Haydar al-Sadr
Encyclopedia
Ayatollah
Haydar al-Sadr (born 1891 - died 1937) was born in Samarra
, Iraq
. His father, Ismail as-Sadr
(d. 1920) was a Grand Ayatollah and the first to be use the as-Sadr
surname, which came to be associated with a long line of religious scholarship within Shia Islam
. Haydar and the as-Sadr family are also considered as Sayyid
, or those who can trace their lineage back to Muhammad
(d.632). The family's lineage is traced through Imam
Jafar al-Sadiq and his son Imam Musa al-Kazim the sixth and seventh Shia Imams respectively. This direct and meticulously documented lineage is unprecedented even among the illustrious families in the Islamic world who claim such lineage. The Shia Muslims consider themselves the followers of Muhammad's bloodline, thus a great deal of respect and reverence is paid to the Sayyids throughout society. Some of the well known relatives of Haydar al-Sadr include his brother, Sadr al-Din Sadr
(d.1954), his nephew Moussa as-Sadr and another nephew Mohammad Sadeq al-Sadr.
Haydar was considered a grand marja
at-taqlid (supreme religious authority) of his time. A marja' at-taqlīd, literally, means "reference point for emulation", or one who through his learning and probity is qualified to be followed in all points of religious practice and Islamic law
by the generality of Shi'is. He died in Kazimain
, Iraq in 1937 leaving three children: Isma'il, Mohammad Baqir as-Sadr (d.1980) and Aminah (known as Bint al-Hoda
).
Ayatollah
Ayatollah is a high ranking title given to Usuli Twelver Shī‘ah clerics. Those who carry the title are experts in Islamic studies such as jurisprudence, ethics, and philosophy and usually teach in Islamic seminaries. The next lower clerical rank is Hojatoleslam wal-muslemin...
Haydar al-Sadr (born 1891 - died 1937) was born in Samarra
Samarra
Sāmarrā is a city in Iraq. It stands on the east bank of the Tigris in the Salah ad-Din Governorate, north of Baghdad and, in 2003, had an estimated population of 348,700....
, Iraq
Iraq
Iraq ; officially the Republic of Iraq is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert....
. His father, Ismail as-Sadr
Ismail as-Sadr
Ismail as-Sadr was a Lebanese Grand Ayatollah , a title which is used in Iran and Iraq referring to a Twelver Shi'a scholar who is a fully qualified mujtahid who asserts authority over peers and followers by virtue of sufficient study and achievement of the level of necessary competencey needed...
(d. 1920) was a Grand Ayatollah and the first to be use the as-Sadr
Sadr
Sadr may refer to:*Gamma Cygni, a star.*Sadr City, a neighbourhood in northeastern Baghdad.*Sadr, a family name originating in Lebanon.*Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic , the government-in-exile of the Polisario Front....
surname, which came to be associated with a long line of religious scholarship within Shia Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
. Haydar and the as-Sadr family are also considered as Sayyid
Sayyid
Sayyid is an honorific title, it denotes males accepted as descendants of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through his grandsons, Hasan ibn Ali and Husain ibn Ali, sons of the prophet's daughter Fatima Zahra and his son-in-law Ali ibn Abi Talib.Daughters of sayyids are given the titles Sayyida,...
, or those who can trace their lineage back to Muhammad
Muhammad
Muhammad |ligature]] at U+FDF4 ;Arabic pronunciation varies regionally; the first vowel ranges from ~~; the second and the last vowel: ~~~. There are dialects which have no stress. In Egypt, it is pronounced not in religious contexts...
(d.632). The family's lineage is traced through Imam
Imam
An imam is an Islamic leadership position, often the worship leader of a mosque and the Muslim community. Similar to spiritual leaders, the imam is the one who leads Islamic worship services. More often, the community turns to the mosque imam if they have a religious question...
Jafar al-Sadiq and his son Imam Musa al-Kazim the sixth and seventh Shia Imams respectively. This direct and meticulously documented lineage is unprecedented even among the illustrious families in the Islamic world who claim such lineage. The Shia Muslims consider themselves the followers of Muhammad's bloodline, thus a great deal of respect and reverence is paid to the Sayyids throughout society. Some of the well known relatives of Haydar al-Sadr include his brother, Sadr al-Din Sadr
Sadr al-Din Sadr
Sadr al-Din Sadr was the father of Imam Moussa as-Sadr and the grandson of the Grand Ayatollah Sadr-eddine bin Saleh after whom the Sadr family of well known scholars of Twelver Shi'a Islam has been named....
(d.1954), his nephew Moussa as-Sadr and another nephew Mohammad Sadeq al-Sadr.
Haydar was considered a grand marja
Marja
Marja , also known as a marja-i taqlid or marja dini , literally means "Source to Imitate/Follow" or "Religious Reference"...
at-taqlid (supreme religious authority) of his time. A marja' at-taqlīd, literally, means "reference point for emulation", or one who through his learning and probity is qualified to be followed in all points of religious practice and Islamic law
Sharia
Sharia law, is the moral code and religious law of Islam. Sharia is derived from two primary sources of Islamic law: the precepts set forth in the Quran, and the example set by the Islamic prophet Muhammad in the Sunnah. Fiqh jurisprudence interprets and extends the application of sharia to...
by the generality of Shi'is. He died in Kazimain
Kazimain
al-Kāżimiyyah , is a town located in what is now a northern neighbourhood of Baghdad, Iraq about five kilometres from the city center. Al-Kāżimiyyah is one of nine administrative districts in Baghdad....
, Iraq in 1937 leaving three children: Isma'il, Mohammad Baqir as-Sadr (d.1980) and Aminah (known as Bint al-Hoda
Bint al-Hoda
Bint al-Huda was an Iraqi educator and political activist who was executed by Saddam Hussein along with her brother, Ayatullah Sayyid Mohammad Baqir al-Sadr, in 1980....
).
See also
- Ismail al-SadrIsmail as-SadrIsmail as-Sadr was a Lebanese Grand Ayatollah , a title which is used in Iran and Iraq referring to a Twelver Shi'a scholar who is a fully qualified mujtahid who asserts authority over peers and followers by virtue of sufficient study and achievement of the level of necessary competencey needed...
- Haydar al-Sadr
- Sadr al-Din al-Sadr
- Musa al-SadrMusa al-SadrFor the Twelver Shī‘ah Imām, see Mūsá al-KāżimMūsá aṣ-Ṣadr , also Musā-ye Sader and Moussa Sadr), was an Iranian-Lebanese philosopher and Shī‘ah religious leader who disappeared in August 1978...
- Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr
- Muhammad Sadiq al-Sadr
- Muhammad Muhammad Sadiq al-SadrMohammad Mohammad Sadeq al-SadrGrand Ayatollah Mohammad Mohammad Sadeq al-Sadr , often referred to as Muhammad Sadiq as-Sadr which is his father's name, was a prominent Iraqi Twelver Shi'a cleric of the rank of Grand Ayatollah. He called for government reform and the release of detained Shi'a leaders...
- List of Shi'a Muslim scholars of Islam