Holabird & Roche
Encyclopedia
The architectural firm
Architect
An architect is a person trained in the planning, design and oversight of the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to offer or render services in connection with the design and construction of a building, or group of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the...

 of Holabird & Root was founded in Chicago
Chicago
Chicago is the largest city in the US state of Illinois. With nearly 2.7 million residents, it is the most populous city in the Midwestern United States and the third most populous in the US, after New York City and Los Angeles...

 in 1880. Over the years, the firm's designs have changed many times — from the Chicago School
Chicago school (architecture)
Chicago's architecture is famous throughout the world and one style is referred to as the Chicago School. The style is also known as Commercial style. In the history of architecture, the Chicago School was a school of architects active in Chicago at the turn of the 20th century...

 to Art Deco
Art Deco
Art deco , or deco, is an eclectic artistic and design style that began in Paris in the 1920s and flourished internationally throughout the 1930s, into the World War II era. The style influenced all areas of design, including architecture and interior design, industrial design, fashion and...

 to Modern Architecture
Modern architecture
Modern architecture is generally characterized by simplification of form and creation of ornament from the structure and theme of the building. It is a term applied to an overarching movement, with its exact definition and scope varying widely...

 to Sustainable Architecture
Sustainable architecture
Sustainable architecture is a general term that describes environmentally conscious design techniques in the field of architecture. Sustainable architecture is framed by the larger discussion of sustainability and the pressing economic and political issues of our world...

.

History

The original founders were William Holabird
William Holabird
William Holabird was an American architect.Holabird studied at the United States Military Academy at West Point but resigned and moved to Chicago, where he later got married. He worked for William Le Baron Jenney...

 and Ossian Cole Simonds
Ossian Cole Simonds
Ossian Cole Simonds , often known as O. C. Simonds, was an American landscape designer. He preferred the term 'landscape gardener' to that of 'landscape architect'.-Career:...

 under the name Holabird & Simonds. The firm's first project was the plan of Graceland Cemetery
Graceland Cemetery
Graceland Cemetery is a large Victorian era cemetery located in the north side community area of Uptown, in the city of Chicago, Illinois, USA. Established in 1860, its main entrance is at the intersection of Clark Street and Irving Park Road...

 as an early commission. Martin Roche
Martin Roche
Martin Roche was an American architect.In partnership with William Holabird, Martin Roche designed buildings following the Chicago School and that were landmarks in the development of early sky scrapers. He worked for William Le Baron Jenney until 1881 when he joined William Holabird at Holabird &...

 joined soon after the original project. After only working together on five projects, Ossian Simonds left the firm in 1883 to pursue a career as a landscape architect. In response to Simonds departure, the firm was renamed Holabird & Roche: after the two remaining architects. William Holabird and Martin Roche had worked in the office of William LeBaron Jenney before striking out on their own. The new firm became well-known in part for its groundbreaking Chicago School
Chicago school (architecture)
Chicago's architecture is famous throughout the world and one style is referred to as the Chicago School. The style is also known as Commercial style. In the history of architecture, the Chicago School was a school of architects active in Chicago at the turn of the 20th century...

 skyscrapers of the 19th century and the large, ornate hotels they designed across the country, including Chicago's Palmer House
Palmer House
The Palmer House Hilton is a famous and historic hotel in downtown Chicago.-History:There have been three Palmer House Hotels at the corner of State and Monroe Streets in Chicago....

.

After the deaths of William Holabird and Martin Roche, the firm was renamed Holabird & Root — a partnership of Holabird's son John Augur Holabird
John Augur Holabird
John Augur Holabird was a significant U.S. architect based in Chicago. Born on May 4, 1886, the day of Chicago's Haymarket Riot, John was the son of architect William Holabird. As a young man he studied architecture at Paris' Ecole des Beaux-Arts, where he became friends with John Wellborn Root,...

 and John Wellborn Root, Jr.
John Wellborn Root, Jr.
John Wellborn Root, Jr. was a significant U.S. architect based in Chicago. He was the son of architect John Wellborn Root. As a young man, he graduated from Cornell University and studied architecture at Paris' Ecole des Beaux-Arts, where he became friends with John Augur Holabird, the son of...

  The firm is still currently in operation located in the Marquette Building
Marquette Building (Chicago)
The Marquette Building, completed in 1895, is a Chicago, Illinois landmark that was built by the George A. Fuller Company and designed by architects Holabird & Roche. The building is currently owned by the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation...

.

Selected buildings

  • Graceland Cemetery
    Graceland Cemetery
    Graceland Cemetery is a large Victorian era cemetery located in the north side community area of Uptown, in the city of Chicago, Illinois, USA. Established in 1860, its main entrance is at the intersection of Clark Street and Irving Park Road...

     Chapel, 1888
  • Fort Sheridan
    Fort Sheridan, Illinois
    Fort Sheridan is a residential neighborhood spread among Lake Forest, Highwood, and Highland Park in Lake County, Illinois, United States. It was originally established as a United States Army Post named after Civil War Cavalry General Philip Sheridan, to honor his services to Chicago...

    , 1890
  • Monadnock Building
    Monadnock Building
    The Monadnock Building , is a skyscraper located at 53 West Jackson Boulevard in the south Loop community area of Chicago, Illinois. The north half of the building was designed by the firm of Burnham & Root and built in 1891...

     (southern half), 1893
  • Marquette Building
    Marquette Building (Chicago)
    The Marquette Building, completed in 1895, is a Chicago, Illinois landmark that was built by the George A. Fuller Company and designed by architects Holabird & Roche. The building is currently owned by the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation...

    , 1895
  • McConnell Apartments, 1210 North Astor, Chicago, Illinois, 1897
  • Gage Group Buildings
    Gage Group Buildings
    The Gage Group Buildings consist of three buildings located at 18, 24 and 30 S. Michigan Avenue, between Madison Street and Monroe Street, in Chicago, Illinois. They were built from 1890–1899, designed by Holabird & Roche for the three millinery firms - Gage, Keith and Ascher. The building at 18...

    , 1899
  • Oliver Building
    Oliver Building (Chicago)
    The Oliver Building is located at 159 N. Dearborn Street in Chicago within the Loop. It was built for the Oliver Typewriter Company from 1907-1908 by Holabird & Roche. When two floors were added in 1920, Holabird & Roche were hired for the expansion. The cast iron exterior features...

    , 1907 & 1920
  • University Club of Chicago
    University Club of Chicago
    The University Club of Chicago is a private social club located at 76 East Monroe Street at the corner of Michigan Avenue in downtown Chicago, Illinois...

    , 1908
  • Cook County Courthouse/Chicago City Hall
    Chicago City Hall
    Chicago City Hall is the official seat of government of the City of Chicago in Illinois. Adjacent to the Richard J. Daley Center and the James R...

    , 1910
  • University of Illinois Ice Arena
    University of Illinois Ice Arena
    University of Illinois Ice Arena, also known as the Big Pond, is an ice arena and recreational sport facility located in Champaign, Illinois and owned and operated by the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. The arena serves as the home for the Illinois Fighting Illini men's and women's...

    , 1913
  • Muehlebach Hotel
    Muehlebach Hotel
    The Muehlebach Hotel is a historic hotel building in Downtown Kansas City that was visited by every President from Theodore Roosevelt to Ronald Reagan. It is currently operated as one of three wings of the Kansas City Marriott Downtown.-History:...

    , 1915
  • Memorial Stadium (Champaign)
    Memorial Stadium (Champaign)
    thumb|right|300px|Original plan for Memorial Stadium circa 1921. Caption from [[Popular Mechanics]] Magazine, 1921Memorial Stadium is a football stadium located in Champaign, Illinois, in the United States, on the campus of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. The stadium is dedicated as...

    , 1923
  • Soldier Field
    Soldier Field
    Soldier Field is located on Lake Shore Drive in Chicago, Illinois, United States, in the Near South Side. It is home to the NFL's Chicago Bears...

    , 1924
  • Pedestals for Ivan Mestrovic
    Ivan Meštrovic
    Ivan Meštrović was a Croatian and Yugoslav sculptor and architect born in Vrpolje, Croatia...

    's The Bowman and The Spearman
    The Bowman and the Spearman
    The Bowman and The Spearman, also known as Indians, are two bronze equestrian sculptures standing as gatekeepers in Congress Plaza, at the intersection of Congress Drive and Michigan Avenue in Grant Park, Chicago, United States. The sculptures were made in Zagreb by Croatian sculptor Ivan...

     statues, 1926
  • Hilton Chicago
    Hilton Chicago
    The Hilton Chicago is a famous luxury hotel in Chicago, United States. The hotel is a Chicago landmark that overlooks Grant Park, Lake Michigan, and the Museum Campus. It is the third-largest hotel in Chicago by number of guest rooms; however, it has the largest total meeting and event space of any...

     Hotel, 1927
  • Evanston Masonic Temple, Evanston, Illinois
    Evanston, Illinois
    Evanston is a suburban municipality in Cook County, Illinois 12 miles north of downtown Chicago, bordering Chicago to the south, Skokie to the west, and Wilmette to the north, with an estimated population of 74,360 as of 2003. It is one of the North Shore communities that adjoin Lake Michigan...

    , 1927
  • 333 North Michigan Building, Chicago, Illinois, 1928
  • Palmolive Building
    Palmolive Building
    The Palmolive Building, formerly the Playboy Building, is a 37-story Art Deco building at 919 N. Michigan Avenue in Chicago. Built by Holabird & Root, it was completed in 1929 and was home to Colgate-Palmolive-Peet....

    , Chicago, 1929

  • Chicago Daily News
    Chicago Daily News
    The Chicago Daily News was an afternoon daily newspaper published between 1876 and 1978 in Chicago, Illinois.-History:The Daily News was founded by Melville E. Stone, Percy Meggy, and William Dougherty in 1875 and began publishing early the next year...

     Building, Chicago, 1929
  • Rand Tower
    Rand Tower
    Rand Tower is a 26-story skyscraper in Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA that was one of the city's tallest structures when it was completed in 1929. It was designed by Holabird & Root for Rufus R. Rand, Jr., a World War I aviator who was part of the family that owned the Minneapolis Gas Company , now...

    , Minneapolis, Minnesota
    Minneapolis, Minnesota
    Minneapolis , nicknamed "City of Lakes" and the "Mill City," is the county seat of Hennepin County, the largest city in the U.S. state of Minnesota, and the 48th largest in the United States...

    , 1929
  • Chicago Board of Trade Building
    Chicago Board of Trade Building
    The Chicago Board of Trade Building is a skyscraper located in :Chicago, Illinois, United States. It stands at 141 W. Jackson Boulevard at the foot of the LaSalle Street canyon, in the Loop community area in Cook County. Built in 1930 and first designated a Chicago Landmark on May 4, 1977, the...

    , Chicago, 1930
  • Mason City Public Library, Mason City, Iowa
    Mason City, Iowa
    Mason City is the county seat of Cerro Gordo County, Iowa, United States. The population was 28,079 in the 2010 census, a decline from 29,172 in the 2000 census. The Mason City Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Cerro Gordo and Worth counties....

    , 1939
  • North Dakota
    North Dakota
    North Dakota is a state located in the Midwestern region of the United States of America, along the Canadian border. The state is bordered by Canada to the north, Minnesota to the east, South Dakota to the south and Montana to the west. North Dakota is the 19th-largest state by area in the U.S....

     State Capitol Building, Bismarck, North Dakota
    Bismarck, North Dakota
    Bismarck is the capital of the U.S. state of North Dakota and the county seat of Burleigh County. It is the second most populous city in North Dakota after Fargo. The city's population was 61,272 at the 2010 census, while its metropolitan population was 108,779...

    , 1934
  • Hotel Statler, 1942
  • Foster Walker Complex, Northwestern University
    Northwestern University
    Northwestern University is a private research university in Evanston and Chicago, Illinois, USA. Northwestern has eleven undergraduate, graduate, and professional schools offering 124 undergraduate degrees and 145 graduate and professional degrees....

    , 1973
  • Kersten Physics Teaching Center, University of Chicago
    University of Chicago
    The University of Chicago is a private research university in Chicago, Illinois, USA. It was founded by the American Baptist Education Society with a donation from oil magnate and philanthropist John D. Rockefeller and incorporated in 1890...

    , 1985
  • Foellinger Auditorium gallery addition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
    University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
    The University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign is a large public research-intensive university in the state of Illinois, United States. It is the flagship campus of the University of Illinois system...

    , 1985
  • City of Davenport, Iowa
    Davenport, Iowa
    Davenport is a city located along the Mississippi River in Scott County, Iowa, United States. Davenport is the county seat of and largest city in Scott County. Davenport was founded on May 14, 1836 by Antoine LeClaire and was named for his friend, George Davenport, a colonel during the Black Hawk...

    , Skybridge
    Davenport Skybridge
    The Davenport Skybridge is a pedestrian cable-stayed bridge that spans River Drive in downtown Davenport, Iowa. It connects LeClaire Park and Rhythm City Casino to a courtyard and parking ramp on 2nd Street, located right next to the River Music Experience. The bridge is 50 feet tall and 575 feet...

    , 2005
  • Peninsula Players Theater, Fish Creek, Wisconsin
    Fish Creek, Wisconsin
    Fish Creek is an unincorporated community located in Door County, Wisconsin, United States, within the town of Gibraltar and is located on Highway 42 along Green Bay.-History:...

    , 2006

External links

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