Heinrich Biltz
Encyclopedia
Heinrich Biltz was a German chemist
and professor. Heinrich Biltz was the son of Karl Friedrich Biltz who was a scientist of literature
and theatre critic
and married to Freya de la Motte Fouqué, a daughter of a physician in Kiel. This marriage remained childless.
with August Wilhelm von Hofmann
and later in the University of Göttingen with Victor Meyer. In the year 1888 he awarded his doctor in natural science with the continuation of the researches commenced by Victor Meyer on the molecular weight of substances at high temperatures. During this time he determined also the vapour density
from Tin (II) chloride and Sulphur.
Since July 8, 1891 he firstly was professor of chemistry in the University of Greifswald and from 1897 succeeded as the Chair of the Department of Inorganic Chemistry
in the University of Kiel
and continued his research activities on the field of the determination of vapour density. In 1908 he also succeeded in the synthesis
of Phenytoin
, which was used 30 years later as an effective drug for the control of seizure
disorders. From autumn 1911 until his retirement in 1933 he lectured in the newly-arranged Albert Ladenburg
Institute of the University of Breslau (Wroclaw) with the main emphasis on chemical reactions of organic substances, especially the reactions of Acetylene
and Autoxidation
. He concentrated his further research activities on the chemistry of Uric Acid
. He achieved and proved the complete oxidative degradation of Uric Acid with several oxidising agents.
His work was interrupted when he participated in World War I as reserve officer. After the war he took up his research activities considerably and from time to time in close co-operation with his younger brother Wilhelm Biltz
, who was also professor of chemistry, and with further renowned chemists.
The German Chemical Industry
established in 1925 the Heinrich-Biltz- Foundation which was destined to support highly skilled students. In honour of the merits of Heinrich Biltz, Walter Hückel issued an obituary in the journal Chemische Berichte
and annexed a complete bibliography of his work.
Chemist
A chemist is a scientist trained in the study of chemistry. Chemists study the composition of matter and its properties such as density and acidity. Chemists carefully describe the properties they study in terms of quantities, with detail on the level of molecules and their component atoms...
and professor. Heinrich Biltz was the son of Karl Friedrich Biltz who was a scientist of literature
Scientific literature
Scientific literature comprises scientific publications that report original empirical and theoretical work in the natural and social sciences, and within a scientific field is often abbreviated as the literature. Academic publishing is the process of placing the results of one's research into the...
and theatre critic
Theatre criticism
Theatre criticism is a genre of art criticism, and the act of writing or speaking about the performing arts such as a play or opera.Most major national newspapers of first world countries cover the arts in some form and theatre criticism may be included as a part of this arts coverage.Specialist...
and married to Freya de la Motte Fouqué, a daughter of a physician in Kiel. This marriage remained childless.
Life and career
After his university entrance diploma at the Royal Grammar School (Königliches Wilhelm-Gymnasium) in Berlin in 1885 he firstly began studying chemistry in the Humboldt University of BerlinHumboldt University of Berlin
The Humboldt University of Berlin is Berlin's oldest university, founded in 1810 as the University of Berlin by the liberal Prussian educational reformer and linguist Wilhelm von Humboldt, whose university model has strongly influenced other European and Western universities...
with August Wilhelm von Hofmann
August Wilhelm von Hofmann
August Wilhelm von Hofmann was a German chemist.-Biography:Hofmann was born at Gießen, Grand Duchy of Hesse. Not intending originally to devote himself to physical science, he first took up the study of law and philology at Göttingen. But he then turned to chemistry, and studied under Justus von...
and later in the University of Göttingen with Victor Meyer. In the year 1888 he awarded his doctor in natural science with the continuation of the researches commenced by Victor Meyer on the molecular weight of substances at high temperatures. During this time he determined also the vapour density
Vapour density
Vapour density is the density of a vapour in relation to that of hydrogen. It may be defined as mass of a certain volume of a substance divided by mass of same volume of hydrogen....
from Tin (II) chloride and Sulphur.
Since July 8, 1891 he firstly was professor of chemistry in the University of Greifswald and from 1897 succeeded as the Chair of the Department of Inorganic Chemistry
Inorganic chemistry
Inorganic chemistry is the branch of chemistry concerned with the properties and behavior of inorganic compounds. This field covers all chemical compounds except the myriad organic compounds , which are the subjects of organic chemistry...
in the University of Kiel
University of Kiel
The University of Kiel is a university in the city of Kiel, Germany. It was founded in 1665 as the Academia Holsatorum Chiloniensis by Christian Albert, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp and has approximately 23,000 students today...
and continued his research activities on the field of the determination of vapour density. In 1908 he also succeeded in the synthesis
Chemical synthesis
In chemistry, chemical synthesis is purposeful execution of chemical reactions to get a product, or several products. This happens by physical and chemical manipulations usually involving one or more reactions...
of Phenytoin
Phenytoin
Phenytoin sodium is a commonly used antiepileptic. Phenytoin acts to suppress the abnormal brain activity seen in seizure by reducing electrical conductance among brain cells by stabilizing the inactive state of voltage-gated sodium channels...
, which was used 30 years later as an effective drug for the control of seizure
Seizure
An epileptic seizure, occasionally referred to as a fit, is defined as a transient symptom of "abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain". The outward effect can be as dramatic as a wild thrashing movement or as mild as a brief loss of awareness...
disorders. From autumn 1911 until his retirement in 1933 he lectured in the newly-arranged Albert Ladenburg
Albert Ladenburg
Albert Ladenburg was a German chemist.-Biography:Ladenburg was a member of a well known Jewish family in Mannheim. He was educated at a Realgymnasium at Mannheim and then, after the age of 15, at the technical school of Karlsruhe, where he studied mathematics and modern languages...
Institute of the University of Breslau (Wroclaw) with the main emphasis on chemical reactions of organic substances, especially the reactions of Acetylene
Acetylene
Acetylene is the chemical compound with the formula C2H2. It is a hydrocarbon and the simplest alkyne. This colorless gas is widely used as a fuel and a chemical building block. It is unstable in pure form and thus is usually handled as a solution.As an alkyne, acetylene is unsaturated because...
and Autoxidation
Autoxidation
Autoxidation is any oxidation that occurs in open air or in presence of oxygen and/or UV radiation and forms peroxides and hydroperoxides. A classic example of autoxidation is that of simple ethers like diethyl ether, whose peroxides can be dangerously explosive. It can be considered to be a slow,...
. He concentrated his further research activities on the chemistry of Uric Acid
Uric acid
Uric acid is a heterocyclic compound of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen with the formula C5H4N4O3. It forms ions and salts known as urates and acid urates such as ammonium acid urate. Uric acid is created when the body breaks down purine nucleotides. High blood concentrations of uric acid...
. He achieved and proved the complete oxidative degradation of Uric Acid with several oxidising agents.
His work was interrupted when he participated in World War I as reserve officer. After the war he took up his research activities considerably and from time to time in close co-operation with his younger brother Wilhelm Biltz
Wilhelm Biltz
Wilhelm Biltz was a German chemist and scientific editor. Wilhelm Biltz was the son of Karl Friedrich Biltz who was a scientist of literature and theatre critic...
, who was also professor of chemistry, and with further renowned chemists.
The German Chemical Industry
Chemical industry
The chemical industry comprises the companies that produce industrial chemicals. Central to the modern world economy, it converts raw materials into more than 70,000 different products.-Products:...
established in 1925 the Heinrich-Biltz- Foundation which was destined to support highly skilled students. In honour of the merits of Heinrich Biltz, Walter Hückel issued an obituary in the journal Chemische Berichte
Chemische Berichte
Until 1998, Chemische Berichte was a German-language scientific journal featuring chemistry of all disciplines...
and annexed a complete bibliography of his work.
Publications and Books (options)
- Biltz, Heinrich: ‚"Experimentelle Einführung in die Unorganische Chemie". Veit & Comp, Leipzig, later Walter de GruyterWalter de GruyterWalter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG is a scholarly publishing house specializing in academic literature. Its origins date back to 1749 when it was given the right to print books by King Frederick II of Prussia. -De Gruyter Mouton:...
. - Berlin [u. a.] 1. Aufl. 1898, 20. Auflage 1938, later continued by Wilhelm Klemm u. Werner Fischer - Biltz, Heinrich: "Qualitative Analyse unorganischer Substanzen", 1. Auflage 1900, 13 und 14. Auflage 1936; Veit & Comp, Leipzig, later Walter de GruyterWalter de GruyterWalter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG is a scholarly publishing house specializing in academic literature. Its origins date back to 1749 when it was given the right to print books by King Frederick II of Prussia. -De Gruyter Mouton:...
- Biltz, Heinrich; Biltz, Wilhelm: "Übungsbeispiele aus der unorganischen Experimentalchemie", 1. Auflage 1907; 3.und 4. Auflage 1920; Engelmann, Leipzig
- Heinrich Biltz works in Wiley Interscience:
- Biltz, Heinrich works in Library of CongressLibrary of CongressThe Library of Congress is the research library of the United States Congress, de facto national library of the United States, and the oldest federal cultural institution in the United States. Located in three buildings in Washington, D.C., it is the largest library in the world by shelf space and...
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- Publications of and about Heinrich Biltz in the catalogue of the German National LibraryGerman National LibraryThe German National Library is the central archival library and national bibliographic centre for the Federal Republic of Germany...
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