Job shops
Encyclopedia
Job shops are typically small manufacturing
businesses that handle job production
, that is, custom/bespoke or semi-custom/bespoke manufacturing processes such as small to medium-size customer orders or batch jobs. Job shops typically move on to different jobs (possibly with different customers) when each job is completed. By the nature of this type of manufacturing operation, job shops are usually specialized in skill
and processes. In computer science the problem of job shop scheduling is considered strongly NP-hard
.
A typical example would be a machine shop who makes specialized components for the aerospace industry. Such parts are made in relatively small quantities compared to components such as standard bolts or rivets. Other types of common job shops are grinding
, honing, jig-boring
, gear manufacturing
, and fabrication
shops.
The opposite would be continuous flow manufactures such as textile, steel,food manufacturing and manual labor.
Manufacturing
Manufacturing is the use of machines, tools and labor to produce goods for use or sale. The term may refer to a range of human activity, from handicraft to high tech, but is most commonly applied to industrial production, in which raw materials are transformed into finished goods on a large scale...
businesses that handle job production
Job production
Job production, sometimes called jobbing, involves producing a one-off product for a specific customer. Job production is most often associated with small firms but large firms use job production too...
, that is, custom/bespoke or semi-custom/bespoke manufacturing processes such as small to medium-size customer orders or batch jobs. Job shops typically move on to different jobs (possibly with different customers) when each job is completed. By the nature of this type of manufacturing operation, job shops are usually specialized in skill
Skill
A skill is the learned capacity to carry out pre-determined results often with the minimum outlay of time, energy, or both. Skills can often be divided into domain-general and domain-specific skills...
and processes. In computer science the problem of job shop scheduling is considered strongly NP-hard
NP-hard
NP-hard , in computational complexity theory, is a class of problems that are, informally, "at least as hard as the hardest problems in NP". A problem H is NP-hard if and only if there is an NP-complete problem L that is polynomial time Turing-reducible to H...
.
A typical example would be a machine shop who makes specialized components for the aerospace industry. Such parts are made in relatively small quantities compared to components such as standard bolts or rivets. Other types of common job shops are grinding
Grinding (abrasive cutting)
Grinding is an abrasive machining process that uses a grinding wheel as the cutting tool.A wide variety of machines are used for grinding:* Hand-cranked knife-sharpening stones * Handheld power tools such as angle grinders and die grinders...
, honing, jig-boring
Jig borer
The jig borer is a type of machine tool invented at the end of World War I to make possible the quick-yet-very-precise location of hole centers. It was invented independently in the United States and Switzerland...
, gear manufacturing
Gear manufacturing
- Materials :The majority of gears are composed of carbon and low-alloy steels, including carburised steels. Among the carburised steels used in gears are 1018, 1524, 4026, 4118, 4320, 4620, 4820, 8620 and 9310. The intended gear use will dictate the material used in its creation...
, and fabrication
Fabrication (metal)
Fabrication as an industrial term refers to building metal structures by cutting, bending, and assembling. The cutting part of fabrication is via sawing, shearing, or chiseling ; torching with handheld torches ; and via CNC cutters...
shops.
The opposite would be continuous flow manufactures such as textile, steel,food manufacturing and manual labor.