Il Becco Giallo was the most important antifascist satirical magazine of the 1920s and 1930s in Italy. It was founded by Alberto Giannini in 1924. In 1926 the fascist regime forced Giannini to close it and emigrate to France. The editorial column of the first issue sided clearly against fascism:
Luigi Pirandello

Luigi Pirandello

Luigi Pirandello was an Italian dramatist, novelist, and short story writer awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1934, for his "bold and brilliant renovation of the drama and the stage." Pirandello's works include novels, hundreds of short stories, and about 40 plays, some of which are written...

, for his devotion to Benito Mussolini

Benito Mussolini

Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini was an Italian politician who led the National Fascist Party and is credited with being one of the key figures in the creation of Fascism....

, was one of Becco Giallo satirical target, and used to be called P.Randello (randello in Italian means club

Club (weapon)

A club is among the simplest of all weapons. A club is essentially a short staff, or stick, usually made of wood, and wielded as a weapon since prehistoric times....

).

In the same period, emerged in Italy two magazines that were charecterized for developing an innovative surreal humour

Surreal humour

Surreal humour is a form of humour based on violations of causal reasoning with events and behaviours that are logically incongruent. Constructions of surreal humour involve bizarre juxtapositions, non-sequiturs, irrational situations, and/or expressions of nonsense.The humour arises from a...

, the Bertoldo

Bertoldo

The Bertoldo was a weekly magazine of surreal humour that run under Italian Fascism. While the Becco Giallo magazine put out a courageus political satire against the fascist regime, the reactionary authors of the Bertoldo, like Marcello Marchesi, as well as thise of Marc'Aurelio, developed a kind...

and the Marc'Aurelio; the authors of these magazines were reactionaries that avoided political satire to comply with the regime.

See also

• L'Asino, earlier satirical magazine. Stood against fascism and was forced to close in 1925.
• Literary and news magazine Omnibus, by Leo Longanesi
• The ferocious satirical magazine of the late 1970s: Il Male, Cannibale and Frigidaire
  Frigidaire
  Frigidaire is a brand of consumer and commercial appliances. Frigidaire was founded as the Guardian Frigerator Company in Fort Wayne, Indiana, and developed the first self-contained refrigerator in 1916. In 1918, William C...
  
  

Further reading

• Oreste Del Buono, Lietta Tornabuoni (editors) (1972) Il becco giallo, Feltrinelli,
• Il becco giallo. La satira di sinistra, a cura di Walter Marossi, Milano, M&B Publishing, 1999