International Vaccine Institute
Encyclopedia
The International Vaccine Institute (IVI) is an international organization exclusively devoted to vaccine research and development for people in developing countries, especially children. It was established at the initiative of the United Nations Development Programme
(UNDP) under the Vienna Convention 1969 with the signatures so far of 40 countries and the World Health Organization (WHO) The IVI is headquartered in Seoul, Korea.
United Nations Development Programme
The United Nations Development Programme is the United Nations' global development network. It advocates for change and connects countries to knowledge, experience and resources to help people build a better life. UNDP operates in 177 countries, working with nations on their own solutions to...
(UNDP) under the Vienna Convention 1969 with the signatures so far of 40 countries and the World Health Organization (WHO) The IVI is headquartered in Seoul, Korea.
Achievements
- IVI has developed 3 new or improved vaccines: reformulated oral choleraCholeraCholera is an infection of the small intestine that is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. The main symptoms are profuse watery diarrhea and vomiting. Transmission occurs primarily by drinking or eating water or food that has been contaminated by the diarrhea of an infected person or the feces...
vaccine, typhoid Vi polysaccharidePolysaccharidePolysaccharides are long carbohydrate molecules, of repeated monomer units joined together by glycosidic bonds. They range in structure from linear to highly branched. Polysaccharides are often quite heterogeneous, containing slight modifications of the repeating unit. Depending on the structure,...
vaccine, and typhoid Vi conjugate vaccineConjugate vaccineA conjugate vaccine is created by covalently attaching a poor antigen to a carrier protein , thereby conferring the immunological attributes of the carrier on the attached antigen...
. - IVI was the first to identify that Japanese encephalitisJapanese EncephalitisJapanese encephalitis —previously known as Japanese B encephalitis to distinguish it from von Economo's A encephalitis—is a disease caused by the mosquito-borne Japanese encephalitis virus. The Japanese encephalitis virus is a virus from the family Flaviviridae. Domestic pigs and wild birds are...
is a major problem in Bali, IndonesiaBaliBali is an Indonesian island located in the westernmost end of the Lesser Sunda Islands, lying between Java to the west and Lombok to the east...
. - IVI and the National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases(NICED) jointly established a major vaccine study site in Kolkata, IndiaKolkataKolkata , formerly known as Calcutta, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal. Located on the east bank of the Hooghly River, it was the commercial capital of East India...
. - IVI scientists developed the first animal modelAnimal modelAn animal model is a living, non-human animal used during the research and investigation of human disease, for the purpose of better understanding the disease without the added risk of causing harm to an actual human being during the process...
of Shigella colitis for use in developing a ShigellaShigellaShigella is a genus of Gram-negative, nonspore forming, non-motile, rod-shaped bacteria closely related to Escherichia coli and Salmonella. The causative agent of human shigellosis, Shigella causes disease in primates, but not in other mammals. It is only naturally found in humans and apes. During...
vaccine. - Since 2000, IVI has hosted an annual International Advanced Course on Vaccinology for the Asia-PacificAsia-PacificAsia-Pacific or Asia Pacific is the part of the world in or near the Western Pacific Ocean...
Region to build country capacity in vaccine-related research. - IVI demonstrated for the first time that killed oral cholera vaccine is effective in populations with high rates of HIVHIVHuman immunodeficiency virus is a lentivirus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome , a condition in humans in which progressive failure of the immune system allows life-threatening opportunistic infections and cancers to thrive...
/AIDS(Mozambique).