Isotopes of titanium
Encyclopedia
Naturally occurring titanium
(Ti) is composed of 5 stable isotope
s; 46Ti, 47Ti, 48Ti, 49Ti and 50Ti with 48Ti being the most abundant (73.8% natural abundance
). Twenty-one radioisotopes have been characterized, with the most stable being 44Ti with a half-life
of 60 years, 45Ti with a half-life of 184.8 minutes, 51Ti with a half-life of 5.76 minutes, and 52Ti with a half-life of 1.7 minutes. All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have half-lives that are less than 33 seconds and the majority of these have half-lives that are less than half a second. The least stable is
61Ti, but it has a half-life somewhat longer than 300 nanoseconds.
The isotopes of titanium range in atomic weight
from 38.01 u (38Ti) to 62.99 u (63Ti). The primary decay mode
before the most abundant stable isotope, 48Ti, is β+
and the primary mode after is β-. The primary decay product
s before 48Ti are scandium
isotopes and the primary products after are vanadium
isotopes.
Standard atomic mass: 47.867(1) u
Titanium
Titanium is a chemical element with the symbol Ti and atomic number 22. It has a low density and is a strong, lustrous, corrosion-resistant transition metal with a silver color....
(Ti) is composed of 5 stable isotope
Isotope
Isotopes are variants of atoms of a particular chemical element, which have differing numbers of neutrons. Atoms of a particular element by definition must contain the same number of protons but may have a distinct number of neutrons which differs from atom to atom, without changing the designation...
s; 46Ti, 47Ti, 48Ti, 49Ti and 50Ti with 48Ti being the most abundant (73.8% natural abundance
Natural abundance
In chemistry, natural abundance refers to the abundance of isotopes of a chemical element as naturally found on a planet. The relative atomic mass of these isotopes is the atomic weight listed for the element in the periodic table...
). Twenty-one radioisotopes have been characterized, with the most stable being 44Ti with a half-life
Half-life
Half-life, abbreviated t½, is the period of time it takes for the amount of a substance undergoing decay to decrease by half. The name was originally used to describe a characteristic of unstable atoms , but it may apply to any quantity which follows a set-rate decay.The original term, dating to...
of 60 years, 45Ti with a half-life of 184.8 minutes, 51Ti with a half-life of 5.76 minutes, and 52Ti with a half-life of 1.7 minutes. All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have half-lives that are less than 33 seconds and the majority of these have half-lives that are less than half a second. The least stable is
61Ti, but it has a half-life somewhat longer than 300 nanoseconds.
The isotopes of titanium range in atomic weight
Atomic weight
Atomic weight is a dimensionless physical quantity, the ratio of the average mass of atoms of an element to 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon-12...
from 38.01 u (38Ti) to 62.99 u (63Ti). The primary decay mode
Radioactive decay
Radioactive decay is the process by which an atomic nucleus of an unstable atom loses energy by emitting ionizing particles . The emission is spontaneous, in that the atom decays without any physical interaction with another particle from outside the atom...
before the most abundant stable isotope, 48Ti, is β+
Beta decay
In nuclear physics, beta decay is a type of radioactive decay in which a beta particle is emitted from an atom. There are two types of beta decay: beta minus and beta plus. In the case of beta decay that produces an electron emission, it is referred to as beta minus , while in the case of a...
and the primary mode after is β-. The primary decay product
Decay product
In nuclear physics, a decay product is the remaining nuclide left over from radioactive decay. Radioactive decay often involves a sequence of steps...
s before 48Ti are scandium
Scandium
Scandium is a chemical element with symbol Sc and atomic number 21. A silvery-white metallic transition metal, it has historically been sometimes classified as a rare earth element, together with yttrium and the lanthanoids...
isotopes and the primary products after are vanadium
Vanadium
Vanadium is a chemical element with the symbol V and atomic number 23. It is a hard, silvery gray, ductile and malleable transition metal. The formation of an oxide layer stabilizes the metal against oxidation. The element is found only in chemically combined form in nature...
isotopes.
Standard atomic mass: 47.867(1) u
Table
| nuclide symbol |
Z(p Proton The proton is a subatomic particle with the symbol or and a positive electric charge of 1 elementary charge. One or more protons are present in the nucleus of each atom, along with neutrons. The number of protons in each atom is its atomic number.... ) |
N(n Neutron The neutron is a subatomic hadron particle which has the symbol or , no net electric charge and a mass slightly larger than that of a proton. With the exception of hydrogen, nuclei of atoms consist of protons and neutrons, which are therefore collectively referred to as nucleons. The number of... ) |
isotopic mass (u) |
half-life | decay mode(s)Abbreviations: EC: Electron capture Electron capture Electron capture is a process in which a proton-rich nuclide absorbs an inner atomic electron and simultaneously emits a neutrino... |
daughter isotope(s)Bold for stable isotopes |
nuclear spin |
representative isotopic composition (mole fraction) |
range of natural variation (mole fraction) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| excitation energy | |||||||||||||||
| 38Ti | 22 | 16 | 38.00977(27)# | <120 ns | 2p Proton emission Proton emission is a type of radioactive decay in which a proton is ejected from a nucleus. Proton emission can occur from high-lying excited states in a nucleus following a beta decay, in which case the process is known as beta-delayed proton emission, or can occur from the ground state of very... |
36Ca | 0+ | ||||||||
| 39Ti | 22 | 17 | 39.00161(22)# | 31(4) ms [31(+6-4) ms] |
β+ Beta decay In nuclear physics, beta decay is a type of radioactive decay in which a beta particle is emitted from an atom. There are two types of beta decay: beta minus and beta plus. In the case of beta decay that produces an electron emission, it is referred to as beta minus , while in the case of a... , p (85%) |
38Ca | 3/2+# | ||||||||
| β+ (15%) | 39Sc | ||||||||||||||
| β+, 2p (<.1%) | 37K | ||||||||||||||
| 40Ti | 22 | 18 | 39.99050(17) | 53.3(15) ms | β+ (56.99%) | 40Sc | 0+ | ||||||||
| β+, p (43.01%) | 39Ca | ||||||||||||||
| 41Ti | 22 | 19 | 40.98315(11)# | 80.4(9) ms | β+, p (>99.9%) | 40Ca | 3/2+ | ||||||||
| β+ (<.1%) | 41Sc | ||||||||||||||
| 42Ti | 22 | 20 | 41.973031(6) | 199(6) ms | β+ | 313.0(10) keV | 12.6(6) µs | (3/2+) | |||||||
| 43m2Ti | 3066.4(10) keV | 560(6) ns | (19/2-) | ||||||||||||
| 44Ti | 22 | 22 | 43.9596901(8) | 60.0(11) a | EC Electron capture Electron capture is a process in which a proton-rich nuclide absorbs an inner atomic electron and simultaneously emits a neutrino... |
44Sc | 0+ | ||||||||
| 45Ti | 22 | 23 | 44.9581256(11) | 184.8(5) min | β+ | 45Sc | 7/2- | ||||||||
| 46Ti | 22 | 24 | 45.9526316(9) | Stable | 0+ | 0.0825(3) | |||||||||
| 47Ti | 22 | 25 | 46.9517631(9) | Stable | 5/2- | 0.0744(2) | |||||||||
| 48Ti | 22 | 26 | 47.9479463(9) | Stable | 0+ | 0.7372(3) | |||||||||
| 49Ti | 22 | 27 | 48.9478700(9) | Stable | 7/2- | 0.0541(2) | |||||||||
| 50Ti | 22 | 28 | 49.9447912(9) | Stable | 0+ | 0.0518(2) | |||||||||
| 51Ti | 22 | 29 | 50.946615(1) | 5.76(1) min | β- | 51V | 3/2- | ||||||||
| 52Ti | 22 | 30 | 51.946897(8) | 1.7(1) min | β- | 52V | 0+ | ||||||||
| 53Ti | 22 | 31 | 52.94973(11) | 32.7(9) s | β- | 53V | (3/2)- | ||||||||
| 54Ti | 22 | 32 | 53.95105(13) | 1.5(4) s | β- | 54V | 0+ | ||||||||
| 55Ti | 22 | 33 | 54.95527(16) | 490(90) ms | β- | 55V | 3/2-# | ||||||||
| 56Ti | 22 | 34 | 55.95820(21) | 164(24) ms | β- (>99.9%) | 56V | 0+ | ||||||||
| β-, n Neutron emission Neutron emission is a type of radioactive decay of atoms containing excess neutrons, in which a neutron is simply ejected from the nucleus. Two examples of isotopes which emit neutrons are helium-5 and beryllium-13... (<.1%) |
55V | ||||||||||||||
| 57Ti | 22 | 35 | 56.96399(49) | 60(16) ms | β- (>99.9%) | 57V | 5/2-# | ||||||||
| β-, n (<.1%) | 56V | ||||||||||||||
| 58Ti | 22 | 36 | 57.96697(75)# | 54(7) ms | β- | 58V | 0+ | ||||||||
| 59Ti | 22 | 37 | 58.97293(75)# | 30(3) ms | β- | 59V | (5/2-)# | ||||||||
| 60Ti | 22 | 38 | 59.97676(86)# | 22(2) ms | β- | 60V | 0+ | ||||||||
| 61Ti | 22 | 39 | 60.98320(97)# | 10# ms [>300 ns] |
β- | 61V | 1/2-# | ||||||||
| β-, n | 60V | ||||||||||||||
| 62Ti | 22 | 40 | 61.98749(97)# | 10# ms | 0+ | ||||||||||
| 63Ti | 22 | 41 | 62.99442(107)# | 3# ms | 1/2-# | ||||||||||