The Hunan–Jiangxi Soviet (Xiang-Gan Suweiai, 湘赣苏维埃) was a constituent part of the Chinese Soviet Republic, an unrecognised sovereign state that existed from November 1931 to 1935 (arguably continuing on from its new capital at Yan'an

Yan'an

Yan'an , is a prefecture-level city in the Shanbei region of Shaanxi province in China, administering several counties, including Zhidan County , which served as the Chinese communist capital before the city of Yan'an proper took that role....

). Before that declaration of over-arching statehood, the area was known as the Hunan-Jiangxi Revolutionary Base (Xiang-Gan Geming Genjudi, 湘赣革命根据地).

Government & Geography

The Revolutionary Base headquarters and later constituent Soviet administrative centre was at Lianhua County

Lianhua, Jiangxi

-Revolutionary History:Hard on the Hunan border, Lianhua was the headquarters of the Eastern Hunan Red Army Independent Division, and thus the administrative centre for the Hunan-Jiangxi Soviet, a constituent part of the Chinese Soviet Republic of the early 1930s....

 in the present-day Pingxiang

Pingxiang, Jiangxi

Pingxiang is a medium-sized prefecture-level city located in western Jiangxi province, China.-Geography and climate:Pingxiang is located in the remote mountainous region of the border between Jiangxi and Hunan. It is approximately 100 miles from Changsha, the capital of Hunan, and about 200 from...

 municipal region.

Lianhua lies in the Luoxiao Mountains

Luoxiao Mountains

The Luoxiao Mountains form a mountain range in the People's Republic of China, on the border between Jiangxi and Hunan provinces....

, running roughly north-south between the two provinces. The range also nestled the famous Jinggangshan

Jinggangshan

Jinggangshan is located in the Luoxian Mountains , in the remote border region between Jiangxi and Hunan provinces of China. It lies at the junction of four counties - Ninggang, Yongxing, Suichuan and Lingxian. The mountains cover some 670 km², with an average elevation of 381.5 m above sea...

 redoubt of the anti-Rightist troops of the abortive Autumn Harvest Uprising

Autumn Harvest Uprising

The Autumn Harvest Uprising was an insurrection that took place in Hunan province and Jiangxi province, China on September 7, 1927, led by Mao Zedong, who established a short-lived Hunan Soviet....

 of 1927.

Civil War Battles

The Hunan–Jiangxi Soviet's main armed force was known as the South-Eastern Hunan Red Army Independent Division. Until March 1931 it had been known as the Eastern Hunan Red Army Independent Division.

The Soviet successfully defended itself against a series of Nationalist Government attacks from January 29 to March 24, 1931, known as the Encirclement Campaign against Hunan-Jiangxi Soviet

Encirclement Campaign against Hunan-Jiangxi Soviet

The Encirclement Campaign against the Hunan-Jiangxi Soviet was a series of battles in the border region of Hunan and Jiangxi provinces initiated by the Chinese Kuomintang Party / Government...

.

Moving out in August 1934, the Soviet's military (by now designated Sixth Army Group) crossed the Xiangjiang (湘江) and climbed into the Miao-nation

Miao people

The Miao or ม้ง ; ) is an ethnic group recognized by the government of the People's Republic of China as one of the 55 official minority groups. Miao is a Chinese term and does not reflect the self-designations of the component nations of people, which include Hmong, Hmu, A Hmao, and Kho Xiong...

 (Hmong-nation

Hmong people

The Hmong , are an Asian ethnic group from the mountainous regions of China, Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand. Hmong are also one of the sub-groups of the Miao ethnicity in southern China...

) mountain homeland, there to join in October the forces of the Hunan-Hubei-Sichuan-Guizhou Soviet

Hunan-Hubei-Sichuan-Guizhou Soviet

The Hunan–Hubei–Sichuan–Guizhou Soviet , was a revolutionary base area and constituent part of the Chinese Soviet Republic ....

. The combined force under general He Long

He Long

He Long was a Chinese military leader. He rose to the rank of Marshal and Vice Premier after the founding of the People's Republic of China.-Early life:He Long was a member of the Tujia ethnic group...

 was redesignated the Second Front Red Army.