Johann Georg Heinrich Feder
Encyclopedia
Johann Georg Heinrich Feder (15 May 1740 in Schornweisach – 22 May 1821 in Hanover
) was a German philosopher.
, Bavaria
) in the Principality of Bayreuth
, the son of Martin Heinrich Feder († 1749), the village pastor
. Feder studied theology and pedagogy at Erlangen. From 1768 to 1782 he was Professor of Philosophy at the University of Göttingen. At the time of his death he was Director of the Pageninstitut.
His writings were widely read at the time due to their clear and tasteful mode of presentation. Feder decisively countered Kant
's idealism
. He gained notoriety through his abbreviation of Christian Garve
's review of Kant's Critique of Pure Reason. As philosopher Feder belonged to the better representatives of the eclectics
tending towards the Leibniz-Wolff
School.
Hanover
Hanover or Hannover, on the river Leine, is the capital of the federal state of Lower Saxony , Germany and was once by personal union the family seat of the Hanoverian Kings of Great Britain, under their title as the dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg...
) was a German philosopher.
Life
Feder was born on 15 May 1740 in the village of Schornweisach (now a part of UehlfeldUehlfeld
Uehlfeld is a municipality in the district of Neustadt -Bad Windsheim in the administrative region of Middle Franconia in northern Bavaria in Germany.-Geography:Uehlfeld is located in the valley of the Aisch...
, Bavaria
Bavaria
Bavaria, formally the Free State of Bavaria is a state of Germany, located in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the largest state by area, forming almost 20% of the total land area of Germany...
) in the Principality of Bayreuth
Principality of Bayreuth
The Principality of Bayreuth or Brandenburg-Bayreuth was a reichsfrei principality in the Holy Roman Empire centered on the Bavarian city of Bayreuth. Until 1604 its capital city was Kulmbach; then the margraves used their palaces in Bayreuth as their residence...
, the son of Martin Heinrich Feder († 1749), the village pastor
Pastor
The word pastor usually refers to an ordained leader of a Christian congregation. When used as an ecclesiastical styling or title, this role may be abbreviated to "Pr." or often "Ps"....
. Feder studied theology and pedagogy at Erlangen. From 1768 to 1782 he was Professor of Philosophy at the University of Göttingen. At the time of his death he was Director of the Pageninstitut.
His writings were widely read at the time due to their clear and tasteful mode of presentation. Feder decisively countered Kant
KANT
KANT is a computer algebra system for mathematicians interested in algebraic number theory, performing sophisticated computations in algebraic number fields, in global function fields, and in local fields. KASH is the associated command line interface...
's idealism
Idealism
In philosophy, idealism is the family of views which assert that reality, or reality as we can know it, is fundamentally mental, mentally constructed, or otherwise immaterial. Epistemologically, idealism manifests as a skepticism about the possibility of knowing any mind-independent thing...
. He gained notoriety through his abbreviation of Christian Garve
Christian Garve
Christian Garve was one of the best-known philosophers of the late Enlightenment along with Immanuel Kant and Moses Mendelssohn.-Life:...
's review of Kant's Critique of Pure Reason. As philosopher Feder belonged to the better representatives of the eclectics
Eclecticism
Eclecticism is a conceptual approach that does not hold rigidly to a single paradigm or set of assumptions, but instead draws upon multiple theories, styles, or ideas to gain complementary insights into a subject, or applies different theories in particular cases.It can sometimes seem inelegant or...
tending towards the Leibniz-Wolff
Christian Wolff (philosopher)
Christian Wolff was a German philosopher.He was the most eminent German philosopher between Leibniz and Kant...
School.
Works
- Sex dies, intra quos opus creationis absolutum, quales fuerint (1759).
- Homo natura non ferus (1765).
- Grundriss der philosophischen Wissenschaften (1767). 2nd ed., 1769.
- Vom Werthe des systematischen Denkens (1767).
- Der neue Emil (1768-1774). 2 volumes.
- Volume 1, 1768. 2nd ed., 1771. 3rd ed., 1774.
- Volume 2, 1774.
- Logik und Metaphysik im Grundriss (1769). 3rd ed., 1783. Google (UMich)
- Lehrbuch der praktischen Philosophie (1770).
- Institutiones logicae et metaphysicae (1777).
- Untersuchungen über den menschlichen Willen (1779-1793). 4 volumes.
- Volume 1, 1779.
- Volume 2, 1782.
- Volume 3, 1786.
- Volume 4, 1793.
- Grundlehren zur Kenntniß des menschlichen Willens (1783). 2nd ed., 1785. Google (Lausanne)
- Ueber Raum und Causalität, zur Prüfung der kantischen Philosophie (1787).
- (ed.) Philosophische Bibliothek (1788-1791). 4 volumes.
- Grundsätze der Logik und Metaphysik (1794).
- Sophie Churfürstin von Hannover im Umriss (1810).
- Handbuch über das Staats- Rechnungs- und Kassen-Wesen (1820). Google (UMich)
- Feders Leben, Natur und Grundsätze (1825). [Feder's autobiography, edited by his son Karl August Ludwig]