Ischyrocyon is an extinct genus of large, mostly carnivorous mammal

Mammal

Mammals are members of a class of air-breathing vertebrate animals characterised by the possession of endothermy, hair, three middle ear bones, and mammary glands functional in mothers with young...

s (bone-crushers) known as bear dog

Bear dog

Amphicyonidae is an extinct family of large terrestrial carnivores belonging to the suborder Caniformia and which inhabited North America, Europe, Asia, and Africa from the Middle Eocene subepoch to the Pleistocene epoch 46.2—1.8 Mya, existing for approximately .-Taxonomy:Amphicyonidae was named...

s, of the family

Family (biology)

In biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...

 Amphicyonidae, subfamily Amphicyoninae

Amphicyoninae

Amphicyoninae is a subfamily of extinct Amphicyonidae, large terrestrial carnivores belonging to the suborder Caniformia and which inhabited North America, Europe, Eurasia, Asia. and Africa from ~22.4—4.9 Ma. Amphicyoninae existed for approximately ~.Amphicyoninae was named by Trouessart...

, which inhabited North America

North America

North America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...

 during the Miocene

Miocene

The Miocene is a geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about . The Miocene was named by Sir Charles Lyell. Its name comes from the Greek words and and means "less recent" because it has 18% fewer modern sea invertebrates than the Pliocene. The Miocene follows the Oligocene...

 living from ~16.3—10.3 Ma and existed for approximately .

Taxonomy

Ischyrocyon was named by Matthew and Gidley (1904). Its type is Ischyrocyon hyaenodus. It was assigned to Amphicyonidae by Matthew and Gidley (1904) and Carroll (1988); and to Amphicyoninae

Amphicyoninae

Amphicyoninae is a subfamily of extinct Amphicyonidae, large terrestrial carnivores belonging to the suborder Caniformia and which inhabited North America, Europe, Eurasia, Asia. and Africa from ~22.4—4.9 Ma. Amphicyoninae existed for approximately ~.Amphicyoninae was named by Trouessart...

 by Hunt (1998).

Fossil distribution

• Blair Junction, Esmeralda County, Nevada
  Esmeralda County, Nevada
  Esmeralda County is a county in the west of U.S. state of Nevada. Its county seat is Goldfield. Its 2000 census population was officially 971, making its population density 0.1045 inhabitants/km² , the second-lowest of any county-equivalent outside of Alaska. As of 2010, the population had...
  
   ~14.2—11.7 Ma.
• Hemicyon Quarry Site, San Bernardino County, California
  San Bernardino County, California
  San Bernardino County is a county in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2010 census, the population was 2,035,210, up from 1,709,434 as of the 2000 census...
  
   ~14.0 Ma.
• Adam Risley Ranch Site, Donley County, Texas
  Donley County, Texas
  Donley County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2000, its population was 3,828. It is named for Stockton P. Donley, a frontier lawyer. Its county seat is Clarendon....
  
   ~12—11.7 Ma.
• WaKeeney (Unit C) Trego County, Kansas
  Trego County, Kansas
  Trego County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kansas. As of the 2010 census, the county population was 3,001...
  
   ~11.8—11.7 Ma.
• Olcott Hill, Sioux County, Nebraska
  Sioux County, Nebraska
  -National protected areas:* Agate Fossil Beds National Monument* Nebraska National Forest * Oglala National Grassland -Demographics:...
  
   ~11.9 Ma.
• Iron Canyon Site
  Iron Canyon Site
  The Iron Canyon Site is a Miocene assemblage of vertebrate fossils located in Kern County, California within the Dove Spring Formation dating from ~23.03—5.33 Ma.-Specimens located:Proboscidea *GomphotheriumRhinocerotidae...
  
  , Kern County, California
  Kern County, California
  Spreading across the southern end of the California Central Valley, Kern County is the fifth-largest county by population in California. Its economy is heavily linked to agriculture and to petroleum extraction, and there is a strong aviation and space presence. Politically, it has generally...
  
   ~11.8—11.9 Ma.
• Bluejay Quarry Site, Antelope County, Nebraska
  Antelope County, Nebraska
  Antelope County is a county located in the U.S. state of Nebraska, and was formed in 1871. As of 2010, the population estimate was 6,685. Its county seat is Neligh...
  
  ~11.8 Ma.