The Hunan–Hubei–Sichuan–Guizhou Soviet (湘鄂川黔苏维埃, Xiang-E-Chuan-Qian Suweiai), was a revolutionary base area and constituent part of the Chinese Soviet Republic (1930–1935).

It was established by the Chinese communist

Communist Party of China

The Communist Party of China , also known as the Chinese Communist Party , is the founding and ruling political party of the People's Republic of China...

 general He Long

He Long

He Long was a Chinese military leader. He rose to the rank of Marshal and Vice Premier after the founding of the People's Republic of China.-Early life:He Long was a member of the Tujia ethnic group...

, who had brought his Second Army Group out from the collapsing Hunan-Western Hubei Soviet. The new Soviet was bolstered in October 1934 by units of the Sixth Army Group (formerly the Eastern Hunan Red Army Independent Division) which had fled the collapsing Hunan-Jiangxi Soviet

Hunan-Jiangxi Soviet

The Hunan–Jiangxi Soviet was a constituent part of the Chinese Soviet Republic, an unrecognised sovereign state that existed from November 1931 to 1935...

 the previous August. The new soviet's combined force was redesignated the Second Front Red Army, He Long commanding.

The Soviet comprised counties which are located in the modern Chinese prefectures

Prefecture (China)

The term Prefectures, or the more formal prefectural level divisions, in the context of China, is used to refer to several unrelated political divisions in both ancient and modern China. Other than provincial level divisions, prefectural level divisions are not mentioned in the Chinese constitution...

 of Western Hunan Tujia-nation and Miao-nation Autonomous

Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture

Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture is an autonomous prefecture of the People's Republic of China. It is located in western Hunan province. Zhangjiajie and Sangzhi used to be parts of this autonomous prefecture. It consists of 1 city, Jishou, and 7 counties:Baojing, Fenghuang, Guzhang,...

 (湘西恩施土家族苗族自治州), Hunan

Hunan

' is a province of South-Central China, located to the south of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and south of Lake Dongting...

, Enshi Tujia-nation & Miao-nation Autonomous

Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture

-Demographics:The total area is 24,000 square kilometers, and the population is 3,800,000. 52.6% of the population belong to the Tujia and Miao nations, who -while officially minority nations- are thus a majority here...

 (恩施土家族苗族自治州), Hubei

Hubei

' Hupeh) is a province in Central China. The name of the province means "north of the lake", referring to its position north of Lake Dongting...

, and Tongren (铜仁地区), Guizhou

Guizhou

' is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the southwestern part of the country. Its provincial capital city is Guiyang.- History :...

 and in the modern unemprovinced municipal region of Chongqing

Chongqing

Chongqing is a major city in Southwest China and one of the five national central cities of China. Administratively, it is one of the PRC's four direct-controlled municipalities , and the only such municipality in inland China.The municipality was created on 14 March 1997, succeeding the...

. (From 1997 Chongqing has no longer been part of Sichuan

Sichuan

' , known formerly in the West by its postal map spellings of Szechwan or Szechuan is a province in Southwest China with its capital in Chengdu...

 Province; the administrative lines of the 1930s Soviet counties Youyang Tujia-nation and Miao-nation Autonomous

Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County

Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County, or Youyang County for short is located in southeastern Chongqing Municipality, China.* Area: 5,173 km²* Population: 760,000...

 (酉阳土家族苗族自治县) and Xiushan Tujia-nation and Miao-nation Autonomous (秀山土家族苗族自治县) thus run to Beijing through Chongqing rather than Chengdu

Chengdu

Chengdu , formerly transliterated Chengtu, is the capital of Sichuan province in Southwest China. It holds sub-provincial administrative status...

).