Gardiner, Montana
Encyclopedia
Gardiner is a census-designated place
(CDP) in Park County
, Montana
, United States
, along the 45th parallel. The population was 851 at the 2000 census.
Gardiner was officially founded in 1880, but the area has served as a main entrance to Yellowstone National Park
since its creation in 1872. Parks' Fly Shop
, one of the oldest fly shops and guiding operations in the Yellowstone area, was started by Merton Parks in 1953. Yellowstone National Park Heritage and Research Center, which opened May 18, 2005 is located in Gardiner, MT and houses National Park Service
archives, Yellowstone museum collections and reference libraries.
Gardner's Hole. Originally, named Gardner's Fork, the river took on Gardner's name although prospectors and explorers who visited the area later in the century were unaware of the trapper Johnson Gardner. In 1870, when the Washburn-Langford-Doane Expedition
passed through the area they began calling the river Gardiner--a phonetic error. Hiram M. Chittenden
(1895) and Nathaniel P. Langford
(1905) confirmed this spelling in their accounts of the expedition.
When the Hayden Geological Survey of 1871
passed through the Gardiner area they encountered two men, named J.C. McCartney and H. R. Horr, that had laid claim to 320 acres (1.3 km²) and established a ranch and bath house on the Mammoth terraces near Liberty Cap. These entrepreneurs eventually established a primitive hotel at Mammoth and were not evicted from the area until many years after the park was established. McCartney also went by the name Jim Gardiner and received messages, consignments and such destined for guests of his hotel addressed to: Jim on the Gardiner. On February 9, 1880, a territorial post office was established just outside the park boundary and the beginning of Gardiner, Montana took place.
In 1883, the Northern Pacific Railway
completed the extension of their Park Branch Line from Livingston, Montana
to Cinnabar north of Gardiner. In 1903, the line was extended to Gardiner. Railroad service to Gardiner was discontinued in 1948.
According to the United States Census Bureau
, the CDP has a total area of 3.9 square miles (10.1 km²), of which, 3.8 square miles (9.8 km²) of it is land and 0.1 square mile (0.258998811 km²) of it (2.32%) is water. Quite a few of the residents either work in, or have at one time, worked in Yellowstone.
of 2000, there were 851 people, 435 households, and 210 families residing in the CDP. The population density
was 224.9 people per square mile (86.9/km²). There were 497 housing units at an average density of 131.3 per square mile (50.8/km²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.30% White, 0.35% African American, 1.41% Native American, 0.24% Asian, 0.12% from other races
, and 0.59% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.47% of the population.
There were 435 households out of which 22.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.0% were married couples
living together, 5.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 51.5% were non-families. 43.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 4.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.96 and the average family size was 2.73.
In the CDP the population was spread out with 20.8% under the age of 18, 2.9% from 18 to 24, 40.5% from 25 to 44, 28.0% from 45 to 64, and 7.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 96.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.4 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $30,125, and the median income for a family was $46,071. Males had a median income of $30,240 versus $17,614 for females. The per capita income
for the CDP was $17,810. About 3.4% of families and 8.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.8% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.
Census-designated place
A census-designated place is a concentration of population identified by the United States Census Bureau for statistical purposes. CDPs are delineated for each decennial census as the statistical counterparts of incorporated places such as cities, towns and villages...
(CDP) in Park County
Park County, Montana
Park Counties in Montana and Wyoming are among the very few pairs of counties in the United States with the same name to border each other across state lines.-National protected areas:* Custer National Forest * Gallatin National Forest...
, Montana
Montana
Montana is a state in the Western United States. The western third of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges. Smaller, "island ranges" are found in the central third of the state, for a total of 77 named ranges of the Rocky Mountains. This geographical fact is reflected in the state's name,...
, United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, along the 45th parallel. The population was 851 at the 2000 census.
Gardiner was officially founded in 1880, but the area has served as a main entrance to Yellowstone National Park
Yellowstone National Park
Yellowstone National Park, established by the U.S. Congress and signed into law by President Ulysses S. Grant on March 1, 1872, is a national park located primarily in the U.S. state of Wyoming, although it also extends into Montana and Idaho...
since its creation in 1872. Parks' Fly Shop
Parks' Fly Shop
Parks Fly Shop is a fly shop and licensed fly fishing outfitter in Gardiner, Montana. In business since 1953, the shop located at 202 2nd Street between Main and Stone is the oldest business in Gardiner under continuous family ownership.-History:...
, one of the oldest fly shops and guiding operations in the Yellowstone area, was started by Merton Parks in 1953. Yellowstone National Park Heritage and Research Center, which opened May 18, 2005 is located in Gardiner, MT and houses National Park Service
National Park Service
The National Park Service is the U.S. federal agency that manages all national parks, many national monuments, and other conservation and historical properties with various title designations...
archives, Yellowstone museum collections and reference libraries.
History
The name Gardiner derives from Johnson Gardner, a fur trapper who operated in the area in 1830-31. He named the lush headwaters valley of today's Gardner RiverGardner River
The Gardner River is a tributary of the Yellowstone River, approximately long, in northwestern Wyoming and south central Montana in the United States. The entire river is located within Yellowstone National Park...
Gardner's Hole. Originally, named Gardner's Fork, the river took on Gardner's name although prospectors and explorers who visited the area later in the century were unaware of the trapper Johnson Gardner. In 1870, when the Washburn-Langford-Doane Expedition
Washburn-Langford-Doane Expedition
The Washburn Expedition of 1870, explored the region of northwestern Wyoming that a couple years later became Yellowstone National Park. Led by Henry Washburn, Nathaniel P. Langford and under U.S. Army escort led by Lt. Gustavus C...
passed through the area they began calling the river Gardiner--a phonetic error. Hiram M. Chittenden
Hiram M. Chittenden
Hiram Martin Chittenden was the Seattle district engineer for the Army Corps of Engineers for whom the Hiram M. Chittenden Locks in Seattle, Washington, were named.-Early Life:...
(1895) and Nathaniel P. Langford
Nathaniel P. Langford
Nathaniel Pitt Langford was an explorer, businessman, bureaucrat, vigilante and historian from St. Paul, Minnesota who played an important role in the early years of the Montana gold fields, territorial government and the creation of Yellowstone National Park.-Montana Gold Fields:On June 16, 1862...
(1905) confirmed this spelling in their accounts of the expedition.
When the Hayden Geological Survey of 1871
Hayden Geological Survey of 1871
The Hayden Geological Survey of 1871 explored the region of northwestern Wyoming that later became Yellowstone National Park in 1872. It was led by geologist Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden...
passed through the Gardiner area they encountered two men, named J.C. McCartney and H. R. Horr, that had laid claim to 320 acres (1.3 km²) and established a ranch and bath house on the Mammoth terraces near Liberty Cap. These entrepreneurs eventually established a primitive hotel at Mammoth and were not evicted from the area until many years after the park was established. McCartney also went by the name Jim Gardiner and received messages, consignments and such destined for guests of his hotel addressed to: Jim on the Gardiner. On February 9, 1880, a territorial post office was established just outside the park boundary and the beginning of Gardiner, Montana took place.
In 1883, the Northern Pacific Railway
Northern Pacific Railway
The Northern Pacific Railway was a railway that operated in the west along the Canadian border of the United States. Construction began in 1870 and the main line opened all the way from the Great Lakes to the Pacific when former president Ulysses S. Grant drove in the final "golden spike" in...
completed the extension of their Park Branch Line from Livingston, Montana
Livingston, Montana
-Geography:Livingston is located at , at an altitude of 4.501 feet .According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which, of it is land and 0.38% is waters.-Climate:-Demographics:...
to Cinnabar north of Gardiner. In 1903, the line was extended to Gardiner. Railroad service to Gardiner was discontinued in 1948.
Geography
Gardiner is located at 45°2′13"N 110°42′50"W (45.036837, -110.713768).According to the United States Census Bureau
United States Census Bureau
The United States Census Bureau is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census. It also gathers other national demographic and economic data...
, the CDP has a total area of 3.9 square miles (10.1 km²), of which, 3.8 square miles (9.8 km²) of it is land and 0.1 square mile (0.258998811 km²) of it (2.32%) is water. Quite a few of the residents either work in, or have at one time, worked in Yellowstone.
Demographics
As of the censusCensus
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
of 2000, there were 851 people, 435 households, and 210 families residing in the CDP. The population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...
was 224.9 people per square mile (86.9/km²). There were 497 housing units at an average density of 131.3 per square mile (50.8/km²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.30% White, 0.35% African American, 1.41% Native American, 0.24% Asian, 0.12% from other races
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...
, and 0.59% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.47% of the population.
There were 435 households out of which 22.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.0% were married couples
Marriage
Marriage is a social union or legal contract between people that creates kinship. It is an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually intimate and sexual, are acknowledged in a variety of ways, depending on the culture or subculture in which it is found...
living together, 5.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 51.5% were non-families. 43.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 4.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.96 and the average family size was 2.73.
In the CDP the population was spread out with 20.8% under the age of 18, 2.9% from 18 to 24, 40.5% from 25 to 44, 28.0% from 45 to 64, and 7.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 96.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.4 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $30,125, and the median income for a family was $46,071. Males had a median income of $30,240 versus $17,614 for females. The per capita income
Per capita income
Per capita income or income per person is a measure of mean income within an economic aggregate, such as a country or city. It is calculated by taking a measure of all sources of income in the aggregate and dividing it by the total population...
for the CDP was $17,810. About 3.4% of families and 8.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.8% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.
Education
Schools in Gardiner include:- Gardiner School (Grades K-6; 101 Students)
- Gardiner 7-8 School (Grades 7-8; 44 Students)
- Gardiner High SchoolGardiner High SchoolGardiner High School is a public high school located in Gardiner, Montana near the north entrance to Yellowstone National Park. It consists of grades 9-12, has 85 students and 8 teachers, making a student teacher ratio of 1:10....
(Grades 9-12; 85 Students)
Media
| AM radio | FM radio | Television |
|---|---|---|
| KBOZ KBOZ (AM) KBOZ is a radio station broadcasting a Talk/Personality format. Licensed to Bozeman, Montana, USA, the station serves the greater Bozeman area... 1090 |
KOBB-FM KOBB-FM KOBB-FM is a radio station licensed to serve Bozeman, Montana, USA. The station is owned by Reier Broadcasting Company, which operates as the KBOZ Radio Stations Group.... 93.7 |
KTVM 6 NBC NBC The National Broadcasting Company is an American commercial broadcasting television network and former radio network headquartered in the GE Building in New York City's Rockefeller Center with additional major offices near Los Angeles and in Chicago... |
| KOBB KOBB (AM) KOBB is a radio station licensed to serve Bozeman, Montana, USA. The station is owned by Reier Broadcasting Company, Inc., which operates as the KBOZ Radio Stations Group.... 1230 |
KMMS-FM KMMS-FM KMMS-FM is a radio station licensed to serve Bozeman, Montana. The station is owned by Townsquare Media, licensed to Townsquare Media Bozeman License, LLC. It airs an Adult Album Alternative music format.... 95.1 |
KBZK 7 CBS CBS CBS Broadcasting Inc. is a major US commercial broadcasting television network, which started as a radio network. The name is derived from the initials of the network's former name, Columbia Broadcasting System. The network is sometimes referred to as the "Eye Network" in reference to the shape of... |
| KPRK 1340 | KISN KISN (FM) KISN is a radio station licensed to serve Belgrade, Montana. The station is owned by Townsquare Media, licensed to Gap Broadcasting Bozeman License, LLC. It airs a Top 40 music format.... 96.7 |
KUSM KUSM Montana PBS is the Public Broadcasting Service member Public television state network for Montana. It is a joint venture between Montana State University and the University of Montana-Missoula... 9 PBS Public Broadcasting Service The Public Broadcasting Service is an American non-profit public broadcasting television network with 354 member TV stations in the United States which hold collective ownership. Its headquarters is in Arlington, Virginia.... |
| KMMS KMMS (AM) KMMS is a radio station licensed to serve Bozeman, Montana. The station is owned by Townsquare Media, licensed to Townsquare Media Bozeman License, LLC. It airs a news/talk format.... 1450 |
KOZB KOZB KOZB is a radio station broadcasting a classic rock format. Licensed to serve Livingston, Montana, USA. The station is owned by Reier Broadcasting Company, Inc., which operates as the KBOZ Radio Stations Group.... 97.5 |
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| KBOZ-FM KBOZ-FM KBOZ-FM is a radio station broadcasting a Country music format. Licensed to Bozeman, Montana, USA, the station serves the Bozeman area. The station is owned by Reier Broadcasting Company, Inc., which operates as the KBOZ Radio Stations Group.The offices and all the studios are located southwest... 99.9 |
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| KXLB KXLB KXLB is a radio station licensed to serve Livingston, Montana. The station is owned by Townsquare Media and the broadcast license is held by Townsquare Media Bozeman License, LLC.... 100.7 |
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| KZMY KZMY KZMY is a radio station licensed to serve Bozeman, Montana. The station is owned by Townsquare Media, licensed to Townsquare Media Bozeman License, LLC. It airs a Hot Adult Contemporary music format.... 103.5 |
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| KBZM KBZM KBZM is a radio station licensed to serve Big Sky, Montana, USA. The station is owned by Orion Media LLC. It airs a classic hits music format.... 104.7 |
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| KSCY KSCY KSCY is a radio station broadcasting in the Bozeman, Montana, area. It is licensed to serve Four Corners, Montana. The current owner is Radick Construction, but it is operated by Orion Media LLC.... 106.9 |
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See also
- Angling in Yellowstone National ParkAngling in Yellowstone National ParkAngling in Yellowstone National Park is a major reason many visitors come to the park each year and since it was created in 1872, the park has drawn anglers from around the world to fish its waters. In 2006, over 50,000 park fishing permits were issued to visitors...
- The Summit LighthouseThe Summit LighthouseThe Summit Lighthouse is an international New Age spiritual organization founded in 1958 by Mark L. Prophet. Today it is the outreach arm of Church Universal and Triumphant, founded in 1975 by Prophet's wife, Elizabeth Clare Prophet...
- international headquarters located in Gardiner - North Entrance Road Historic DistrictNorth Entrance Road Historic DistrictThe North Entrance Road Historic District comprises Yellowstone National Park's North Entrance Road from Gardiner, Montana to the park headquarters at Mammoth Hot Springs, Wyoming, a distance of a little over five miles . The North Entrance Road was the first major road in the park, necessary to...