Georgian Academy of Sciences
Encyclopedia
The Georgian National Academy of Sciences (GNAS) (Georgian
: საქართველოს მეცნიერებათა ეროვნული აკადემია, Sakartvelos Mecnierebata Erovnuli Akademia) is a main learned society of the Georgia
. It was named Georgian SSR Academy of Sciences until November 1990. The Academy coordinates scientific research in Georgia and develops relationship with the academies and scientific centers of foreign countries.
. The founder Academicians of the Academy were Giorgi Akhvlediani (linguistics), Ivane Beritashvili (physiology), Arnold Chikobava
(Ibero-Caucasian languages), Giorgi Chubinashvili
(arts), Simon Janashia
(history), Alexandre Janelidze (geology), Korneli Kekelidze
(philology), Niko Ketskhoveli (botany), Tarasi Kvaratskhelia (subtropical cultures), Niko Muskhelishvili (mathematics, mechanics; first President of the Academy), Ilia Vekua
(mathematics; second President of the Academy), Akaki Shanidze
(linguistics), Alexander Tvalchrelidze (mineralogy), Dimitri Uznadze
(psychology), Kiriak Zavriev (constructive mechanics) and Philip Zaitsev (zoology).
Other notable members of the Academy include Ekvtime Takaishvili
(history), Shalva Nutsubidze
(philosophy), Giorgi Tsereteli
(oriental studies), Simon Kaukhchishvili
(classical philology), Konstantine Gamsakhurdia
(literature), Giorgi Melikishvili
(history), Nikoloz Berdzenishvili
(history), Revaz Dogonadze
(physics), Malkhaz Abdushelishvili
(anthropology), Guram Mchedlidze
(paleobiology), and Levan Chilashvili
(archaeology)..
(linguistics), David Muskhelishvili
(history), Revaz Gamkrelidze
(mathematics), Simon Khechinashvili (med.), George Nakhutsrishvili (botany), Vladimer Papava
(economics), David Lordkipanidze
(palaeoanthropology), etc.
Presidents of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences: Niko Muskhelishvili (1941-1972), Ilia Vekua
(1972-1977), Evgeni Kharadze (1977-1986), and Albert Tavkhelidze (1986-2005). Since February, 2005 President of the Academy is Academician Tamaz Gamkrelidze
.
Georgian scientific schools of mathematics, physics, psychology, philosophy, physiology, botany, oriental studies, linguistics, history, archaeology, ethnography and paleobiology have won world recognition.
GNAS is a National Scientific Associate of the International Council for Science
(ICSU, France
).
Among other science academies of Georgia are: the Abkhazian Regional Academy of Sciences
(founded in 1995, in Tbilisi), the Georgian Academy of Agrarian Sciences (founded in 1991, in Tbilisi), and the Georgian Academy of Bio-Medical Sciences. By the GNAS is recognized also the Georgian National Section of Euroscience
(ESGNS).
Georgian language
Georgian is the native language of the Georgians and the official language of Georgia, a country in the Caucasus.Georgian is the primary language of about 4 million people in Georgia itself, and of another 500,000 abroad...
: საქართველოს მეცნიერებათა ეროვნული აკადემია, Sakartvelos Mecnierebata Erovnuli Akademia) is a main learned society of the Georgia
Georgia (country)
Georgia is a sovereign state in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded to the west by the Black Sea, to the north by Russia, to the southwest by Turkey, to the south by Armenia, and to the southeast by Azerbaijan. The capital of...
. It was named Georgian SSR Academy of Sciences until November 1990. The Academy coordinates scientific research in Georgia and develops relationship with the academies and scientific centers of foreign countries.
History
GNAS was established in February 1941, in TbilisiTbilisi
Tbilisi is the capital and the largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Mt'k'vari River. The name is derived from an early Georgian form T'pilisi and it was officially known as Tiflis until 1936...
. The founder Academicians of the Academy were Giorgi Akhvlediani (linguistics), Ivane Beritashvili (physiology), Arnold Chikobava
Arnold Chikobava
Arnold Stepanovich Chikobava was a Georgian linguist and philologist best known as for his contributions to the Caucasian studies as well as one of the most active critics of Nicholas Marr's controversial monogenetic "Japhetic" theory of language.Chikobava was born in the small village...
(Ibero-Caucasian languages), Giorgi Chubinashvili
Giorgi Chubinashvili
Giorgi Chubinashvili was a Georgian art historian.Born in St. Petersburg, he studied psychology at the universities of Leipzig and Halle , and Georgian-Armenian-Persian philology at the Petrograd University . Returning to Georgia, he served as a professor at the Tbilisi State University...
(arts), Simon Janashia
Simon Janashia
Simon Janashia was an outstanding Georgian historian and public benefactor, one of the founders and Academician of the Georgian Academy of Sciences , Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor....
(history), Alexandre Janelidze (geology), Korneli Kekelidze
Korneli Kekelidze
Korneli Kekelidze was a Georgian philologist, scholar of Georgian literature, and one of the founding fathers of the Tbilisi State University where he chaired the Department of the History of Old Georgian Literature from 1918 until his death.Kekelidze left a diverse literary and scholarly legacy...
(philology), Niko Ketskhoveli (botany), Tarasi Kvaratskhelia (subtropical cultures), Niko Muskhelishvili (mathematics, mechanics; first President of the Academy), Ilia Vekua
Ilia Vekua
Ilia Vekua Ilia Vekua Ilia Vekua (Georgian: ილია ვეკუა, ; 23 April 1907 in the village of Sheshelety, Kutais Guberniya, Russian Empire (modern day Ochamchira District, Abkhazia, Republic of Georgia – 2 December 1977 in Tbilisi, USSR) was a distinguished Georgian mathematician, specializing in...
(mathematics; second President of the Academy), Akaki Shanidze
Akaki Shanidze
Akaki Shanidze was a Georgian linguist and philologist. He was one of the founders of the Tbilisi State University and Academician of the Georgian Academy of Sciences ; Doctor of Philological Sciences , Professor .Shanidze graduated from the St. Petersburg University in 1909...
(linguistics), Alexander Tvalchrelidze (mineralogy), Dimitri Uznadze
Dimitri Uznadze
Dmitry Nikolaevich Uznadze was a famous Georgian psychologist, philosopher and public benefactor, founder of the Georgian scientific school of Psychology, co-founder of the Tbilisi State University , Academician and co-founder of the Georgian Academy of Sciences , Meritorious Science Worker of...
(psychology), Kiriak Zavriev (constructive mechanics) and Philip Zaitsev (zoology).
Other notable members of the Academy include Ekvtime Takaishvili
Ekvtime Takaishvili
Ekvtime Takaishvili was a Georgian historian, archaeologist and public benefactor....
(history), Shalva Nutsubidze
Shalva Nutsubidze
Shalva Nutsubidze was a Georgian philosopher, translator and public benefactor, one of founders of the Tbilisi State University , founder of Alethology, one of founders of the scientific school in the field of history of Georgian philosophy, Academician of the Georgian Academy of Sciences ,...
(philosophy), Giorgi Tsereteli
Giorgi Tsereteli
Giorgi V. Tsereteli was a distinguished Georgian scientist and public benefactor, founder of the well-known Georgian scientific school of Oriental Studies and Arabist of world renown, founder of the Faculty of Oriental Studies of the Tbilisi State University , founder and first Director of the...
(oriental studies), Simon Kaukhchishvili
Simon Kaukhchishvili
Simon Kaukhchishvili was a Georgian historian and philologist known for his critical editions of old Georgian chronicles; Doctor of Sciences , Professor , Academician of the Georgian Academy of Sciences ....
(classical philology), Konstantine Gamsakhurdia
Konstantine Gamsakhurdia
Konstantine Gamsakhurdia was a Georgian writer and public figure, who, along with Mikheil Javakhishvili, is considered to be one of the most influential Georgian novelists of the 20th century...
(literature), Giorgi Melikishvili
Giorgi Melikishvili
Giorgi Melikishvili was a Georgian historian known for his fundamental works in the history of Georgia, Caucasia and the Middle East. He earned an international recognition for his research of Urartu....
(history), Nikoloz Berdzenishvili
Nikoloz Berdzenishvili
Nikoloz Berdzenishvili was a Georgian historian who served as a Vice President of the Georgian Academy of Sciences from 1951 to 1957 and chaired the Department of History at Tbilisi State University from 1946 to 1956....
(history), Revaz Dogonadze
Revaz Dogonadze
Revaz Dogonadze was a notable Georgian scientist, Corresponding Member of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences , Dr.Sc. , Professor, one of the founders of quantum electrochemistry,-Life and works:...
(physics), Malkhaz Abdushelishvili
Malkhaz Abdushelishvili
Malkhaz Abdushelishvili was a famous Georgian scientist, one of the founders of the Georgian scientific school of Anthropology, Academician of the Georgian Academy of Sciences , Meritorious Scholar of Georgia, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor.He was born in 1926, in Tbilisi...
(anthropology), Guram Mchedlidze
Guram Mchedlidze
Guram I. Mchedlidze was a Georgian Palaeobiologist, Corresponding Member of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences , Doctor of Biological Sciences , Professor....
(paleobiology), and Levan Chilashvili
Levan Chilashvili
Levan Chilashvili was a famous Georgian archaeologist and historian, an academician of the Georgian Academy of Sciences , Meritorious Scholar of Georgia, Doctor of Historical Sciences, and Professor....
(archaeology)..
Current members
Today, among the members of the Academy are well-known scientists Tamaz GamkrelidzeTamaz Gamkrelidze
Tamaz Valeryanovich Gamkrelidze is a distinguished Georgian linguist, orientalist public benefactor and Hittitologist, Academician and President of the Georgian Academy of Sciences , Doctor of Sciences , Professor .Gamkrelidze was born in Kutaisi, Georgian SSR...
(linguistics), David Muskhelishvili
David Muskhelishvili
David Levan Muskhelishvili in Tbilisi, Georgia. A member of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences.An academic of Georgian history, David Muskhelishvili is the nephew of the late Georgian-French political scientist and jurist Michel Mouskhely. Educated at Tbilisi State University, earned his...
(history), Revaz Gamkrelidze
Revaz Gamkrelidze
Revaz Gamkrelidze is a Georgian and Soviet mathematician known for his work in optimal control theoryand related fields. Gamkrelidze is a member of the Georgian Academy of Sciences and a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences...
(mathematics), Simon Khechinashvili (med.), George Nakhutsrishvili (botany), Vladimer Papava
Vladimer Papava
thumb|Vladimer PapavaVladimer Papava is a Professor of Economics, a Senior Fellow of the Georgian Foundation for Strategic and International Studies , a Principal Research Fellow at the Paata Gugushvili Institute of Economics, and a Senior Associate Fellow of the Central Asia-Caucasus Institute...
(economics), David Lordkipanidze
David Lordkipanidze
David O. Lordkipanidze is a Georgian anthropologist and archaeologist, Professor, Dr.Sc., Corresponding Member of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences . He is famous for having discovered the hominin species, Homo georgicus...
(palaeoanthropology), etc.
Presidents of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences: Niko Muskhelishvili (1941-1972), Ilia Vekua
Ilia Vekua
Ilia Vekua Ilia Vekua Ilia Vekua (Georgian: ილია ვეკუა, ; 23 April 1907 in the village of Sheshelety, Kutais Guberniya, Russian Empire (modern day Ochamchira District, Abkhazia, Republic of Georgia – 2 December 1977 in Tbilisi, USSR) was a distinguished Georgian mathematician, specializing in...
(1972-1977), Evgeni Kharadze (1977-1986), and Albert Tavkhelidze (1986-2005). Since February, 2005 President of the Academy is Academician Tamaz Gamkrelidze
Tamaz Gamkrelidze
Tamaz Valeryanovich Gamkrelidze is a distinguished Georgian linguist, orientalist public benefactor and Hittitologist, Academician and President of the Georgian Academy of Sciences , Doctor of Sciences , Professor .Gamkrelidze was born in Kutaisi, Georgian SSR...
.
Georgian scientific schools of mathematics, physics, psychology, philosophy, physiology, botany, oriental studies, linguistics, history, archaeology, ethnography and paleobiology have won world recognition.
GNAS is a National Scientific Associate of the International Council for Science
International Council for Science
The International Council for Science , formerly the International Council of Scientific Unions, was founded in 1931 as an international non-governmental organization devoted to international co-operation in the advancement of science...
(ICSU, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
).
Among other science academies of Georgia are: the Abkhazian Regional Academy of Sciences
Abkhazian Regional Academy of Sciences
Abkhazian Regional Academy of Sciences , independent scientific and educational organization, was founded in 1995, in Tbilisi , by the group of famous scientists - refugees from Abkhazia...
(founded in 1995, in Tbilisi), the Georgian Academy of Agrarian Sciences (founded in 1991, in Tbilisi), and the Georgian Academy of Bio-Medical Sciences. By the GNAS is recognized also the Georgian National Section of Euroscience
Euroscience
Euroscience is a pan-European grassroots organisation for the support and promotion of science and technology in Europe. The membership of Euroscience consists of individuals interested in constructing a scientific Europe...
(ESGNS).