurrection of June 1848 and for Louis Napoleon...
, whom he succeeded on 9 March 1876, the first to become president of the council (his predecessors wore the title of vice-presidents of the council). In the same year he was elected a life senator
Senator for life
A senator for life is a member of the senate or equivalent upper chamber of a legislature who has life tenure. , 7 Italian Senators out of 322, 4 out of the 47 Burundian Senators and all members of the British House of Lords have lifetime tenure...
. On 12 December he withdrew from the ministry owing to the attacks of the republicans of the left in the chamber and of the conservatives in the senate.
After the conservatives' defeat on 16 May, he returned to power on 24 December 1877. Early in 1879 Dufaure took part in compelling the resignation of Patrice MacMahon, duc de Magenta
Patrice MacMahon, duc de Magenta
Marie Edme Patrice Maurice de Mac-Mahon, 1st Duke of Magenta was a French general and politician with the distinction Marshal of France. He served as Chief of State of France from 1873 to 1875 and as the first president of the Third Republic, from 1875 to 1879.-Early life:Born in Sully , in the...
, but immediately afterwards (1 February), worn out by opposition, he retired. As Prime Minister he served as the Acting President of the Republic on 30 January 1879.
See G Picot, M. Dufaure, sa vie et ses discours (Paris, 1883).
Dufaure's First Government, 19 February 1871 – 18 May 1873
- Jules Dufaure – President of the Council and Minister of Justice
- Jules FavreJules FavreJules Claude Gabriel Favre was a French statesman. After the establishment of the Third Republic in September 1870, he became one of the leaders of the Opportunist Republicans faction.- Early life :...
– Minister of Foreign Affairs - Adolphe Charles Le FlôAdolphe Charles Le FlôAdolphe Emmanuel Charles Le Flô was an French Army general and politician.-Life:He left Saint-Cyr in 1825...
– Minister of War - Ernest PicardErnest PicardLouis Joseph Ernest Picard was a French politician.He was born in Paris. After taking his doctorate in law in 1846 he joined the Parisian bar. Elected to the corps législatif in 1858, he became a follower of Émile Ollivier...
– Minister of the Interior - Louis BuffetLouis BuffetLouis Joseph Buffet was a French statesman.He was born at Mirecourt, Vosges. After the revolution of February 1848 he was elected deputy for the department of the Vosges, and in the Assembly sat on the right, pronouncing for the repression of the insurrection of June 1848 and for Louis Napoleon...
– Minister of Finance - Louis Marie Alexis Pothuau – Minister of Marine and Colonies
- Jules SimonJules SimonJules François Simon was a French statesman and philosopher, and one of the leader of the Opportunist Republicans faction.-Biography:Simon was born at Lorient. His father was a linen-draper from Lorraine, who renounced Protestantism before his second marriage with a Catholic Breton. Jules Simon...
– Minister of Public Instruction, Fine Arts, and Worship - Charles de Larcy – Minister of Public Works
- Félix Lambrecht – Minister of Agriculture and Commerce
Changes
- 25 February 1871 – Augustin Pouyter-QuertierAugustin Pouyter-QuertierAugustin Thomas Pouyer-Quertier, was Minister for Finance of France.He was born in Étouteville-en-Caux and died in Rouen....
succeeds Buffet as Minister of Finance. - 5 June 1871 – Ernest Courtot de CisseyErnest Courtot de CisseyErnest Louis Octave Courtot de Cissey was a French general.He was born in Paris, educated at the Prytanée National Militaire, and after passing through St Cyr, entered the army in 1832, becoming captain in 1839....
succeeds Le Flô as Minister of War. Félix Lambrecht succeeds Picard as Minister of the Interior. Victor LefrancVictor LefrancBernard Edme Victor Etienne Lefranc , French lawyer and politician, moderated republican, was under the French Third Republic Minister of Agriculture and Trade, then Interior Minister.- Life :...
succeeds Lambrecht as Minister of Agriculture and Commerce. - 2 August 1871 – The Comte de Rémusat, succeeds Favre as Minister of Foreign Affairs
- 11 October 1871 – Auguste Casimir-PerierAuguste Casimir-PerierAuguste Victor Laurent Casimir-Perier was a French diplomat and political leader. He was the son of Casimir Pierre Perier and the father of President Jean Casimir-Perier....
succeeds Lambrecht as Minister of the Interior - 6 February 1872 – Victor LefrancVictor LefrancBernard Edme Victor Etienne Lefranc , French lawyer and politician, moderated republican, was under the French Third Republic Minister of Agriculture and Trade, then Interior Minister.- Life :...
succeeds Casimir-Perier as Minister of the Interior. Eugène de Goulard succeeds Lefranc as Minister of Agriculture and Commerce. - 23 April 1872 – Eugène de Goulard succeeds Pouyer-Quertier as Minister of Finance. Pierre Teisserenc de Bort succeeds Goulard as Minister of Agriculture and Commerce.
- 7 December 1872 – Eugène de Goulard succeeds Lefranc as Minister of the Interior. Léon SayLéon SayJean-Baptiste Léon Say , French statesman and economist, was born in Paris.-Biography:The family was a most remarkable one. His grandfather Jean-Baptiste Say was a well-known economist. His brother Louis Auguste Say , director of a sugar refinery at Nantes, wrote several books against his theories...
succeeds Goulard as Minister of Finance. Oscar Bardi de Fourtou succeeds Larcy as Minister of Public Works.
Dufaure's Second Government, 18–25 May 1873
- Jules Dufaure – President of the Council and Minister of Justice
- Comte de Rémusat – Minister of Foreign Affairs
- Ernest Courtot de CisseyErnest Courtot de CisseyErnest Louis Octave Courtot de Cissey was a French general.He was born in Paris, educated at the Prytanée National Militaire, and after passing through St Cyr, entered the army in 1832, becoming captain in 1839....
– Minister of War - Auguste Casimir-PerierAuguste Casimir-PerierAuguste Victor Laurent Casimir-Perier was a French diplomat and political leader. He was the son of Casimir Pierre Perier and the father of President Jean Casimir-Perier....
– Minister of the Interior - Léon SayLéon SayJean-Baptiste Léon Say , French statesman and economist, was born in Paris.-Biography:The family was a most remarkable one. His grandfather Jean-Baptiste Say was a well-known economist. His brother Louis Auguste Say , director of a sugar refinery at Nantes, wrote several books against his theories...
– Minister of Finance - Louis Marie Alexis Pothuau – Minister of Marine and Colonies
- William Henry WaddingtonWilliam Henry WaddingtonWilliam Henry Waddington was a French statesman who was Prime Minister of France in 1879.-Early life and education:...
– Minister of Public Instruction - Oscar Bardi de Fourtou – Minister of Worship
- René BérengerRené BérengerRené Bérenger, born in Bourg-lès-Valence on and died Alincourt on , was a French lawyer, judge, and politician.He was the son of Alphonse-Marie-Marcellin-Thomas Bérenger, and followed his father into the legal profession. At the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, he was Avocat général...
– Minister of Public Works - Pierre Teisserenc de Bort – Minister of Agriculture and Commerce
Dufaure's Third Government, 23 February – 9 March 1876
- Jules Dufaure – President of the Council and Minister of the Interior and of Justice
- Louis DecazesLouis, duc DecazesLouis-Charles-Élie-Amanien Decazes de Glücksbierg, 2nd Duc de Decazes and 2nd Hertig af Glücksbierg, was a French statesman.-Biography:...
– Minister of Foreign Affairs - Ernest Courtot de CisseyErnest Courtot de CisseyErnest Louis Octave Courtot de Cissey was a French general.He was born in Paris, educated at the Prytanée National Militaire, and after passing through St Cyr, entered the army in 1832, becoming captain in 1839....
– Minister of War - Eugène Caillaux – Minister of Finance and Public Works
- Louis Raymond de Montaignac de Chauvannce – Minister of Marine and Colonies
- Henri WallonHenri WallonHenri-Alexandre Wallon was a French historian and statesman whose decisive contribution to the creation of the Third Republic led him to be called the "Father of the Republic"...
– Minister of Public Instruction, Fine Arts, and Worship - Vicomte de Meaux – Minister of Agriculture and Commerce
Dufaure's Fourth Government, 9 March – 12 December 1876
- Jules Dufaure – President of the Council and Minister of Justice
- Louis DecazesLouis, duc DecazesLouis-Charles-Élie-Amanien Decazes de Glücksbierg, 2nd Duc de Decazes and 2nd Hertig af Glücksbierg, was a French statesman.-Biography:...
– Minister of Foreign Affairs - Ernest Courtot de CisseyErnest Courtot de CisseyErnest Louis Octave Courtot de Cissey was a French general.He was born in Paris, educated at the Prytanée National Militaire, and after passing through St Cyr, entered the army in 1832, becoming captain in 1839....
– Minister of War - Amable Ricard – Minister of the Interior
- Léon SayLéon SayJean-Baptiste Léon Say , French statesman and economist, was born in Paris.-Biography:The family was a most remarkable one. His grandfather Jean-Baptiste Say was a well-known economist. His brother Louis Auguste Say , director of a sugar refinery at Nantes, wrote several books against his theories...
– Minister of Finance - Martin Fourichon – Minister of Marine
- William Henry WaddingtonWilliam Henry WaddingtonWilliam Henry Waddington was a French statesman who was Prime Minister of France in 1879.-Early life and education:...
– Minister of Public Instruction - Albert Christophle – Minister of Public Works
- Pierre Teisserenc de Bort – Minister of Agriculture and Commerce
Changes
- 11 May 1876 – Émile de Marcère succeeds Ricard as Minister of the Interior.
- 15 August 1876 – Jean Auguste Berthaud succeeds Courtot de Cissey as Minister of War.
Dufaure's Fifth Government, 13 December 1877 – 4 February 1879
- Jules Dufaure – President of the Council and Minister of Justice
- William Henry WaddingtonWilliam Henry WaddingtonWilliam Henry Waddington was a French statesman who was Prime Minister of France in 1879.-Early life and education:...
– Minister of Foreign Affairs - Jean-Louis BorelJean-Louis BorelJean-Louis Borel was a French general, aide de camp, and politician.He graduated from Saint-Cyr. He was aide de camp to MacMahon, in Algeria, the Crimean War.He was chief of staff to the National Guard....
– Minister of War - Émile de Marcère – Minister of the Interior
- Léon SayLéon SayJean-Baptiste Léon Say , French statesman and economist, was born in Paris.-Biography:The family was a most remarkable one. His grandfather Jean-Baptiste Say was a well-known economist. His brother Louis Auguste Say , director of a sugar refinery at Nantes, wrote several books against his theories...
– Minister of Finance - Louis Marie Alexis Pothuau – Minister of Marine and Colonies
- Agénor BardouxAgénor BardouxAgénor Bardoux was a French statesman and republican, son of Jacques Bardoux and wife Thérèse Pignet Agénor Bardoux (Bourges, Cher, 15 January 1829–Paris, 23 November 1897) was a French statesman and republican, son of Jacques Bardoux (Moulins, 3 February 1795 - Clermont-Ferrand, 8 January...
– Minister of Public Instruction, Fine Arts, and Worship - Charles de FreycinetCharles de FreycinetCharles Louis de Saulces de Freycinet was a French statesman and Prime Minister during the Third Republic; he belonged to the Opportunist Republicans faction. He was elected a member of the Academy of Sciences, and in 1890, the fourteen member to occupy seat the Académie française.-Early years:He...
– Minister of Public Works - Pierre Teisserenc de Bort – Minister of Agriculture and Commerce
Changes
- 16 May 1878 – Henri François Xavier GresleyHenri François Xavier GresleyHenri François Xavier Gresley was a French Minister of War.-Life:He was the son of Henry Francis Xavier and Nathalie Gresley Lariviere....
succeeds Borel as Minister of War.