Henry XIII, Duke of Bavaria
Encyclopedia
Henry XIII of Bavaria, member of the Wittelsbach
dynasty (19 November 1235 – 3 February 1290 in Burghausen
) was Duke of Lower Bavaria
. As Duke of Lower Bavaria he is also called Henry I.
and the Countess of Palatinate Agnes of Brunswick
.
His maternal grandparents were Henry V, Count Palatine of the Rhine
and Agnes von Staufen. Agnes was a daughter of Conrad II, Margrave of Lower Lusatia.
in Bavaria
and the Palatinate.
The brothers divided their land in 1255 against the law, Henry received Lower Bavaria
and Louis Upper Bavaria
and the Palatinate. It was the first of many divisions of the duchy
. Henry resided in Landshut
, in 1255 the work for the main castle of Burghausen Castle
was begun.
The division was against the law which caused the anger of the Bishops in Bavaria who allied with Ottokar II of Bohemia
in 1257. In August 1257 Ottokar invaded Bavaria, but Henry and Louis managed to repulse the attack. It was one of the rare concerted and harmonious actions of both brothers who often argued.
Henry XIII was succeeded by his oldest son Otto III
, who also became king of Hungary. Henry's branch died out in 1340 and was inherited by Louis' son Emperor Louis IV
.
. She was a daughter of Béla IV of Hungary
and Maria Laskarina
. They had ten children:
Wittelsbach
The Wittelsbach family is a European royal family and a German dynasty from Bavaria.Members of the family served as Dukes, Electors and Kings of Bavaria , Counts Palatine of the Rhine , Margraves of Brandenburg , Counts of Holland, Hainaut and Zeeland , Elector-Archbishops of Cologne , Dukes of...
dynasty (19 November 1235 – 3 February 1290 in Burghausen
Burghausen
Burghausen may refer to several places in Germany:*Burghausen, Altötting, a town in southeastern Bavaria*Burghausen bei Münnerstadt, part of Münnerstadt in northern Bavaria*Burghausen bei Freising, part of Kirchdorf an der Amper in central Bavaria...
) was Duke of Lower Bavaria
Lower Bavaria
Lower Bavaria is one of the seven administrative regions of Bavaria, Germany, located in the east of the state.- Geography :Lower Bavaria is subdivided into two regions - Landshut and Donau-Wald. Recent election results mark it as the most conservative part of Germany, generally giving huge...
. As Duke of Lower Bavaria he is also called Henry I.
Family
He was the younger son of Otto IIOtto II Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria
Otto II of Bavaria was the Duke of Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhine . He was a son of Louis I and Ludmilla of Bohemia and a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty.- Biography :...
and the Countess of Palatinate Agnes of Brunswick
Agnes of the Palatinate
Agnes of the Palatinate was a daughter of Henry V, Count Palatine of the Rhine and his first wife Agnes, daughter of Conrad, Count Palatine of the Rhine . Agnes was Duchess of Bavaria by her marriage to Otto II Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria....
.
His maternal grandparents were Henry V, Count Palatine of the Rhine
Henry V, Count Palatine of the Rhine
Henry was count palatine of the Rhine from 6 August 1195 to 1213.Henry was the eldest son of Duke Henry the Lion, from his marriage to Matilda, eldest daughter of King Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine. He grew up in England and became count palatine of the Rhine through his 1193...
and Agnes von Staufen. Agnes was a daughter of Conrad II, Margrave of Lower Lusatia.
Biography
In 1254 he succeeded his father together with his brother Louis IILouis II, Duke of Bavaria
Duke Louis II of Bavaria was Duke of Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhine from 1253. Born in Heidelberg, he was a son of duke Otto II and Agnes of the Palatinate...
in Bavaria
Bavaria
Bavaria, formally the Free State of Bavaria is a state of Germany, located in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the largest state by area, forming almost 20% of the total land area of Germany...
and the Palatinate.
The brothers divided their land in 1255 against the law, Henry received Lower Bavaria
Lower Bavaria
Lower Bavaria is one of the seven administrative regions of Bavaria, Germany, located in the east of the state.- Geography :Lower Bavaria is subdivided into two regions - Landshut and Donau-Wald. Recent election results mark it as the most conservative part of Germany, generally giving huge...
and Louis Upper Bavaria
Upper Bavaria
Upper Bavaria is one of the seven administrative regions of Bavaria, Germany.- Geography :Upper Bavaria is located in the southern portion of Bavaria, and is centered around the city of Munich. It is subdivided into four regions : Ingolstadt, Munich, Bayerisches Oberland , and Südostoberbayern...
and the Palatinate. It was the first of many divisions of the duchy
Duchy
A duchy is a territory, fief, or domain ruled by a duke or duchess.Some duchies were sovereign in areas that would become unified realms only during the Modern era . In contrast, others were subordinate districts of those kingdoms that unified either partially or completely during the Medieval era...
. Henry resided in Landshut
Landshut
Landshut is a city in Bavaria in the south-east of Germany, belonging to both Eastern and Southern Bavaria. Situated on the banks of the River Isar, Landshut is the capital of Lower Bavaria, one of the seven administrative regions of the Free State of Bavaria. It is also the seat of the...
, in 1255 the work for the main castle of Burghausen Castle
Burghausen Castle
The Burghausen Castle in Burghausen, Upper Bavaria is the longest castle complex in Europe .-History:The castle hill was already settled in the Bronze Age. The castle was transferred to the Wittelsbachs after the death of the last count of Burghausen Gebhard II in 1168...
was begun.
The division was against the law which caused the anger of the Bishops in Bavaria who allied with Ottokar II of Bohemia
Ottokar II of Bohemia
Ottokar II , called The Iron and Golden King, was the King of Bohemia from 1253 until 1278. He was the Duke of Austria , Styria , Carinthia and Carniola also....
in 1257. In August 1257 Ottokar invaded Bavaria, but Henry and Louis managed to repulse the attack. It was one of the rare concerted and harmonious actions of both brothers who often argued.
Henry XIII was succeeded by his oldest son Otto III
Otto III, Duke of Bavaria
Otto III of Bavaria , member of the Wittelsbach dynasty, was Duke of Lower Bavaria from 1290 to 1312 and disputably King of Hungary and Croatia between 1305 and 1307 as Béla V.-Family:...
, who also became king of Hungary. Henry's branch died out in 1340 and was inherited by Louis' son Emperor Louis IV
Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Louis IV , called the Bavarian, of the house of Wittelsbach, was the King of Germany from 1314, the King of Italy from 1327 and the Holy Roman Emperor from 1328....
.
Marriage and children
In 1250, Henry married Elizabeth of HungaryElisabeth of Hungary (d.1271)
Elisabeth of Hungary was a daughter of Béla IV of Hungary and his wife Maria Laskarina. She was a member of the Árpád dynasty.- Family :...
. She was a daughter of Béla IV of Hungary
Béla IV of Hungary
Béla IV , King of Hungary and of Croatia , duke of Styria 1254–58. One of the most famous kings of Hungary, he distinguished himself through his policy of strengthening of the royal power following the example of his grandfather Bela III, and by the rebuilding Hungary after the catastrophe of the...
and Maria Laskarina
Maria Laskarina
Maria Laskarina was a daughter of Theodore I Laskaris and his first wife Anna Angelina.-Life:She was a younger sister of Irene Lascarina, first Empress consort of John III Doukas Vatatzes. Theodore married his eldest daughter to his designated heir in 1212...
. They had ten children:
- Agnes of Wittelsbach (January 1254 – 20 October 1315). Joined the Cistercian Monastery at Seligenthal as a nun.
- Agnes of Wittelsbach (17 July 1255 – 10 May 1260). Shares a name with her older sister.
- Agnes of Wittelsbach (29 October 1256 – 16 November 1260). Shares a name with two older sisters.
- Elizabeth of Wittelsbach (23 April 1258 – 8 August 1314). Joined the Cistercian Monastery at Seligenthal as a nun.
- Otto III, Duke of BavariaOtto III, Duke of BavariaOtto III of Bavaria , member of the Wittelsbach dynasty, was Duke of Lower Bavaria from 1290 to 1312 and disputably King of Hungary and Croatia between 1305 and 1307 as Béla V.-Family:...
(11 February 1261 – 9 November 1312). - Henry of Wittelsbach (23 February 1262 – 16 September 1280).
- Sophie of Wittelsbach (c. 1264 – 4 February 1282). Married Poppo VIII, Count of Henneberg.
- Catherine of Wittelbach (9 June 1267 – 9 January 1310). Married Friedrich Tuta, Margrave of Meissen.
- Louis III, Duke of BavariaLouis III, Duke of BavariaLouis III. was duke of Lower Bavaria from 1290 until 1296 as co-regent with his brothers Otto III and Stephen I.-Biography:Louis was born in Landshut, the son of Henry XIII, Duke of Bavaria and Elizabeth of Hungary....
(9 October 1269 – 9 October 1296). - Stephen I, Duke of BavariaStephen I, Duke of BavariaStephen I. was duke of Lower Bavaria from 1290 until 1310 as co-regent of his older brothers Otto III and Louis III .-Biography:...
(14 March 1271 – 10 December 1310).
Ancestry
External links
- His listing along with his wife in "Medieval lands" by Charles Cawley. The project "involves extracting and analysing detailed information from primary sources, including contemporary chronicles, cartularies, necrologies and testaments."
- A listing of descendants of Otto I, Count of Scheyern, including Henry XIII and his children