Joseph Yulievich Karakis
Encyclopedia
Joseph Yulievich Karakis (or Iosif Karakys) ' onMouseout='HidePop("38430")' href="/topics/Balta">Balta
- 23 February 1988, Kiev
) - Soviet architect
, urban planner, painter
and teacher
, one of the most prolific Kiev architects.
Author of dozens building that are now considered architectural landmarks, more than two-thousand school
s
were built in the former Soviet Union from designes created by the author, and overall there were more than four thousand buildings built from his designs.
, to Karakis Julius Borisovich (1879-1943), co-owner and a worker of a sugar
factory
in Turbin and Karakis (maiden name Geybtman) Frida Jakovlevna (1882-1968). Joseph was the oldest child in the family and had a younger brother David Julevich Karakis (1904-1970) who have chosen a career military doctor
, and became colonel
and chief of medical squadron during World War II
.
From 1909 till 1917 Joseph Karakis studied at Vinnytsia
realschule
, while attending evening drawing classes of Abraham Cherkassky. In 1918, he worked as a painter decorator in Vinnytsia theater at Matthew Drak for the troupe of Gnat Yura, Ambrose Buchma and Marian Krushelnitska. In 1919 he joined the Red Army
as a volunteer where he served as an artist for the agitation
train. Since 1921 he worked as an artist for the Vinnytsia Commission on Monuments and art of antiquity. He was responsible in formation of the city museum
's gallery
and library
from the collection
of Princess
Branitskaya's mansion
in Nemyriv
.
In 1922 he was admitted to the Institute of National Economy at the Faculty of Law. A year later he gets admitted to Kiev Art Institute in the Faculty of Painting. During his studies he works as a theater artist (during the years of 1925-26 under the leadership of Nicholas Burachek). At the same time, in 1925, as a result of an influence by James Steinberg he transitions from a third year of having art major to a first year in an architectural department. In 1926, while studying, he worked as a senior technician in the construction of the Kiev railway station
with his teacher Alexander Verbitsky, then assistant to the design as well as the implementation of the Academy of Sciences and first in Ukraine house for doctor's families located on Big Zhitomir str. 17 in Kiev. In 1927, in a secret from their parents married sConservatory student of piano major Anna Kopman (1904-1993), who were considered one of the Kiev beauties.
In 1929 graduated with an architecture major. Architectural design was taught by P. Aleshin, A. Verbitsky and V. Rykov. Before the war, they built many homes and public buildings, among which - the Jewish
Theatre in Kiev, the National Museum of Ukraine and others during the war years - the construction of heavy engineering works in Rostankoproekte (Rostov-on-Don, Tashkent).
Since 1941 Associate Professor of Architectural Design at KARI.
From 1942 to 1944th - Chief architect of Architecture and Construction Bureau Farhadskaya GES (Begovat Uzbek SSR), the author of the dam, diversion channel, machine room layout and housing estates for
builders, operators and relocated to the territory of the Crimean Tatars.
After the war, working in Kiev Giprograde and Civil Engineering Institute, and from 1948-th - Chief of the Institute of the art industry of USSR Academy of Architecture.
In 1951, after another ideological "cleansing" was fired. The only person who championed the preservation of historical monuments during the period of "struggle with cosmopolitanism."
Since 1952 J. Karakis works in the Giprograd on the model design.
From 1963 till 1976 - Joseph Karakis Head of the Design department at the Architecture School in KievZNIIEP.
In 1977 Joseph Yul'evich following invintation of B. E. Yasievich (1929–1992) joined for some time Kiev Research Institute of History, Theory and prospective problems of Soviet architecture. There J. Karakis worked on development of the "Housing of the Near Future" prospect for building in Kiev.
Joseph Karakis died on February 23, 1988. He was buried at Baikovo cemetery besides his mother.
:
form, later renovated and decorated. Includes 1-2-room apartments.
In the city Begovat (Central Asia):
In the city of Kryvyi Rih
:
In the city of Kharkov:
In the city Skhomorohi (now Ozernoe)
:
In the city of Komsomolsk:
In the city of Kramatorsk:
In the city of Lugansk:
In the city of Moscow:
In the city Voroshilovgrad:
In the city of Tashkent
:
In the city of Chisinau:
In the city of Kramatorsk:
In addition:
Balta
-Places:*Balta, Shetland, an island in Scotland*Balta Sound, a sound on the east coast of the island of Unst in the Shetland Islands, Scotland*Bâlta, a village in the town of Filiaşi, Dolj County, Romania*Bâlta, a village in Runcu, Gorj, Romania...
- 23 February 1988, Kiev
Kiev
Kiev or Kyiv is the capital and the largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper River. The population as of the 2001 census was 2,611,300. However, higher numbers have been cited in the press....
) - Soviet architect
Architect
An architect is a person trained in the planning, design and oversight of the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to offer or render services in connection with the design and construction of a building, or group of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the...
, urban planner, painter
Painting
Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a surface . The application of the medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush but other objects can be used. In art, the term painting describes both the act and the result of the action. However, painting is...
and teacher
Teacher
A teacher or schoolteacher is a person who provides education for pupils and students . The role of teacher is often formal and ongoing, carried out at a school or other place of formal education. In many countries, a person who wishes to become a teacher must first obtain specified professional...
, one of the most prolific Kiev architects.
Author of dozens building that are now considered architectural landmarks, more than two-thousand school
School
A school is an institution designed for the teaching of students under the direction of teachers. Most countries have systems of formal education, which is commonly compulsory. In these systems, students progress through a series of schools...
s
were built in the former Soviet Union from designes created by the author, and overall there were more than four thousand buildings built from his designs.
Biography
Joseph Karakis was born on May 29, 1902 in the town of BaltaBalta
-Places:*Balta, Shetland, an island in Scotland*Balta Sound, a sound on the east coast of the island of Unst in the Shetland Islands, Scotland*Bâlta, a village in the town of Filiaşi, Dolj County, Romania*Bâlta, a village in Runcu, Gorj, Romania...
, to Karakis Julius Borisovich (1879-1943), co-owner and a worker of a sugar
Sugar
Sugar is a class of edible crystalline carbohydrates, mainly sucrose, lactose, and fructose, characterized by a sweet flavor.Sucrose in its refined form primarily comes from sugar cane and sugar beet...
factory
Factory
A factory or manufacturing plant is an industrial building where laborers manufacture goods or supervise machines processing one product into another. Most modern factories have large warehouses or warehouse-like facilities that contain heavy equipment used for assembly line production...
in Turbin and Karakis (maiden name Geybtman) Frida Jakovlevna (1882-1968). Joseph was the oldest child in the family and had a younger brother David Julevich Karakis (1904-1970) who have chosen a career military doctor
Physician
A physician is a health care provider who practices the profession of medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury and other physical and mental impairments...
, and became colonel
Colonel
Colonel , abbreviated Col or COL, is a military rank of a senior commissioned officer. It or a corresponding rank exists in most armies and in many air forces; the naval equivalent rank is generally "Captain". It is also used in some police forces and other paramilitary rank structures...
and chief of medical squadron during World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
.
From 1909 till 1917 Joseph Karakis studied at Vinnytsia
Vinnytsia
Vinnytsia is a city located on the banks of the Southern Bug, in central Ukraine. It is the administrative center of Vinnytsia Oblast.-Names:...
realschule
Realschule
The Realschule is a type of secondary school in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and Liechtenstein. It has also existed in Croatia , Denmark , Sweden , Hungary and in the Russian Empire .-History:The Realschule was an outgrowth of the rationalism and empiricism of the seventeenth and...
, while attending evening drawing classes of Abraham Cherkassky. In 1918, he worked as a painter decorator in Vinnytsia theater at Matthew Drak for the troupe of Gnat Yura, Ambrose Buchma and Marian Krushelnitska. In 1919 he joined the Red Army
Red Army
The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army started out as the Soviet Union's revolutionary communist combat groups during the Russian Civil War of 1918-1922. It grew into the national army of the Soviet Union. By the 1930s the Red Army was among the largest armies in history.The "Red Army" name refers to...
as a volunteer where he served as an artist for the agitation
Agitation
Agitation may refer to:* Agitation , putting into motion by shaking or stirring* Emotional state of excitement or restlessness** Psychomotor agitation, an extreme form of the above, which can be a side effect of antipsychotic medication...
train. Since 1921 he worked as an artist for the Vinnytsia Commission on Monuments and art of antiquity. He was responsible in formation of the city museum
Museum
A museum is an institution that cares for a collection of artifacts and other objects of scientific, artistic, cultural, or historical importance and makes them available for public viewing through exhibits that may be permanent or temporary. Most large museums are located in major cities...
's gallery
Art gallery
An art gallery or art museum is a building or space for the exhibition of art, usually visual art.Museums can be public or private, but what distinguishes a museum is the ownership of a collection...
and library
Library
In a traditional sense, a library is a large collection of books, and can refer to the place in which the collection is housed. Today, the term can refer to any collection, including digital sources, resources, and services...
from the collection
Collecting
The hobby of collecting includes seeking, locating, acquiring, organizing, cataloging, displaying, storing, and maintaining whatever items are of interest to the individual collector. Some collectors are generalists, accumulating merchandise, or stamps from all countries of the world...
of Princess
Princess
Princess is the feminine form of prince . Most often, the term has been used for the consort of a prince, or his daughters....
Branitskaya's mansion
Mansion
A mansion is a very large dwelling house. U.S. real estate brokers define a mansion as a dwelling of over . A traditional European mansion was defined as a house which contained a ballroom and tens of bedrooms...
in Nemyriv
Nemyriv
Nemyriv is a historic city in the Vinnytsia Oblast of western Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Nemyriv Raion . Nemyriv is one of the eldest cities in Vinnytska oblast, Ukraine...
.
In 1922 he was admitted to the Institute of National Economy at the Faculty of Law. A year later he gets admitted to Kiev Art Institute in the Faculty of Painting. During his studies he works as a theater artist (during the years of 1925-26 under the leadership of Nicholas Burachek). At the same time, in 1925, as a result of an influence by James Steinberg he transitions from a third year of having art major to a first year in an architectural department. In 1926, while studying, he worked as a senior technician in the construction of the Kiev railway station
Train station
A train station, also called a railroad station or railway station and often shortened to just station,"Station" is commonly understood to mean "train station" unless otherwise qualified. This is evident from dictionary entries e.g...
with his teacher Alexander Verbitsky, then assistant to the design as well as the implementation of the Academy of Sciences and first in Ukraine house for doctor's families located on Big Zhitomir str. 17 in Kiev. In 1927, in a secret from their parents married sConservatory student of piano major Anna Kopman (1904-1993), who were considered one of the Kiev beauties.
In 1929 graduated with an architecture major. Architectural design was taught by P. Aleshin, A. Verbitsky and V. Rykov. Before the war, they built many homes and public buildings, among which - the Jewish
Theatre in Kiev, the National Museum of Ukraine and others during the war years - the construction of heavy engineering works in Rostankoproekte (Rostov-on-Don, Tashkent).
Since 1941 Associate Professor of Architectural Design at KARI.
From 1942 to 1944th - Chief architect of Architecture and Construction Bureau Farhadskaya GES (Begovat Uzbek SSR), the author of the dam, diversion channel, machine room layout and housing estates for
builders, operators and relocated to the territory of the Crimean Tatars.
After the war, working in Kiev Giprograde and Civil Engineering Institute, and from 1948-th - Chief of the Institute of the art industry of USSR Academy of Architecture.
In 1951, after another ideological "cleansing" was fired. The only person who championed the preservation of historical monuments during the period of "struggle with cosmopolitanism."
Since 1952 J. Karakis works in the Giprograd on the model design.
From 1963 till 1976 - Joseph Karakis Head of the Design department at the Architecture School in KievZNIIEP.
In 1977 Joseph Yul'evich following invintation of B. E. Yasievich (1929–1992) joined for some time Kiev Research Institute of History, Theory and prospective problems of Soviet architecture. There J. Karakis worked on development of the "Housing of the Near Future" prospect for building in Kiev.
Joseph Karakis died on February 23, 1988. He was buried at Baikovo cemetery besides his mother.
Projects
In KievKiev
Kiev or Kyiv is the capital and the largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper River. The population as of the 2001 census was 2,611,300. However, higher numbers have been cited in the press....
:
- National Historical Museum of UkraineNational Historical Museum of UkraineUkrainian Museum of National History was built in 1937-1939 by architect Joseph Karakis in Kiev.-Description:Originally the building was made for the School of Music. Since 1944 it started to function as a National Historical Museum....
; - House Officers - Str. Grushevskogo, 30 / 1 - now the Central Museum of Armed Forces of Ukraine;
- The stairs and retaining wall with lanterns at the entrance to the site of the National Museum of History of Ukraine on the street. Vladimir;
- The building of the "model" schools on field lane, 10 with GI Voloshinov and Aleshin, P.F. (1929);
- House of the Red Army and Navy in Kiev (1932);
- Reconstruction of the club in Aviagorodke (1933–1934);
- Restaurant "Dinamo" (1932–1934);
- Reconstruction of the Theatre of the Red Army on the street. Meringovskoy (1938);
- Music School and Concert Hall of the Conservatory of Music Alley (1936–1937);
- Nursery Plant Arsenal on the street. January Uprising (1939);
- Art School (1938);
- Jewish theater on Khreshchatyk str. 17 (1939);
- Residential house in Holosievo Forestry Institute (1931);
- 10-storey residential house in the style of constructivism in the street. Mazeppa (January Uprising). (1934–37)
- Residential building on the January Uprising str. 3 (1934–1936);
- Government Area (1935–1936)
- Residential house on the street. October 25 (st. Institutskaya № 15-17) (1935–1937);
- Dwelling house quo St George st. (1937);
- Residential house for senior officers on the street. Zolotovorotskoy, 2 (1936);
- River Station in Kiev in co-authorship with N. Holostenko. Rewarded [draft] (1940);
- Residential house on the street. Streletskaya, 12 (1939–1940);
- The residential complex of the State Planning Commission on a street. October 25 (1938–1941);
- The second phase of the quarter on the street. January Uprising, 5 (1939–1940);
- Houses of the pilot plant on the street. German and st. Laboratory (1939–1940);
- Dwelling house gallery type (1940–1941, 1949) - In the house for workers of the Kiev shoe factory number 4 has been implemented completely atypical for Kiev gallery-system, typical of southern regions.
- Staircases are located on both sides of the body, the passage to the apartments through the open gallery. This design save 15% of funds in the construction of the building. Before the war, was built in draft
form, later renovated and decorated. Includes 1-2-room apartments.
- Gallery type houses with 50 apartments on Vishgorod and Nekrasov streets (1939–1941);
- Building on Kreschatik, 29 (destroyed in the explosion Kreschatik) (1939–1941);
- Machining shop pilot plant (1940);
- Experimental School in the boulevard of Peoples' Friendship № 12 (1958);
- Model School (1953–1955 years)..
- Experimental Secondary School № 80 before school located square with a fountain. (1960);
In the city Begovat (Central Asia):
- Farkhad Dam: dam, machine room, the diversion canal (2 km.) aqueduct Farkhad HPS (1942–1944);
- Housing estates Farhadskaya GES 1000 and 500 (1943–1945);
- Detached house for the construction of hydroelectric Farhadskaya (1943).
- In years, Kryvyi Rih, Vinnitsa , etc.:
- Cinema at the 1000 spectators (1934–1935).
In the city of Kryvyi Rih
Kryvyi Rih
Kryvyi Rih or Krivoy Rog is a city in central Ukraine. It is situated in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, to the southwest of the oblast's administrative center, Dnipropetrovsk, at the confluence of the Inhulets and Saksahan rivers...
:
- Sotsgorodok (1933–1936).
In the city of Kharkov:
- House of the Red Army and Navy (1934);
- House Co-operative societies (in collaboration with VI Zabolotny and P. Yurchenko) [draft] (1940)
- School on the street. Louis Pasteur (awarded first prize contest for the best building) (1954).
In the city Skhomorohi (now Ozernoe)
Ozerne (Zhytomyr Oblast)
Ozerne is a town in Zhytomyr Raion, Zhytomyr Oblast, Ukraine. The population was 5,913 . It's home to a military air base....
:
- House of the Red Army (1933–1934).
In the city of Komsomolsk:
- Music School.
In the city of Kramatorsk:
- Palace of Culture im.Stalina (Co-authored with L. Yurovsky) [draft] (1940)
In the city of Lugansk:
- Hotel "October" (now called "Ukraine") (built in 1947–1952).
In the city of Moscow:
- Kursk Station. (Co-authored with L. Yurchenko and S. Tatarenko Award) [draft] (1932)
In the city Voroshilovgrad:
- School.
- Museum of the Revolution [project] (1940)
In the city of Tashkent
Tashkent
Tashkent is the capital of Uzbekistan and of the Tashkent Province. The officially registered population of the city in 2008 was about 2.2 million. Unofficial sources estimate the actual population may be as much as 4.45 million.-Early Islamic History:...
:
- Abrasive Works (1942);
- School № 110 them. THShevchenko at 2600 students in the district "Ukrainian" (1969).
In the city of Chisinau:
- Monument Kotovsk (in collaboration with the sculptor LD Muravina), custom competition (1947).
In the city of Kramatorsk:
- Experimental School (1962).
In addition:
- Pilot schools for children who recover from cerebral palsy in Odessa and Berdyansk (1963);
- Experimental school for mentally retarded children in Zaporizhzhya (1964);
- School of square classes in Kramatorsk (1965);
- Consolidation of school buildings on 2,032 students pavilion type in Donetsk on the river Kal'mius (1965)
- Pilot school buildings large capacity in Makhachkala, Baku, Voroshilovgrad, Dnipridzerzhinsk (1966–1969);
- School in Komsomolsk;
- Ukraine, the RSFSR and other republics:
- From 1953 to 1975 was developed jointly with a team of employees over 40 model projects of different capacities of secondary schools, boarding schools and music which has built more than four thousand buildings in Ukraine, schools, and other republics of the RSFSR (1954-198?).
Selected Publications by Joseph Karakis
- In Russian : "За комплексную застройку // Архитектурная газета. — 1936. — 8 июня. — № 32"
- In Ukrainian : "Яким повинно бути житло // Більшовик. — 1936. — 5 серпня. — № 181"
- In Ukrainian : "Про план житлового осередку // Соціалістичний Київ. — 1936. — № 6 (співавтор І. Дубов)"
- In Ukrainian : "Школи художнього виховання // Соціалістичний Київ. — 1937. — № 2"
- In Ukrainian : "Жилий квартал над Дніпром // Соціалістичний Київ. — 1937. — № 4
- In Russian: "Жилой дом на Украине // Архитектурная газета — 1937. — 18 апреля. — № 22
- In Russian: "Архитектура жилья на Украине: 20 лет Великой Социалистической революции // Архитектурная газета. — 1937. — 8 октября. — № 69
- In Ukrainian : "Будівництво і проектування сільських шкіл на Україні // Радянська школа. — 1938. — № 4
- In Ukrainian : "Колгоспний клуб // Архітектура Радянської України. — 1941. — № 6"
- In Russian: "Экспериментальное проектирование жилых микрорайонов // Вестник ГИПРОГРАДа. — К., 1946"
- In Ukrainian : "Москва радянська // Вісник Академії архітектури УРСР. — 1947. — № 2"
- In Russian: "Хозяйственные сооружения в системе двухэтажной жилой застройки // Техническая информация / ГИПРОГРАД. — К., 1952. — № 3"
- In Russian: "Здание гостиницы в г. Ворошиловграде // Техническая информация / ГИПРОГРАД. — К., 1952. — № 14"
- In Russian: "Экспериментальный проект жилого дома галерейного типа на 72 квартиры // Техническая информация / ГИПРОГРАД. — К., 1956. — № 1"
- In Russian: "Галерейные жилые дома // Архитектура СССР. — 1957. — № 4"
- In Russian: "Типовое проектирование школ-интернатов // Строительство и архитектура. — 1957. — № 3; Будівництво і архітектура. — 1957. — № 3"
- In Russian: "К вопросу проектирования новых типов школьных зданий (Из опыта типового проектирования ГИПРОГРАДа) // Проектирование и строительство школьных зданий. — К., 1958."
- In Russian: "Средняя школа на 400 учащихся: Некоторые конструктивные и планировочные особенности школьных зданий, проектируемых из крупных стеновых блоков // Проектирование и строительство школьных зданий. — К., 1958"
- In Russian: "Однокомнатные квартиры в галерейном доме // Строительство и архитектура. — 1958. — № 1; Будівництво і архітектура. — 1958. — № 1 (соавтор Х. Заривайская)"
- In Russian: "Типовой проект семилетней музыкальной школы на 200—300 учащихся // Техническая информация / ГИПРОГРАД. — К., 1958. — № 7 (134)"
- In Russian: "Пути улучшения экономических и бытовых качеств жилья // Техническая информация / ГИПРОГРАД. — К., 1958. — № 8-9 (135—136)"
- In Russian: "Новые типовые проекты // Техническая информация / ГИПРОГРАД. — К., 1958. — № 10"
- In Russian: "Жилые дома галерейного типа для строительства в VII и VIII пятилетках // Техническая информация / ГИПРОГРАД — К., 1958 — № 10"
- In Russian: "Типовой проект семилетней музыкальной школы на 200—300 учащихся // Техническая информация / ГИПРОГРАД — К., 1958. — № 7"
- In Russian: "Новые типовые проекты: О домах галерейного типа // Жилищное строительство. — 1958. — № 11"
- In Russian: "Пути улучшения планировки жилья // Строительство и архитектура. — 1959. — № 1; Будівництво і архітектура. — 1959. — № 1"
- In Russian: "Жилой корпус на 600 воспитанников [школы-интерната] в Киеве // Строительство и архитектура. — 1959. — № 2 (соавторы Н.Савченко, А.Волненко)"
- In Russian: "Номенклатура домов галерейного типа для строительства в Украинской ССР // Жилищное строительство. — 1959. — № 2"
- In Russian: "Нова, незвична… // Київський будівельник—1960. — 16 червня. — № 24"
- In Russian: "От эксперимента — к массовому строительству: Комплексная серия типовых проектов школ и школ-интернатов // Строительство и архитектура. — 1960. — № 11 (соавтор В. Городской)"
- In Russian: "Экспериментальная школа в Киеве // Жилищное строительство — 1961 — № 4"
- In Russian: "Кооперирование и размещение школ и школьных городков в современной жилой застройке // Архитектура учебно-воспитательных зданий в жилой застройке. — М., 1976"
- In Russian: "Жилище ближайшего будущего (Научно-творческое поисковое исследование): Отчет о НИР / Киевский научно-исследовательский институт теории, истории и перспективных проблем советской архитектуры (ныне — НИИТИАГ). Инв. № 1071. — К., 1977. — 29 с."
- and more..
Students
Various people consider themselves to be students of Karakis. Most of them studied and worked with the architect from 1933 to 1952. Several later became famous Soviet and Ukrainian architects: Anatoly Dobrovolsky, Abraham Moiseevich Miletsky, Yuri Aseev, Valentin Ezhov, Vadim Skugarev, Boris Zhezherin, Anatoly Ignaschenko, Viktor Chepelyk, Zoya V. Moiseenko, Boris M. Davidson (Karakis helped him to defend his doctoral architectural thesis), Yuriy Khimich. Several of his students later became writers, among them Victor Nekrasov Platonovich and Leonid S. Serpilin. One of the students is his daughter Irma Karakis, who later got a Ph.D. in architecture and became a senior researcher. She has long worked as head of sector KievZNIIEP interior, design institute, which later, together with a model design department got her disgraced father.In Memory
During the celebration of the 100 years since the birth of Karakis Y.I. the following were released:- Five different designs of city phone calling cards with a portrait and works Karakis A.
- Detailed Color Catalog (over 200 page) covering most important works of the architect
- Memorial posters
- Site created by ministry of culture with author's works