Honorary titles in Russia
Encyclopedia
Honorary titles of Russian Federation are title
s given to people of Russia
for their professional and other achievements.
During the Soviet Union
a system of professional honorary titles for the USSR was created to be used across the USSR, in Union republics
, and Autonomous republic
s republics. The awards were also used in some other Eastern bloc
states and communist states. Post-Soviet states modelled some of their awards on the Soviet award system.
Most of these awards have been retained in the Russian Federation, the list consists of the following:
Title
A title is a prefix or suffix added to someone's name to signify either veneration, an official position or a professional or academic qualification. In some languages, titles may even be inserted between a first and last name...
s given to people of Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
for their professional and other achievements.
During the Soviet Union
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
a system of professional honorary titles for the USSR was created to be used across the USSR, in Union republics
Republics of the Soviet Union
The Republics of the Soviet Union or the Union Republics of the Soviet Union were ethnically-based administrative units that were subordinated directly to the Government of the Soviet Union...
, and Autonomous republic
Autonomous republic
An autonomous republic is a type of administrative division similar to a province. A significant number of autonomous republics can be found within the successor states of the Soviet Union, but the majority are located within Russia. Many of these republics were established during the Soviet...
s republics. The awards were also used in some other Eastern bloc
Eastern bloc
The term Eastern Bloc or Communist Bloc refers to the former communist states of Eastern and Central Europe, generally the Soviet Union and the countries of the Warsaw Pact...
states and communist states. Post-Soviet states modelled some of their awards on the Soviet award system.
Most of these awards have been retained in the Russian Federation, the list consists of the following:
- National ArtistArtistAn artist is a person engaged in one or more of any of a broad spectrum of activities related to creating art, practicing the arts and/or demonstrating an art. The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse is a practitioner in the visual arts only...
of Russian Federation (also translated as "People's Artist of RussiaPeople's Artist of RussiaPeople's Artist of Russia, also sometimes translated as National Artist of Russia, is an honorary title granted to citizens of Russia.It succeeded both the all-Soviet union award People's Artist of the USSR , and more directly the local republic award, People's Artist of the RSFSR , after the...
") — compare People's Artist of the USSRPeople's Artist of the USSRPeople's Artist of the USSR, also sometimes translated as National Artist of the USSR, was an honorary title granted to citizens of the Soviet Union.- Nomenclature and significance :...
This term is confusing in English languageEnglish languageEnglish is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria...
, because in Russian languageRussian languageRussian is a Slavic language used primarily in Russia, Belarus, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. It is an unofficial but widely spoken language in Ukraine, Moldova, Latvia, Turkmenistan and Estonia and, to a lesser extent, the other countries that were once constituent republics...
this translation corresponds to two different titles: "Narodny Artist" and "Narodny Khudoznik".
"Artist" in Russian means ActorActorAn actor is a person who acts in a dramatic production and who works in film, television, theatre, or radio in that capacity...
, but historically "Narodny Artist" has been translated as "People's Artist". At the same time, "People's Actor" is not literally correct either, because this title is also applicable, e.g., to musicianMusicianA musician is an artist who plays a musical instrument. It may or may not be the person's profession. Musicians can be classified by their roles in performing music and writing music.Also....* A person who makes music a profession....
s and screenwriterScreenwriterScreenwriters or scriptwriters or scenario writers are people who write/create the short or feature-length screenplays from which mass media such as films, television programs, Comics or video games are based.-Profession:...
s, i.e., to the people working in performing artsPerforming artsThe performing arts are those forms art which differ from the plastic arts insofar as the former uses the artist's own body, face, and presence as a medium, and the latter uses materials such as clay, metal or paint which can be molded or transformed to create some physical art object...
.
"Khudozhnik", while literally meaning "PainterPaintingPainting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a surface . The application of the medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush but other objects can be used. In art, the term painting describes both the act and the result of the action. However, painting is...
", is applicable to other kinds of artists of visual artsVisual artsThe visual arts are art forms that create works which are primarily visual in nature, such as ceramics, drawing, painting, sculpture, printmaking, design, crafts, and often modern visual arts and architecture...
See People's Artist of the USSRPeople's Artist of the USSRPeople's Artist of the USSR, also sometimes translated as National Artist of the USSR, was an honorary title granted to citizens of the Soviet Union.- Nomenclature and significance :...
for details. - National Painter of Russian Federation (or People's Painter of Russian Federation — see the explanation above)
- Meritorious AgronomistAgronomistAn agronomist is a scientist who specializes in agronomy, which is the science of utilizing plants for food, fuel, feed, and fiber. An agronomist is an expert in agricultural and allied sciences, with the exception veterinary sciences.Agronomists deal with interactions between plants, soils, and...
of Russian Federation - Meritorious ArchitectArchitectAn architect is a person trained in the planning, design and oversight of the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to offer or render services in connection with the design and construction of a building, or group of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the...
of Russian Federation - Meritorious Art Worker of Russian Federation
- Meritorious ArtistMeritorious ArtistMeritorious Artist , also translated as Merited Artist, Deserved Artist or Distinguished Artist or Honorary Artist or Honorable Actor) is an honorary title in the Soviet Union, Russian Federation, Union republics, and Autonomous republics, also in some other Eastern bloc states, as well as in a...
of Russian Federation (sometimes translated as "Deserved Artist" or "Honorary Artist") - Meritorious Builder of Russian Federation
- Meritorious ChemistChemistA chemist is a scientist trained in the study of chemistry. Chemists study the composition of matter and its properties such as density and acidity. Chemists carefully describe the properties they study in terms of quantities, with detail on the level of molecules and their component atoms...
of Russian Federation - Meritorious Culture Worker of Russian Federation
- Meritorious DesignerDesignerA designer is a person who designs. More formally, a designer is an agent that "specifies the structural properties of a design object". In practice, anyone who creates tangible or intangible objects, such as consumer products, processes, laws, games and graphics, is referred to as a...
of Russian Federation - Meritorious Drainage Engineer of Russian Federation
- Meritorious Ecology Worker of Russian Federation
- Meritorious EconomistEconomistAn economist is a professional in the social science discipline of economics. The individual may also study, develop, and apply theories and concepts from economics and write about economic policy...
of Russian Federation - Meritorious Energy Worker of Russian Federation
- Meritorious Experimental Fighter Pilot of Russian Federation
- Meritorious Experimental PilotAviatorAn aviator is a person who flies an aircraft. The first recorded use of the term was in 1887, as a variation of 'aviation', from the Latin avis , coined in 1863 by G. de la Landelle in Aviation Ou Navigation Aérienne...
of Russian Federation - Meritorious FarmerFarmerA farmer is a person engaged in agriculture, who raises living organisms for food or raw materials, generally including livestock husbandry and growing crops, such as produce and grain...
of Russian Federation - Meritorious Farming Industry Engineer of Russian Federation
- Meritorious Fighter Pilot of Russian Federation
- Meritorious Forestry Worker of Russian Federation.
- Meritorious GeologistGeologistA geologist is a scientist who studies the solid and liquid matter that constitutes the Earth as well as the processes and history that has shaped it. Geologists usually engage in studying geology. Geologists, studying more of an applied science than a theoretical one, must approach Geology using...
of Russian Federation - Meritorious Health Worker of Russian Federation
- Meritorious Inventor of Russian Federation
- Meritorious LawyerLawyerA lawyer, according to Black's Law Dictionary, is "a person learned in the law; as an attorney, counsel or solicitor; a person who is practicing law." Law is the system of rules of conduct established by the sovereign government of a society to correct wrongs, maintain the stability of political...
of Russian Federation - Meritorious Machine EngineerEngineerAn engineer is a professional practitioner of engineering, concerned with applying scientific knowledge, mathematics and ingenuity to develop solutions for technical problems. Engineers design materials, structures, machines and systems while considering the limitations imposed by practicality,...
of Russian Federation - Meritorious Master of Production Training of Russian Federation
- Meritorious Medical Doctor of Russian Federation
- Meritorious Metal Industry Worker of Russian Federation
- Meritorious Meteorologist of Russian Federation
- Meritorious MetrologistMetrologistMetrologists perform metrology work involving precision measurement and comparison of physical quantities such as mass, length, time, force, speed, voltage and current. They calibrate precision equipment which measures these physical units. They may also certify that outside standards of such...
of Russian Federation - Meritorious Military Specialist of Russian Federation
- Meritorious MinerMinerA miner is a person whose work or business is to extract ore or minerals from the earth. Mining is one of the most dangerous trades in the world. In some countries miners lack social guarantees and in case of injury may be left to cope without assistance....
of Russian Federation - Meritorious PainterPaintingPainting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a surface . The application of the medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush but other objects can be used. In art, the term painting describes both the act and the result of the action. However, painting is...
of Russian Federation - Meritorious PilotAviatorAn aviator is a person who flies an aircraft. The first recorded use of the term was in 1887, as a variation of 'aviation', from the Latin avis , coined in 1863 by G. de la Landelle in Aviation Ou Navigation Aérienne...
of Russian Federation - Meritorious RationalizerRationalizationRationalization may refer to:*Rationalization , the means of transition from a traditional society into a rationalized one*Rationalization , the process of constructing a logical justification for a decision that was originally arrived at through a different mental process*Rationalization , an...
of Russian Federation - Meritorious Rescuer of Russian Federation
- Meritorious ScientistScientistA scientist in a broad sense is one engaging in a systematic activity to acquire knowledge. In a more restricted sense, a scientist is an individual who uses the scientific method. The person may be an expert in one or more areas of science. This article focuses on the more restricted use of the word...
of Russian Federation - Meritorious Social Worker of Russian Federation.
- Meritorious TeacherTeacherA teacher or schoolteacher is a person who provides education for pupils and students . The role of teacher is often formal and ongoing, carried out at a school or other place of formal education. In many countries, a person who wishes to become a teacher must first obtain specified professional...
of Russian Federation - Meritorious University Worker of Russian Federation
- Meritorious Veterinary DoctorVeterinarianA veterinary physician, colloquially called a vet, shortened from veterinarian or veterinary surgeon , is a professional who treats disease, disorder and injury in animals....
of Russian Federation - Meritorious Welfare Worker of Russian Federation
- Meritorious Worker of Communications of Russian Federation
- Meritorious Worker of Fishing Industry of Russian Federation
- Meritorious Worker of Food Industry of Russian Federation
- Meritorious Worker of Forest Industry of Russian Federation
- Meritorious Worker of GeodesyGeodesyGeodesy , also named geodetics, a branch of earth sciences, is the scientific discipline that deals with the measurement and representation of the Earth, including its gravitational field, in a three-dimensional time-varying space. Geodesists also study geodynamical phenomena such as crustal...
and Map-Drawing of Russian Federation - Meritorious Worker of Light and TextileTextileA textile or cloth is a flexible woven material consisting of a network of natural or artificial fibres often referred to as thread or yarn. Yarn is produced by spinning raw fibres of wool, flax, cotton, or other material to produce long strands...
Industry of Russian Federation - Meritorious Worker of Oil and Gas Industry of Russian Federation
- Meritorious Worker of Physical Education of Russian Federation
- Meritorious Worker of Transportation of Russian Federation
- Meritorious Zoo technician of Russian Federation