Garwolin
Encyclopedia
Wilga
Wilga can refer to:* Wilga , a river in Poland* Wilga, Masovian Voivodeship * Wilga, Western Australia a town in Western Australia* Wilga a small tree of Australia* PZL-104 Wilga, a Polish plane...
river in eastern Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
, capital of Garwolin County
Garwolin County
Garwolin County is a unit of territorial administration and local government in Masovian Voivodeship, east-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Garwolin, which lies ...
, situated in the southeast part of the Garwolin plateau in Masovian Voivodeship
Masovian Voivodeship
-Administrative division:Masovian Voivodeship is divided into 42 counties : 5 city counties and 37 "land counties"...
(since 1999, before: Siedlce Voivodeship
Siedlce Voivodeship
Siedlce Voivodeship was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland in years 1975–1998, superseded by Masovian Voivodeship and Lublin Voivodeship. Its capital city was Siedlce.-Major cities and towns :...
), 62 km southeast of Warsaw
Warsaw
Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...
, 100 km northwest of Lublin
Lublin
Lublin is the ninth largest city in Poland. It is the capital of Lublin Voivodeship with a population of 350,392 . Lublin is also the largest Polish city east of the Vistula river...
. There are about 16,000 inhabitants in the town.
History
Traces of settlement on terrains of present days boundaries of Garwolin are more than 2000 years old. It is believed that Garwolin received its city charter in 1423, but the exact date is unknown; it is almost certain that the document from 1423 was only acknowledgement of before-stated city laws. In time of the DelugeThe Deluge (Polish history)
The term Deluge denotes a series of mid-17th century campaigns in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. In a wider sense it applies to the period between the Khmelnytsky Uprising of 1648 and the Truce of Andrusovo in 1667, thus comprising the Polish–Lithuanian theaters of the Russo-Polish and...
casualties exceeded 90%.
During WWII
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
and the Nazi occupation of Poland, about 70% of the city was destroyed. The town and the powiat
Powiat
A powiat is the second-level unit of local government and administration in Poland, equivalent to a county, district or prefecture in other countries. The term powiat is most often translated into English as "county", although other terms are also sometimes used...
were administered by Kreishauptmann Karl Freudenthal
Karl Freudenthal
Karl Freudenthal was a lawyer, a Nazi and an officer of the Schutzstaffel. In 1941 he was made a Kreishauptmann of powiat Garwolin in Nazi occupied Poland...
, who was responsible for the murder of more than 1000 inhabitants, the deportation of several thousand local Poles to concentration camps and slave labor in Nazi Germany, and the transfer of the local Jews to various ghettos in the region. For his war crimes, Freudenthal was sentenced to death by the Polish underground, and the sentence was carried out by the Home Army on 5 July 1944, as part of Operacja Główki
Operacja Główki
Operation Heads was the code name of a series of assassinations of Nazi officials by the Polish Resistance during World War II. Those targeted for assassination had been sentenced to death by the Special Courts of the Polish Underground for crimes against Polish citizens during the World War II...
("Operation Heads").
After war it was restored and enlarged. Neobaroque church from the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries is a noteworthy monument of Garwolin.
Education
- the Józef Piłsudski grammar school,
- two vocational schools,
- Academy of Management in Łódź, branch in Garwolin.
Economy
Centre of industry and services; machine, means of transport, nutritive (milk co-operative, meat) industries, clothing, leather, construction materials, furniture and cosmetics manufactures.Transport
- Principal road #17: direction WarsawWarsawWarsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...
-Garwolin-LublinLublinLublin is the ninth largest city in Poland. It is the capital of Lublin Voivodeship with a population of 350,392 . Lublin is also the largest Polish city east of the Vistula river...
-Hrebenne, - Principal road #76: direction Łuków-Garwolin-WilgaWilgaWilga can refer to:* Wilga , a river in Poland* Wilga, Masovian Voivodeship * Wilga, Western Australia a town in Western Australia* Wilga a small tree of Australia* PZL-104 Wilga, a Polish plane...
.
In distance of 5 km from town railway route Warszawa-Lublin
Lublin
Lublin is the ninth largest city in Poland. It is the capital of Lublin Voivodeship with a population of 350,392 . Lublin is also the largest Polish city east of the Vistula river...
proceeds; station Garwolin is placed in nearby village Wola Rębkowska
Wola Rebkowska
Wola Rębkowska is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Garwolin, within Garwolin County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately west of Garwolin and south-east of Warsaw.The village has a population of 1,400....
.
Sport & Culture
- "Wilga" Cinema,
- Centre of Sports and Culture,
- Wilga Garwolin Sports Club.
External links
- County of Garwolin
- City's Hall Official Page
- Garwolin County's Community Association
- Community of Garwolin
- Centre of Sports and Culture