GRAPES-3
Encyclopedia
Cosmic ray
Cosmic rays are energetic charged subatomic particles, originating from outer space. They may produce secondary particles that penetrate the Earth's atmosphere and surface. The term ray is historical as cosmic rays were thought to be electromagnetic radiation...
study with air shower
Air shower (physics)
An air shower is an extensive cascade of ionized particles and electromagnetic radiation produced in the atmosphere when a primary cosmic ray enters the atmosphere...
detector array and large area muon
Muon
The muon |mu]] used to represent it) is an elementary particle similar to the electron, with a unitary negative electric charge and a spin of ½. Together with the electron, the tau, and the three neutrinos, it is classified as a lepton...
detectors at Ooty in southern India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
. Its targets are to study about nuclear composition of cosmic ray, high energy gamma-ray astronomy and modulation of solar activity.
It is located at Ooty in Tamilnadu of southern India (N11.4o, E76.7o, H2200m a.s.l.). It started to observe air showers with 217 scintillators and 560 m² of muon detector in 2000. A scintillator can detect charged particles of showers. They are covered on about 10,000 m² area. Muon detectors can detect muon whose energy is above 109 eV.
GRAPES-3 is collaborative project between India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
and Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
. The Collaborating Institutes are:
- Tata Institute of Fundamental ResearchTata Institute of Fundamental ResearchThe Tata Institute of Fundamental Research is a research institution in India dedicated to basic research in mathematics and the sciences. It is a Deemed University and works under the umbrella of the Department of Atomic Energy of the Government of India. It is located at Navy Nagar, Colaba, Mumbai...
- Osaka City UniversityOsaka City University, abbreviated to , is a public university in Japan. It is located in Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka City.- History :OCU's predecessor was founded in 1880, as the Osaka Commercial Training Institute with donations by local merchants. It developed into Osaka Commercial School in 1885, then was municipalized in...
- Nagoya Women's UniversityNagoya Women's Universityis a private women's university in Nagoya, Aichi, Japan with campuses at Tempaku-ku and Mizuho-ku. The predecessor of the school was founded in 1915, and it was chartered as a junior college in 1950....