Frymburk
Encyclopedia
Frymburk is a market town in the Czech Republic
, near to Austria
. It is located in the South Bohemian Region
on a peninsula on the left bank of the Lipno reservoir
. As of 2005 it counted 1,321 citizens.
, from 1302 on it was property of the House of Rosenberg
(the current coat of arms is derived from the Rosenberg arms). In 1379 Frymburk was awarded market rights by the Rosenbergs. Back then it was situated at a trade route from Austria
to Bohemia
and had now gained the right to charge a toll for the bridge across the river Vltava
, which made Frymburk an economically important place in the region. From the 16th century on, Frymburk had its own brewery after Wilhelm von Rosenberg had granted brewery rights. In the late 16th century Frymburk had already 118 houses. In the mid-17th century during the 30 Years War the town was destroyed and burnt down by Swedish troops under Arvid Wittenberg
. In 1676 Frymburk changed its lord once more and now belonged to the House of Buquoy. Another disaster occurred in 1856 when a fire destroyed the town square and 54 houses. Even in the late 19th century the town was still of import for the region, as could be seen by the installation of streets lights as early as 1881 and the introduction of a telegraph station
in 1884.
The most significant change at Frymburk occurred in 1959 when the Lipno dam was built and the reservoir was flooded, which submerged several buildings. Today Frymburk is mainly a resort town that is visited by scores of tourists each year. Attractions include the Šumava National Park
and the Lipno reservoir. Therefore many anglers, hikers and cyclists can be found here, as well as numerous ski tourists during the winter season.
Since 2007 Frymburk qualifies as a market town
again.
style and had to be renovated from 1649 to 1652 due to the Swedish attack. Further works were carried out in 1735 and 1870. The interior is baroque
.
Notable as well is Frymburk's central square which used to be the market square and was turned into a park after the great fire of 1856. Since the late 16th/early 17th century an artificial stream fed from the Podhorský stream flows right through the square. While the two streams were linked by a canal back then, the water is now led through a hose. In the square there is a well, which is presumed to date back to 1676 and is being fed from the stream. Furthermore there is a pillory
made of stone of about 5 m height with the inscription "1651". It replaced a wooden pillory that had been destroyed by the Swedes. The most obvious sight in the square though is the monument for Adalbert Stifter
who frequently used to visit Frymburk because of his lover Fanny Greipl.
Czech Republic
The Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest....
, near to Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
. It is located in the South Bohemian Region
South Bohemian Region
South Bohemian Region is an administrative unit of the Czech Republic, located mostly in the southern part of its historical land of Bohemia, with a small part in southwestern Moravia...
on a peninsula on the left bank of the Lipno reservoir
Lipno Dam
The Lipno Dam is a dam with hydroelectric plant constructed along the Vltava River in the Czech Republic.- History :Due to frequent flooding and subsequent damage, the Vltava River in Southern Bohemia had been problematic for the Český Krumlov and other settlements, through which it flowed...
. As of 2005 it counted 1,321 citizens.
History
Frymburk was first recorded in 1277. At first it belonged to the lord of Český KrumlovČeský Krumlov
Český Krumlov is a small city in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic, best known for the fine architecture and art of the historic old town and Český Krumlov Castle...
, from 1302 on it was property of the House of Rosenberg
House of Rosenberg
The Rosenberg family was the most significant and influential Bohemian noble family playing important role in Czech medieval history from 13th century till 1611...
(the current coat of arms is derived from the Rosenberg arms). In 1379 Frymburk was awarded market rights by the Rosenbergs. Back then it was situated at a trade route from Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
to Bohemia
Bohemia
Bohemia is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western two-thirds of the traditional Czech Lands. It is located in the contemporary Czech Republic with its capital in Prague...
and had now gained the right to charge a toll for the bridge across the river Vltava
Vltava
The Vltava is the longest river in the Czech Republic, running north from its source in Šumava through Český Krumlov, České Budějovice, and Prague, merging with the Elbe at Mělník...
, which made Frymburk an economically important place in the region. From the 16th century on, Frymburk had its own brewery after Wilhelm von Rosenberg had granted brewery rights. In the late 16th century Frymburk had already 118 houses. In the mid-17th century during the 30 Years War the town was destroyed and burnt down by Swedish troops under Arvid Wittenberg
Arvid Wittenberg
Arvid Wittenberg or Arvid Wirtenberg von Debern , Swedish count, field marshal and privy councillor. Born in Porvoo, Finland, died in prison in Zamość, Poland, 7 September 1657...
. In 1676 Frymburk changed its lord once more and now belonged to the House of Buquoy. Another disaster occurred in 1856 when a fire destroyed the town square and 54 houses. Even in the late 19th century the town was still of import for the region, as could be seen by the installation of streets lights as early as 1881 and the introduction of a telegraph station
Electrical telegraph
An electrical telegraph is a telegraph that uses electrical signals, usually conveyed via telecommunication lines or radio. The electromagnetic telegraph is a device for human-to-human transmission of coded text messages....
in 1884.
The most significant change at Frymburk occurred in 1959 when the Lipno dam was built and the reservoir was flooded, which submerged several buildings. Today Frymburk is mainly a resort town that is visited by scores of tourists each year. Attractions include the Šumava National Park
Šumava National Park
Šumava National Park is a National Park in the Plzeň and South Bohemian Regions of the Czech Republic along the border with Germany and Austria...
and the Lipno reservoir. Therefore many anglers, hikers and cyclists can be found here, as well as numerous ski tourists during the winter season.
Since 2007 Frymburk qualifies as a market town
Market town
Market town or market right is a legal term, originating in the medieval period, for a European settlement that has the right to host markets, distinguishing it from a village and city...
again.
Notable buildings
The most striking building in Frymburk is the church of St. Bartholomew. It was consecrated before 1277, the exact date is unknown. In 1530 it was re-built in a late GothicGothic art
Gothic art was a Medieval art movement that developed in France out of Romanesque art in the mid-12th century, led by the concurrent development of Gothic architecture. It spread to all of Western Europe, but took over art more completely north of the Alps, never quite effacing more classical...
style and had to be renovated from 1649 to 1652 due to the Swedish attack. Further works were carried out in 1735 and 1870. The interior is baroque
Baroque
The Baroque is a period and the style that used exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail to produce drama, tension, exuberance, and grandeur in sculpture, painting, literature, dance, and music...
.
Notable as well is Frymburk's central square which used to be the market square and was turned into a park after the great fire of 1856. Since the late 16th/early 17th century an artificial stream fed from the Podhorský stream flows right through the square. While the two streams were linked by a canal back then, the water is now led through a hose. In the square there is a well, which is presumed to date back to 1676 and is being fed from the stream. Furthermore there is a pillory
Pillory
The pillory was a device made of a wooden or metal framework erected on a post, with holes for securing the head and hands, formerly used for punishment by public humiliation and often further physical abuse, sometimes lethal...
made of stone of about 5 m height with the inscription "1651". It replaced a wooden pillory that had been destroyed by the Swedes. The most obvious sight in the square though is the monument for Adalbert Stifter
Adalbert Stifter
Adalbert Stifter was an Austrian writer, poet, painter, and pedagogue. He was especially notable for the vivid natural landscapes depicted in his writing, and has long been popular in the German-speaking world, while almost entirely unknown to English readers.-Life:Born in Oberplan in Bohemia , he...
who frequently used to visit Frymburk because of his lover Fanny Greipl.
Coat of arms
The arms of Frymburk display a five-petaled rose with a golden centre and green leaves, set on a silver shield. It was very likely derived from the Rosenberg arms.Municipal districts
The municipality comprises the villages of Blatná (Platten), Kovářov (Schmiedschlag) and Milná (Mühlneth) as well as the hamlets Moravice (Mörowitz), Náhlov (Nachles), Svatonina Lhota (Wadetschlag) and Vřesná (Haidberg).Notable residents
- Georg Bachmann (1613-1652), painter
- Johann Nepomuk Maxant (1755-1838), cantor and composer
- Simon SechterSimon SechterSimon Sechter was an Austrian music theorist, teacher, organist, conductor and composer.Sechter was born in Friedberg , Bohemia, then part of the Austrian Empire, and moved to Vienna in 1804, succeeding Jan Václav Voříšek as court organist there in 1824. In 1810 he began teaching piano and voice...
(1788-1867), composer - Andreas von Baumgartner (1793-1865), president of the Austrian Academy of SciencesAustrian Academy of SciencesThe Austrian Academy of Sciences is a legal entity under the special protection of the Federal Republic of Austria. According to the statutes of the Academy its mission is to promote the sciences and humanities in every respect and in every field, particularly in fundamental research...