Gonzalo Ronquillo de Peñaloza
Encyclopedia
Gonzalo Ronquillo de Peñalosa (died April 10, 1583), sometimes spelled as Gonçalo Ronquillo Peñaloza was the fourth Spanish governor and captain-general of the Philippines
from April 1580 until his death in 1583. He was succeeded by his nephew, Diego Ronquillo
.
to become Philippines
's political and economic capital in 1582. That same year, he established the Palacio del Gobernador (Governor's Palace) in Intramuros
, Manila to integrate all governmental activities in the Philippines.
On March 30, 1582, he issued a decree stating that no person may leave the country without his permission. Ronquillo de Peñalosa, according to the content of his order, was informed that some Franciscan
priests headed by Fray Pedro de Alfaro left the country in 1579 heading for mainland China. Around March 1582, as he continues, Franciscan Fray Pablo de Jesus and other missionaries re-entered China where they disseminate scandalous talks about the colony.
On June 1582, the first bishop of Manila Domingo de Salazar
arrived at the Philippines. That same month, Jesuit missionaries successfully entered the Islands. Ronquillo de Peñalosa also reported that they successfully conquered and annexed the last of Moluccan Islands--the Tidore. He also reported to the King that the other island, Ternate was threatened by conquests and invasions from the British through Sir Francis Drake.
In his dated letter of June 16, 1582, Ronquillo de Peñalosa suggested to the King of Spain of further fortifications of Spanish footholds in the country. He also said that the Spaniards must dominate the Portuguese in Moluccas, and planned for possible seizing of Macau
from Portugal. In a reply letter from the King, Philip II
instructed the governor on how to initiate the repartimiento
(forced labor) among Indio
s. In 1582, the Spaniards won and defended Cagayan
from Sino
-Japanese
pirates from possible terrorism and invasion.
's chief enemy and Manila's attorney-general Captain Gabriel de Rivera filed a complain against Ronquillo de Peñalosa for being the captain-general of the Philippines for life. In 1583, upon processing of Rivera's complain, Ronquillo de Peñalosa died at his house in Manila
. He was succeeded by his own nephew, Diego Ronquillo
in office.
Philippines
The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...
from April 1580 until his death in 1583. He was succeeded by his nephew, Diego Ronquillo
Diego Ronquillo
Diego Ronquillo was the fifth Spanish governor of the Philippines, from March 10, 1583 until May 1584. He was the nephew of his predecessor, Gonzalo Ronquillo de Peñalosa, and served as interim governor for little more than a year....
.
Governorship
His first official action was to order ManilaManila
Manila is the capital of the Philippines. It is one of the sixteen cities forming Metro Manila.Manila is located on the eastern shores of Manila Bay and is bordered by Navotas and Caloocan to the north, Quezon City to the northeast, San Juan and Mandaluyong to the east, Makati on the southeast,...
to become Philippines
Philippines
The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...
's political and economic capital in 1582. That same year, he established the Palacio del Gobernador (Governor's Palace) in Intramuros
Intramuros
Intramuros is the oldest district in the present day city of Manila, the capital of the Republic of the Philippines. Nicknamed the "Walled City", Intramuros is the historic fortified city of Manila, the seat ot the government during the Spanish Colonial Period. Its name in Latin, intramuros,...
, Manila to integrate all governmental activities in the Philippines.
On March 30, 1582, he issued a decree stating that no person may leave the country without his permission. Ronquillo de Peñalosa, according to the content of his order, was informed that some Franciscan
Franciscan
Most Franciscans are members of Roman Catholic religious orders founded by Saint Francis of Assisi. Besides Roman Catholic communities, there are also Old Catholic, Anglican, Lutheran, ecumenical and Non-denominational Franciscan communities....
priests headed by Fray Pedro de Alfaro left the country in 1579 heading for mainland China. Around March 1582, as he continues, Franciscan Fray Pablo de Jesus and other missionaries re-entered China where they disseminate scandalous talks about the colony.
On June 1582, the first bishop of Manila Domingo de Salazar
Domingo de Salazar
Domingo de Salazar was a Spanish prelate. He became the first bishop of the see of Manila.He was born in La Rioja, in the village of La Bastarda on the banks of the Ebro, Spain.-External links:**...
arrived at the Philippines. That same month, Jesuit missionaries successfully entered the Islands. Ronquillo de Peñalosa also reported that they successfully conquered and annexed the last of Moluccan Islands--the Tidore. He also reported to the King that the other island, Ternate was threatened by conquests and invasions from the British through Sir Francis Drake.
In his dated letter of June 16, 1582, Ronquillo de Peñalosa suggested to the King of Spain of further fortifications of Spanish footholds in the country. He also said that the Spaniards must dominate the Portuguese in Moluccas, and planned for possible seizing of Macau
Macau
Macau , also spelled Macao , is, along with Hong Kong, one of the two special administrative regions of the People's Republic of China...
from Portugal. In a reply letter from the King, Philip II
Philip II of Spain
Philip II was King of Spain, Portugal, Naples, Sicily, and, while married to Mary I, King of England and Ireland. He was lord of the Seventeen Provinces from 1556 until 1581, holding various titles for the individual territories such as duke or count....
instructed the governor on how to initiate the repartimiento
Repartimiento
The Repartimiento was a colonial forced labor system imposed upon the indigenous population of Spanish America and the Philippines. In concept it was similar to other tribute-labor systems, such as the mita of the Inca Empire or the corvée of Ancien Régime France: the natives were forced to do...
(forced labor) among Indio
Indio
Indio may refer to:* Indio, California* Indio, person of indigenous peoples of the Americas* The Spanish Colonial racial term for the native Austronesian peoples of the Philippines between the 16th and 19th centuriesSpecific people:...
s. In 1582, the Spaniards won and defended Cagayan
Cagayan
Cagayan , the "Land of Smiling Beauty", is a province of the Philippines in the Cagayan Valley region in Luzon. Its capital is Tuguegarao City and is located at the northeastern corner of the island of Luzon. Cagayan also includes the Babuyan Islands to the north. The province borders Ilocos Norte...
from Sino
Han Chinese
Han Chinese are an ethnic group native to China and are the largest single ethnic group in the world.Han Chinese constitute about 92% of the population of the People's Republic of China , 98% of the population of the Republic of China , 78% of the population of Singapore, and about 20% of the...
-Japanese
Japanese people
The are an ethnic group originating in the Japanese archipelago and are the predominant ethnic group of Japan. Worldwide, approximately 130 million people are of Japanese descent; of these, approximately 127 million are residents of Japan. People of Japanese ancestry who live in other countries...
pirates from possible terrorism and invasion.
Post-governorship and death
Former governor-general Francisco de SandeFrancisco de Sande
Francisco de Sande Picón was the third Spanish governor and captain-general of the Philippines from August 25, 1575 to April 1580.-Early career:A native of Cáceres, served as attorney, criminal judge, and auditor in Mexico...
's chief enemy and Manila's attorney-general Captain Gabriel de Rivera filed a complain against Ronquillo de Peñalosa for being the captain-general of the Philippines for life. In 1583, upon processing of Rivera's complain, Ronquillo de Peñalosa died at his house in Manila
Manila
Manila is the capital of the Philippines. It is one of the sixteen cities forming Metro Manila.Manila is located on the eastern shores of Manila Bay and is bordered by Navotas and Caloocan to the north, Quezon City to the northeast, San Juan and Mandaluyong to the east, Makati on the southeast,...
. He was succeeded by his own nephew, Diego Ronquillo
Diego Ronquillo
Diego Ronquillo was the fifth Spanish governor of the Philippines, from March 10, 1583 until May 1584. He was the nephew of his predecessor, Gonzalo Ronquillo de Peñalosa, and served as interim governor for little more than a year....
in office.