The Great Xenops, Megaxenops parnaguae, is a Furnariid bird

Bird

Birds are feathered, winged, bipedal, endothermic , egg-laying, vertebrate animals. Around 10,000 living species and 188 families makes them the most speciose class of tetrapod vertebrates. They inhabit ecosystems across the globe, from the Arctic to the Antarctic. Extant birds range in size from...

, which is endemic to the Caatinga

Caatinga

Caatinga is a type of vegetation, and an ecoregion characterized by this vegetation in the northeastern part of Brazil. The name "Caatinga" is a Tupi word meaning "white forest" or "white vegetation"...

 region of north-eastern Brazil

Brazil

Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...

. It is monotypic

Monotypic

In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group with only one biological type. The term's usage differs slightly between botany and zoology. The term monotypic has a separate use in conservation biology, monotypic habitat, regarding species habitat conversion eliminating biodiversity and...

 within the genus Megaxenops.

Its name refers to the superficial similarities to the "true" xenopses of the genus Xenops

Xenops

Xenops is a genus in the bird family Furnariidae, the ovenbirds. They are found in Mexico, Central America and South America.They are small birds with a longish tail, a laterally flattened bill with an upturned tip , brown back and buff or rufous wing stripe...

. Its bill is similarly up-curved, but with a total length of c. 16 cm (6 in), it is noticeably larger and overall bright cinnamon-rufous with a white throat. It is generally inconspicuous, typically foraging amongst foliage rather than on trunks.