Georges-Emmanuel Clancier
Encyclopedia
Georges-Emmanuel Clancier (born 3 May 1914) is a French poet
, novelist, and journalist. He has won the Prix Goncourt
(poetry), the Grand Prize of the Académie française
, and the grand prize of the Société des gens de lettres
.
, Clancier was encouraged by professors in 1930. He began writing poems, and in 1933, to work for journals including Les Cahiers du Sud. He came in 1939 to Paris
, but returned in 1940 in Limousin
, studying at the Faculty of Arts at Poitiers
and Toulouse
, and met Joe Bousquet
in Carcassonne
. In 1940, he joined the editorial board of the journal Fontaine led in Algiers by Max-Pol Fouchet. In Saint-Léonard-de-Noblat
(Haute-Vienne
), he met Raymond Queneau
, Michel Leiris
, Lourmarin Claude Roy, Pierre Seghers
, Loys Masson, Pierre Emmanuel
and Max-Pol Fouchet. From 1942 to 1944, he collected and transmitted secretly in Algiers texts of writers of the French Resistance
to occupied France.
After the Liberation, he was responsible for programs on Radio-Limoges, and was a journalist for the Populaire du Centre. He wrote articles and made extensive comments on the radio, of the work of Maurice Boitel
, who came to paint in the region. He founded, with Robert Margerit
and Rene Rougerie, the magazine Centres, then edited a collection of poems, manuscripts, poetry and criticism, in Rougerie (including poems by Claude Roy, Jean Lescure
, Boris Vian
).
From 1955 to 1970, he worked in Paris as secretary general of the programming committees of the Radiodiffusion-Télévision Française
, (which then became the ORTF). In 1956 he published Le Pain noir, a series of novels in which he told, until 1961, the story of his family, and his maternal grandmother, an illiterate shepherd. Le Pain noir, was adapted for television in 1974, by Françoise Verny and Serge Moati
.
He was President of the PEN of France from 1976 to 1979, where he worked in the defense of writers threatened, detained, deported or exiled. In 1980 he was Vice-President of the French Commission for UNESCO
, in 1987 Vice President of International PEN
, and chairman of the House of Writers which was founded in 1986 to 1990.
Poet
A poet is a person who writes poetry. A poet's work can be literal, meaning that his work is derived from a specific event, or metaphorical, meaning that his work can take on many meanings and forms. Poets have existed since antiquity, in nearly all languages, and have produced works that vary...
, novelist, and journalist. He has won the Prix Goncourt
Prix Goncourt
The Prix Goncourt is a prize in French literature, given by the académie Goncourt to the author of "the best and most imaginative prose work of the year"...
(poetry), the Grand Prize of the Académie française
Académie française
L'Académie française , also called the French Academy, is the pre-eminent French learned body on matters pertaining to the French language. The Académie was officially established in 1635 by Cardinal Richelieu, the chief minister to King Louis XIII. Suppressed in 1793 during the French Revolution,...
, and the grand prize of the Société des gens de lettres
Société des gens de lettres
The Sociéte des gens de lettres de France is a writers' association founded in 1838 by the notable French authors Honoré de Balzac, Victor Hugo, Alexandre Dumas, and George Sand...
.
Life
Born in LimogesLimoges
Limoges |Limousin]] dialect of Occitan) is a city and commune, the capital of the Haute-Vienne department and the administrative capital of the Limousin région in west-central France....
, Clancier was encouraged by professors in 1930. He began writing poems, and in 1933, to work for journals including Les Cahiers du Sud. He came in 1939 to Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
, but returned in 1940 in Limousin
Limousin (région)
Limousin is one of the 27 regions of France. It is composed of three départements: Corrèze, Creuse and the Haute-Vienne.Situated largely in the Massif Central, as of January 1st 2008, the Limousin comprised 740,743 inhabitants on nearly 17 000 km2, making it the second least populated region of...
, studying at the Faculty of Arts at Poitiers
Poitiers
Poitiers is a city on the Clain river in west central France. It is a commune and the capital of the Vienne department and of the Poitou-Charentes region. The centre is picturesque and its streets are interesting for predominant remains of historical architecture, especially from the Romanesque...
and Toulouse
Toulouse
Toulouse is a city in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern FranceIt lies on the banks of the River Garonne, 590 km away from Paris and half-way between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea...
, and met Joe Bousquet
Joë Bousquet
Joë Bousquet was a French poet.Wounded on May 27, 1918 at Vailly near the Aisne battlelines at the end of the First World War, he was paralysed for the rest of his life, and lived a life largely bedridden, surrounded by his books...
in Carcassonne
Carcassonne
Carcassonne is a fortified French town in the Aude department, of which it is the prefecture, in the former province of Languedoc.It is divided into the fortified Cité de Carcassonne and the more expansive lower city, the ville basse. Carcassone was founded by the Visigoths in the fifth century,...
. In 1940, he joined the editorial board of the journal Fontaine led in Algiers by Max-Pol Fouchet. In Saint-Léonard-de-Noblat
Saint-Léonard-de-Noblat
Saint-Léonard-de-Noblat is a commune in the Haute-Vienne department in the Limousin region in west-central France.Perched on a hill above the river Vienne, the town is named after Saint Leonard of Noblac, who, as legend suggests, was responsible for the liberation of many prisoners in 11th century...
(Haute-Vienne
Haute-Vienne
Haute-Vienne is a French department named after the Vienne River. It is one of three departments that together constitute the French region of Limousin.The chief and largest city is Limoges...
), he met Raymond Queneau
Raymond Queneau
Raymond Queneau was a French poet and novelist and the co-founder of Ouvroir de littérature potentielle .-Biography:Born in Le Havre, Seine-Maritime, Queneau was the only child of Auguste Queneau and Joséphine Mignot...
, Michel Leiris
Michel Leiris
Julien Michel Leiris was a French surrealist writer and ethnographer.-Biography:...
, Lourmarin Claude Roy, Pierre Seghers
Pierre Seghers
Pierre Seghers was a French poet and editor. During the Second World War he took part in the French Resistance movement....
, Loys Masson, Pierre Emmanuel
Pierre Emmanuel
Noël Mathieu better known under his pseudonym Pierre Emmanuel, was a French poet of Christian inspiration...
and Max-Pol Fouchet. From 1942 to 1944, he collected and transmitted secretly in Algiers texts of writers of the French Resistance
French Resistance
The French Resistance is the name used to denote the collection of French resistance movements that fought against the Nazi German occupation of France and against the collaborationist Vichy régime during World War II...
to occupied France.
After the Liberation, he was responsible for programs on Radio-Limoges, and was a journalist for the Populaire du Centre. He wrote articles and made extensive comments on the radio, of the work of Maurice Boitel
Maurice Boitel
Maurice Boitel Maurice Boitel Maurice Boitel (July 31, 1919 – August 11, 2007 in Audresselles (Pas-de-Calais), was a French painter.-Artistic life:Maurice Boitel belonged to the art movement called "La Jeune Peinture" ("Young Picture") of the School of Paris, with painters like Bernard Buffet, Yves...
, who came to paint in the region. He founded, with Robert Margerit
Robert Margerit
Margerit Robert was a French journalist and writer.- Biography :He completed high school in Limoges; he was a journalist in Limoges in 1931....
and Rene Rougerie, the magazine Centres, then edited a collection of poems, manuscripts, poetry and criticism, in Rougerie (including poems by Claude Roy, Jean Lescure
Jean Lescure
- Biography :In 1938 Jean Lescure published his first plaquette of poems, "Le voyage immobile", and launched the review "Messages" ....
, Boris Vian
Boris Vian
Boris Vian was a French polymath: writer, poet, musician, singer, translator, critic, actor, inventor and engineer. He is best remembered today for his novels. Those published under the pseudonym Vernon Sullivan were bizarre parodies of criminal fiction, highly controversial at the time of their...
).
From 1955 to 1970, he worked in Paris as secretary general of the programming committees of the Radiodiffusion-Télévision Française
Radiodiffusion-Télévision Française
Radiodiffusion-Télévision Française was the French national public broadcasting organization established on 9 February 1949 to replace the post-war "Radiodiffusion Française" , which had been founded in 1945...
, (which then became the ORTF). In 1956 he published Le Pain noir, a series of novels in which he told, until 1961, the story of his family, and his maternal grandmother, an illiterate shepherd. Le Pain noir, was adapted for television in 1974, by Françoise Verny and Serge Moati
Serge Moati
Serge Moati is a French artist, journalist, film director and writer. Serge Moati is the brother of Nine Moati, author of the novel Les Belles de Tunis...
.
He was President of the PEN of France from 1976 to 1979, where he worked in the defense of writers threatened, detained, deported or exiled. In 1980 he was Vice-President of the French Commission for UNESCO
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations...
, in 1987 Vice President of International PEN
International PEN
PEN International , the worldwide association of writers, was founded in London in 1921 to promote friendship and intellectual co-operation among writers everywhere....
, and chairman of the House of Writers which was founded in 1986 to 1990.
Awards
- 1949 Prix Maurice Bourdet
- 1957 The Grand Prize Société des gens de lettresSociété des gens de lettresThe Sociéte des gens de lettres de France is a writers' association founded in 1838 by the notable French authors Honoré de Balzac, Victor Hugo, Alexandre Dumas, and George Sand...
- 1957 Prix des Quatre Juries
- 1970 Booksellers Award
- 1971 Grand Prix of the Académie françaiseAcadémie françaiseL'Académie française , also called the French Academy, is the pre-eminent French learned body on matters pertaining to the French language. The Académie was officially established in 1635 by Cardinal Richelieu, the chief minister to King Louis XIII. Suppressed in 1793 during the French Revolution,...
- 1992 Prix GoncourtPrix GoncourtThe Prix Goncourt is a prize in French literature, given by the académie Goncourt to the author of "the best and most imaginative prose work of the year"...
Poetry
- Temps des héros, Cahiers de l'École de Rochefort, 1943.
- Le Paysan céleste, Marseille, Robert Laffont, 1943.
- Journal parlé, Limoges, Rougerie, 1949.
- Terre secrète, Paris, Seghers, 1951.
- L'Autre rive, Limoges, Rougerie, 1952.
- Vrai visage, Paris, Seghers, 1953; Paris, Robert Laffont, 1965.
- Une Voix, Paris, Gallimard (Prix Artaud 1957).
- Évidences, Paris, Mercure de France, 1960.
- Terres de Mémoire, Paris, Robert Laffont, 1965.
- Le Siècle et l'espace, Marc Pessein, 1970.
- Peut-être une demeure, précédé d' Écriture des jours, Paris, Gallimard, 1972.
- Le Voyage analogique, Paris, Jean Briance, 1976.
- Oscillante parole, Paris, Gallimard, 1978.
- Mots de l'Aspre, Georges Badin, 1980.
- Le Poème hanté, Paris, Gallimard, 1983.
- Le Paysan céleste, suivi de Chansons sur porcelaine, Notre temps, Écriture des jours, préface de Pierre Gascar, Paris, Poésie Gallimard, 1984.
- L'Orée, Luxembourg, Euroeditor, 1987.
- Tentative d'un cadastre amoureux, Ottawa (Canada), Écrits des Forges, 1989.
- Passagers du temps, Paris, Gallimard, 1991.
- Contre-Chants, Paris, Gallimard, 2001.
- Terres de mémoire suivi de Vrai visage, Paris, La Table Ronde, coll. poche La Petite vermillon n° 187, 2003, 288 p. (ISBN 2710325683).
- Le Paysan céleste - Notre part d'or et d'ombre (poèmes 1950-2000), préface d'André Dhôtel, Paris, Poésie/Gallimard, 2008.
- Vive fut l'aventure, Paris, Gallimard, 2008.
Novels
- Quadrille sur la tour, Alger, Edmond Charlot, 1942 puis Mercure de France 1963
- La Couronne de vie, Paris, Edmond Charlot, 1946
- Dernière heure, Paris, Gallimard, 1951; Éditions du Rocher, 1998
- Le Pain noir (I), Paris, Robert Laffont, 1956
- La Fabrique du roi (II), Paris, Robert Laffont, 1957
- Les Drapeaux de la ville (III), Paris, Robert Laffont, 1959
- La Dernière Saison (IV), Paris, Robert Laffont, 1961
- Les Incertains, Paris, Seghers, 1965; Paris, Robert Laffont, 1970
- L'Éternité plus un jour, Paris, Robert Laffont, 1969; La Table Ronde, 2005
- La Halte dans l'été, Paris, Robert Laffont, 1976
- Le Pain noir, La Fabrique du roi, Tome I, Les Drapeaux de la ville, La dernière saison, Tome II, Paris, Robert Laffont, 1991
- Une Ombre Sarrasine, Paris, Albin Michel, 1996
Stories
- La Couleuvre du dimanche, Nice, Méditerranea, 1937
- Le Parti des enfants, Paris, Les Œuvres libres n°137, Arthème Fayard, 1957
- Le Baptême, Paris, Les Œuvres libres n° 156, Arthème Fayard, 1959
- Les Arènes de Vérone, Paris, Robert Laffont, 1964
- L'Enfant de neige, Paris, Casterman, 1978
- L'Enfant qui prenait le vent, Paris, Casterman, 1984
Autobiography
- Ces ombres qui m'éclairent:
- L'Enfant double, Paris, Albin Michel, 1984
- L'Ecolier des rêves, Paris, Albin Michel, 1986
- Un Jeune Homme au secret, Paris, Albin Michel, 1989