Jaljulia
Encyclopedia
Jaljulia officially also spelled Jaljulye, is an Arab
town in Israel
near Kfar Sava. In 2011, it had a population of 9,000.
he established.
In 1596, Jaljulia was part of the Ottoman Empire
, nahiya (subdistrict) of Banu Sa´b under the Liwa
of Nablus
, with a population of 100 households ("Khana"). It paid taxes on a number of crops, including wheat
and barley
, as well as "summer crops", "occasional revenues", "goats and bees", and a market toll. There was also a poll tax, jizya
, on the Christians and Jews in the locality.
In the late 19th century, Jaljulia was described as a large adobe
village on the plain. The mosque was described as fine, but ruined. A ruined Khan was also mentioned. Water was supplied by a well on the west side of the village.
During the First World War, the village was on the Ottoman front line and was damaged by British artillery.
By 1945, the village had 740 inhabitants, all classified as Arabs. They owned a total of 11,873 dunam
s of land, while 447 dunams were public. Jews owned 365 dunams of land.
After the 1948 war
, Jaljulia was on the Arab side of the ceasefire line and its land was confiscated by Israel. It was transferred to Israel in the 1951 armistice agreement but failed to recover its land, which had been given to new Israeli settlements.
At present the structure consists of one large vaulted chamber, and three small barrel-vaulted cells. A large second chamber to the west was destroyed by British artillery during World War I
.
The Khan is located opposite side of the road of the mosque.
The Khan was built by Sayf al-Din Tankiz, the governor of Damascus 1312-1340, and it was still functioning in the 16th century, when it was mentioned in an Ottoman
firman
. In the 19th century it was seen by Guérin, who described it as a beautiful khan with a (ruined) polygonal minaret
.
Petersen, who surveyed the structure in 1996, found the courtyard entirely overgrown and it was not possible to detect any features within, however, he notes that a 19th century visitor had mentioned that there was "a great round well" in the centre.
.
Arab
Arab people, also known as Arabs , are a panethnicity primarily living in the Arab world, which is located in Western Asia and North Africa. They are identified as such on one or more of genealogical, linguistic, or cultural grounds, with tribal affiliations, and intra-tribal relationships playing...
town in Israel
Israel
The State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...
near Kfar Sava. In 2011, it had a population of 9,000.
History
In Roman times the village was known as Galgulis, while during the Crusader period it was referred to as Jorgilia. In 1241 C.E. (663 H) it is known that the Sultan Baybars allocated equal shares of the village to three of his amirs. One of these, amir Badr al-Din Baktash al-Fakri, included his section of the village in a waqfWaqf
A waqf also spelled wakf formally known as wakf-alal-aulad is an inalienable religious endowment in Islamic law, typically denoting a building or plot of land for Muslim religious or charitable purposes. The donated assets are held by a charitable trust...
he established.
In 1596, Jaljulia was part of the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
, nahiya (subdistrict) of Banu Sa´b under the Liwa
Liwa
*Liwa "Liwa" means "standard" or "banner" in Arabic.*Liwa *Liwa geography*Chad**Liwa in Mamdi Department*Oman**Liwa, Oman**Liwa Province, Oman *United Arab Emirates**Liwa Oasis *Poland...
of Nablus
Nablus
Nablus is a Palestinian city in the northern West Bank, approximately north of Jerusalem, with a population of 126,132. Located in a strategic position between Mount Ebal and Mount Gerizim, it is the capital of the Nablus Governorate and a Palestinian commercial and cultural center.Founded by the...
, with a population of 100 households ("Khana"). It paid taxes on a number of crops, including wheat
Wheat
Wheat is a cereal grain, originally from the Levant region of the Near East, but now cultivated worldwide. In 2007 world production of wheat was 607 million tons, making it the third most-produced cereal after maize and rice...
and barley
Barley
Barley is a major cereal grain, a member of the grass family. It serves as a major animal fodder, as a base malt for beer and certain distilled beverages, and as a component of various health foods...
, as well as "summer crops", "occasional revenues", "goats and bees", and a market toll. There was also a poll tax, jizya
Jizya
Under Islamic law, jizya or jizyah is a per capita tax levied on a section of an Islamic state's non-Muslim citizens, who meet certain criteria...
, on the Christians and Jews in the locality.
In the late 19th century, Jaljulia was described as a large adobe
Adobe
Adobe is a natural building material made from sand, clay, water, and some kind of fibrous or organic material , which the builders shape into bricks using frames and dry in the sun. Adobe buildings are similar to cob and mudbrick buildings. Adobe structures are extremely durable, and account for...
village on the plain. The mosque was described as fine, but ruined. A ruined Khan was also mentioned. Water was supplied by a well on the west side of the village.
During the First World War, the village was on the Ottoman front line and was damaged by British artillery.
By 1945, the village had 740 inhabitants, all classified as Arabs. They owned a total of 11,873 dunam
Dunam
A dunam or dönüm, dunum, donum, dynym, dulum was a non-SI unit of land area used in the Ottoman Empire and representing the amount of land that can be plowed in a day; its value varied from 900–2500 m²...
s of land, while 447 dunams were public. Jews owned 365 dunams of land.
After the 1948 war
1948 Palestine war
The 1948 Palestine war refers to the events in the British Mandate of Palestine between the United Nations vote on the partition plan on November 30, 1947, to the end of the first Arab-Israeli war on July 20, 1949.The war is divided into two phases:...
, Jaljulia was on the Arab side of the ceasefire line and its land was confiscated by Israel. It was transferred to Israel in the 1951 armistice agreement but failed to recover its land, which had been given to new Israeli settlements.
Landmarks
The mosque is locally known as Jami Abu´l - Awn, which associates it with the 15th-century religious leader Shams al-Din Abu´l - Awn Muhammad al-Ghazzi, who is known to have come from the town. The architecture of the mosque is, according to Petersen, consistent with a 15th or early 16th century construction date.At present the structure consists of one large vaulted chamber, and three small barrel-vaulted cells. A large second chamber to the west was destroyed by British artillery during World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
.
The Khan is located opposite side of the road of the mosque.
The Khan was built by Sayf al-Din Tankiz, the governor of Damascus 1312-1340, and it was still functioning in the 16th century, when it was mentioned in an Ottoman
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
firman
Firman
A firman is a royal mandate or decree issued by a sovereign in certain historical Islamic states, including the Ottoman Empire, Mughal Empire, State of Hyderabad, and Iran under Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi. The word firman comes from the meaning "decree" or "order"...
. In the 19th century it was seen by Guérin, who described it as a beautiful khan with a (ruined) polygonal minaret
Minaret
A minaret مناره , sometimes مئذنه) is a distinctive architectural feature of Islamic mosques, generally a tall spire with an onion-shaped or conical crown, usually either free standing or taller than any associated support structure. The basic form of a minaret includes a base, shaft, and gallery....
.
Petersen, who surveyed the structure in 1996, found the courtyard entirely overgrown and it was not possible to detect any features within, however, he notes that a 19th century visitor had mentioned that there was "a great round well" in the centre.
Sports
In 2010, a tennis school was established in Jaljulia by Iman Jabber and Daniel Kessel. In 2011, 50 girls and 20 boys signed up for tennis lessons. The school organizes coexistence matches between Jaljulia and Ra'ananaRa'anana
Ra'anana is a city in the heart of the southern Sharon Plain of the Central District of Israel with a population of 68,300, . Ra'anana is bordered by Kfar Sava on the east and Herzliya on the southwest...
.