Gamma-Hydroxyvaleric acid
Encyclopedia
gamma-Hydroxyvaleric acid (GHV) is a psychoactive drug
and designer drug
which is structurally
and pharmacologically
related to both gamma-hydroxybutyric acid
(GHB) and gamma-aminobutyric acid
(GABA). It is sometimes seen on the black market as a legal alternative to GHB, but with lower potency and higher toxicity, which has tended to limit its recreational abuse.
Psychoactive drug
A psychoactive drug, psychopharmaceutical, or psychotropic is a chemical substance that crosses the blood–brain barrier and acts primarily upon the central nervous system where it affects brain function, resulting in changes in perception, mood, consciousness, cognition, and behavior...
and designer drug
Designer drug
Designer drug is a term used to describe drugs that are created to get around existing drug laws, usually by preparing analogs or derivatives of existing drugs by modifying their chemical structure to varying degrees, or less commonly by finding drugs with entirely different chemical structures...
which is structurally
Chemical structure
A chemical structure includes molecular geometry, electronic structure and crystal structure of molecules. Molecular geometry refers to the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule and the chemical bonds that hold the atoms together. Molecular geometry can range from the very simple, such as...
and pharmacologically
Pharmacology
Pharmacology is the branch of medicine and biology concerned with the study of drug action. More specifically, it is the study of the interactions that occur between a living organism and chemicals that affect normal or abnormal biochemical function...
related to both gamma-hydroxybutyric acid
Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid
γ-Hydroxybutyric acid , also known as 4-hydroxybutanoic acid and sodium oxybate when used for medicinal purposes, is a naturally occurring substance found in the central nervous system, wine, beef, small citrus fruits, and almost all animals in small amounts. It is also categorized as an illegal...
(GHB) and gamma-aminobutyric acid
Gamma-aminobutyric acid
γ-Aminobutyric acid is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. It plays a role in regulating neuronal excitability throughout the nervous system...
(GABA). It is sometimes seen on the black market as a legal alternative to GHB, but with lower potency and higher toxicity, which has tended to limit its recreational abuse.
See also
- 1,4-Butanediol1,4-Butanediol1,4-Butanediol is the organic compound with the formula HOCH2CH2CH2CH2OH. This colorless viscous liquid is derived from butane by placement of alcohol groups at each end of the chain. It is one of four stable isomers of butanediol.-Synthesis:...
(1-4-BD) - gamma-Aminobutyric acidGamma-aminobutyric acidγ-Aminobutyric acid is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. It plays a role in regulating neuronal excitability throughout the nervous system...
(GABA) - gamma-Amino-β-hydroxybutyric acidGamma-amino-beta-hydroxybutyric acidgamma-Amino-beta-hydroxybutyric acid , also known as gamibetal or buxamin, is a derivative of the neurotransmitter GABA...
(GABOB) - gamma-ButyrolactoneGamma-Butyrolactonegamma-Butyrolactone is a hygroscopic colorless oily liquid with a weak characteristic odor and is soluble in water. GBL is a common solvent and reagent in chemistry and is used as an aroma compound, as a stain remover, as a superglue remover, as a paint stripper, and as a solvent in some wet...
(GBL) - gamma-Hydroxybutyric acidGamma-Hydroxybutyric acidγ-Hydroxybutyric acid , also known as 4-hydroxybutanoic acid and sodium oxybate when used for medicinal purposes, is a naturally occurring substance found in the central nervous system, wine, beef, small citrus fruits, and almost all animals in small amounts. It is also categorized as an illegal...
(GHB) - gamma-ValerolactoneGamma-Valerolactonegamma-Valerolactone is an organic compound with the formula C5H8O2. This clear liquid is one of the more common lactones. It is a structural isomer of delta-valerolactone. Because of its herbal odor, it is used in the perfume and flavor industries....
(GVL) - Valerenic acidValerenic acidValerenic acid is a sesquiterpenoid constituent of the essential oil of the Valerian plant. Not to be confused with valeric acid.Valerian is used as a herbal sedative which may be helpful in the treatment of insomnia....
- Valeric acidValeric acidValeric acid, or pentanoic acid, is a straight-chain alkyl carboxylic acid with the chemical formula C5H10O2. Like other low-molecular-weight carboxylic acids, it has a very unpleasant odor. It is found naturally in the perennial flowering plant valerian , from which it gets its name. Its...