George Cadogan, 3rd Earl Cadogan
Encyclopedia
Admiral George Cadogan, 3rd Earl Cadogan KMT
, CB
(5 May 1783 - 15 Sep 1864) was a prominent British Royal Navy
officer and politician of the mid-nineteenth century who first gained notoriety for his service in the Adriatic campaign of the Napoleonic Wars in command of . Cadogan later served as aide-de-camp to successive British monarchs and received promotion to full admiral.
The son of Charles Cadogan, 3rd Baron Cadogan and his second wife Mary Churchill, Cadogan inherited his father's titles from his half brother Charles in 1832 and became the third Earl Cadogan
. He was also created 1st Baron Oakley of Caversham on 10 September 1831. Later in life, Cadogan was elected to become a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London
and died in 1864.
.
By 1807, George was a Post Captain and in 1811 he was given command of the newly commissioned HMS Havannah, a 36-gun fifth rate frigate
. In 1812 Havannah was ordered to the Adriatic, to reinforce the British squadron there that had already defeated the French forces in the area at several battles in 1811. Havannah was based at the island of Lissa
, but in 1813 Cadogan was ordered to operate against the Northern Italian coastline in conjunction with the approaching forces of the Austrian Empire
during the War of the Sixth Coalition
.
Cadogan was highly successful in this endeavour, destroying or capturing numerous French and Italian ships off Vasto
and other ports on the French-held coastline. In October 1813, Cadogan was attached to the force under Thomas Fremantle that forced the surrender of Trieste
and later in the year Havannah successfully captured Zara
from the French garrison in a daring coastal raid. In 1815, Cadogan returned to Britain and was made Companion of the Order of the Bath.
The untimely deaths of six of Cadogan's seven brothers brought him the title of Earl Cadogan
(which his father had been awarded in 1800) on the death of his eldest brother Charles Cadogan, 2nd Earl Cadogan
in 1832. Cadogan took his seat in the House of Lords
, but remained a prominent naval officer, continuing to rise in the service and serving as aide-de-camp to King William IV
between 1830 and 1837 and Queen Victoria
between 1837 and 1841. By 1851, Cadogan was a vice-admiral and in 1852 he became a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London
.
Cadogan died a full admiral in 1864 in his London home in Piccadilly.
Cadogan was married to Honoria Louisa Balke and the couple had five children, the eldest surviving son of whom, Henry, became on his death 4th Earl Cadogan and the fifth General Sir George Cadogan
of the British Army.
As a naval captain in 1809 he fought a duel with Lord Paget, who had seduced Cadogan's sister-in-law.
His youngest son Frederick William Cadogan
sat as Member of Parliament
for Cricklade
.
Military Order of Maria Theresa
The Military Order of Maria Theresa was an Order of the Austro-Hungarian Empire founded on June 18, 1757, the day of the Battle of Kolin, by the Empress...
, CB
Order of the Bath
The Most Honourable Order of the Bath is a British order of chivalry founded by George I on 18 May 1725. The name derives from the elaborate mediæval ceremony for creating a knight, which involved bathing as one of its elements. The knights so created were known as Knights of the Bath...
(5 May 1783 - 15 Sep 1864) was a prominent British Royal Navy
Royal Navy
The Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...
officer and politician of the mid-nineteenth century who first gained notoriety for his service in the Adriatic campaign of the Napoleonic Wars in command of . Cadogan later served as aide-de-camp to successive British monarchs and received promotion to full admiral.
The son of Charles Cadogan, 3rd Baron Cadogan and his second wife Mary Churchill, Cadogan inherited his father's titles from his half brother Charles in 1832 and became the third Earl Cadogan
Earl Cadogan
Earl Cadogan is a title that has been created twice in the Peerage of Great Britain. The Cadogan family descends from Major William Cadogan, a cavalry officer in Oliver Cromwell's army. His son Henry Cadogan was a barrister in Dublin. His eldest son William Cadogan was a noted soldier, politician...
. He was also created 1st Baron Oakley of Caversham on 10 September 1831. Later in life, Cadogan was elected to become a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London
Society of Antiquaries of London
The Society of Antiquaries of London is a learned society "charged by its Royal Charter of 1751 with 'the encouragement, advancement and furtherance of the study and knowledge of the antiquities and history of this and other countries'." It is based at Burlington House, Piccadilly, London , and is...
and died in 1864.
Life
George Cadogan was born in 1783 at St James's Square in London, the eighth son of Charles Cadogan, 3rd Baron Cadogan and the second son of Mary Churchill, the Baron's second wife. George would follow his brother Thomas, 29 years his senior, into the Royal Navy, although Thomas had drowned in an accident in 1782. Joining the Navy aged 13 in 1796, Cadogan served in the French Revolutionary WarsFrench Revolutionary Wars
The French Revolutionary Wars were a series of major conflicts, from 1792 until 1802, fought between the French Revolutionary government and several European states...
.
By 1807, George was a Post Captain and in 1811 he was given command of the newly commissioned HMS Havannah, a 36-gun fifth rate frigate
Frigate
A frigate is any of several types of warship, the term having been used for ships of various sizes and roles over the last few centuries.In the 17th century, the term was used for any warship built for speed and maneuverability, the description often used being "frigate-built"...
. In 1812 Havannah was ordered to the Adriatic, to reinforce the British squadron there that had already defeated the French forces in the area at several battles in 1811. Havannah was based at the island of Lissa
Vis (island)
Vis is the most outerly lying larger Croatian island in the Adriatic Sea, and is part of the Central Dalmatian group of islands, with an area of 90.26 km² and a population of 3,617 . Of all the inhabited Croatian islands, it is the farthest from the coast...
, but in 1813 Cadogan was ordered to operate against the Northern Italian coastline in conjunction with the approaching forces of the Austrian Empire
Austrian Empire
The Austrian Empire was a modern era successor empire, which was centered on what is today's Austria and which officially lasted from 1804 to 1867. It was followed by the Empire of Austria-Hungary, whose proclamation was a diplomatic move that elevated Hungary's status within the Austrian Empire...
during the War of the Sixth Coalition
War of the Sixth Coalition
In the War of the Sixth Coalition , a coalition of Austria, Prussia, Russia, the United Kingdom, Portugal, Sweden, Spain and a number of German States finally defeated France and drove Napoleon Bonaparte into exile on Elba. After Napoleon's disastrous invasion of Russia, the continental powers...
.
Cadogan was highly successful in this endeavour, destroying or capturing numerous French and Italian ships off Vasto
Vasto
Vasto is a town and comune on the Adriatic coast of the Province of Chieti in southern Abruzzo, Italy. The population is now just over 40,000.-History:According to tradition, the town was founded by Diomedes, the Greek hero...
and other ports on the French-held coastline. In October 1813, Cadogan was attached to the force under Thomas Fremantle that forced the surrender of Trieste
Trieste
Trieste is a city and seaport in northeastern Italy. It is situated towards the end of a narrow strip of land lying between the Adriatic Sea and Italy's border with Slovenia, which lies almost immediately south and east of the city...
and later in the year Havannah successfully captured Zara
Zadar
Zadar is a city in Croatia on the Adriatic Sea. It is the centre of Zadar county and the wider northern Dalmatian region. Population of the city is 75,082 citizens...
from the French garrison in a daring coastal raid. In 1815, Cadogan returned to Britain and was made Companion of the Order of the Bath.
The untimely deaths of six of Cadogan's seven brothers brought him the title of Earl Cadogan
Earl Cadogan
Earl Cadogan is a title that has been created twice in the Peerage of Great Britain. The Cadogan family descends from Major William Cadogan, a cavalry officer in Oliver Cromwell's army. His son Henry Cadogan was a barrister in Dublin. His eldest son William Cadogan was a noted soldier, politician...
(which his father had been awarded in 1800) on the death of his eldest brother Charles Cadogan, 2nd Earl Cadogan
Charles Cadogan, 2nd Earl Cadogan
Charles Henry Sloane Cadogan, 2nd Earl Cadogan was a British nobleman, styled Viscount Chelsea from 1800 to 1807....
in 1832. Cadogan took his seat in the House of Lords
House of Lords
The House of Lords is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Like the House of Commons, it meets in the Palace of Westminster....
, but remained a prominent naval officer, continuing to rise in the service and serving as aide-de-camp to King William IV
William IV of the United Kingdom
William IV was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of Hanover from 26 June 1830 until his death...
between 1830 and 1837 and Queen Victoria
Victoria of the United Kingdom
Victoria was the monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death. From 1 May 1876, she used the additional title of Empress of India....
between 1837 and 1841. By 1851, Cadogan was a vice-admiral and in 1852 he became a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London
Society of Antiquaries of London
The Society of Antiquaries of London is a learned society "charged by its Royal Charter of 1751 with 'the encouragement, advancement and furtherance of the study and knowledge of the antiquities and history of this and other countries'." It is based at Burlington House, Piccadilly, London , and is...
.
Cadogan died a full admiral in 1864 in his London home in Piccadilly.
Cadogan was married to Honoria Louisa Balke and the couple had five children, the eldest surviving son of whom, Henry, became on his death 4th Earl Cadogan and the fifth General Sir George Cadogan
George Cadogan
General Sir George Cadogan was a general in the British Army.-Life:The fifth son of George Cadogan, 3rd Earl Cadogan and Honoria Louisa Blake , he served in the Crimean War and produced watercolours of scenes he witnessed during it...
of the British Army.
As a naval captain in 1809 he fought a duel with Lord Paget, who had seduced Cadogan's sister-in-law.
His youngest son Frederick William Cadogan
Frederick William Cadogan
Frederick William Cadogan DL, JP , styled The Honourable from 1831, was a British barrister and Liberal politician....
sat as Member of Parliament
Member of Parliament
A Member of Parliament is a representative of the voters to a :parliament. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, the term applies specifically to members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a different title, such as senate, and thus also have different titles for its members,...
for Cricklade
Cricklade (UK Parliament constituency)
Cricklade was a parliamentary constituency named after the town of Cricklade in Wiltshire.From 1295 until 1885, Cricklade was a parliamentary borough, returning two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, previously to the House of Commons of...
.