Frank L. Schmidt
Encyclopedia
Frank L. Schmidt is an American
psychology
professor known for his work in personnel selection and employment testing. Schmidt is a researcher in the area of industrial and organizational psychology
with the most number of publications in the two major journals in the 1980s. In the 1990s he was the 4th most published researcher in Journal of Applied Psychology (JAP) and Personnel Psychology (PP), the two principal publications in the field of industrial-organizational psychology.
He is well known for his research on the development and application of validity generalization methods. These methods estimate the predictive validity of employment tests. This research has demonstrated that these validities generalize across organizations and job settings. Schmidt also developed psychometric meta-analysis
methods used in a wide variety of research areas. He also testifies as an expert witness
specializing in employment selection.
in Psychology from Bellarmine College in 1966, then attended Purdue University
to study industrial psychology, earning an M.S.
in 1968 and a Ph.D.
in 1970. From 1970 to 1973 he was Assistant Professor of Industrial Psychology, Michigan State University
, fall 1970 to spring 1973, earning tenure and serving as an Associate Professor until 1974. He was Research Professor of Industrial Psychology at George Washington University
from spring 1976 to fall 1985. During that time he was Visiting Professor, Australian Graduate School of Management
, Sydney, Australia, in 1982. Schmidt is currently the Gary C. Fethke Chair in Leadership, Department of Management and Organizations in the Tippie College of Business at the University of Iowa
, where he has taught since 1985.
He authored a textbook on Meta-Analysis with John E. Hunter
titled Methods of Meta-Analysis: Correcting Error and Bias in Research Findings.
In 1994 he was one of 52 signatories on "Mainstream Science on Intelligence
," an editorial written by Linda Gottfredson
and published in the Wall Street Journal.
He has served on the editorial boards of
Students have included Ken Pearlman, Mike A. McDaniel (Virginia Commonwealth University
), Ken Law (Chinese University of Hong Kong
), Deniz Ones (University of Minnesota
), Vish Viswesvaran (Florida International University
), Kevin Carlson (Virginia Tech), Huy Le (University of Nevada-Las Vegas), In-Sue Oh (Virginia Commonwealth University
), Jonathan Shaffer (West Texas A&M University
) and Ben Postlethwaite (Pepperdine University
).
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
psychology
Psychology
Psychology is the study of the mind and behavior. Its immediate goal is to understand individuals and groups by both establishing general principles and researching specific cases. For many, the ultimate goal of psychology is to benefit society...
professor known for his work in personnel selection and employment testing. Schmidt is a researcher in the area of industrial and organizational psychology
Industrial and organizational psychology
Industrial and organizational psychology is the scientific study of employees, workplaces, and organizations. Industrial and organizational psychologists contribute to an organization's success by improving the performance and well-being of its people...
with the most number of publications in the two major journals in the 1980s. In the 1990s he was the 4th most published researcher in Journal of Applied Psychology (JAP) and Personnel Psychology (PP), the two principal publications in the field of industrial-organizational psychology.
He is well known for his research on the development and application of validity generalization methods. These methods estimate the predictive validity of employment tests. This research has demonstrated that these validities generalize across organizations and job settings. Schmidt also developed psychometric meta-analysis
Meta-analysis
In statistics, a meta-analysis combines the results of several studies that address a set of related research hypotheses. In its simplest form, this is normally by identification of a common measure of effect size, for which a weighted average might be the output of a meta-analyses. Here the...
methods used in a wide variety of research areas. He also testifies as an expert witness
Expert witness
An expert witness, professional witness or judicial expert is a witness, who by virtue of education, training, skill, or experience, is believed to have expertise and specialised knowledge in a particular subject beyond that of the average person, sufficient that others may officially and legally...
specializing in employment selection.
Career
Schmidt earned his BABachelor of Arts
A Bachelor of Arts , from the Latin artium baccalaureus, is a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate course or program in either the liberal arts, the sciences, or both...
in Psychology from Bellarmine College in 1966, then attended Purdue University
Purdue University
Purdue University, located in West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S., is the flagship university of the six-campus Purdue University system. Purdue was founded on May 6, 1869, as a land-grant university when the Indiana General Assembly, taking advantage of the Morrill Act, accepted a donation of land and...
to study industrial psychology, earning an M.S.
Master of Science
A Master of Science is a postgraduate academic master's degree awarded by universities in many countries. The degree is typically studied for in the sciences including the social sciences.-Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay:...
in 1968 and a Ph.D.
Ph.D.
A Ph.D. is a Doctor of Philosophy, an academic degree.Ph.D. may also refer to:* Ph.D. , a 1980s British group*Piled Higher and Deeper, a web comic strip*PhD: Phantasy Degree, a Korean comic series* PhD Docbook renderer, an XML renderer...
in 1970. From 1970 to 1973 he was Assistant Professor of Industrial Psychology, Michigan State University
Michigan State University
Michigan State University is a public research university in East Lansing, Michigan, USA. Founded in 1855, it was the pioneer land-grant institution and served as a model for future land-grant colleges in the United States under the 1862 Morrill Act.MSU pioneered the studies of packaging,...
, fall 1970 to spring 1973, earning tenure and serving as an Associate Professor until 1974. He was Research Professor of Industrial Psychology at George Washington University
George Washington University
The George Washington University is a private, coeducational comprehensive university located in Washington, D.C. in the United States...
from spring 1976 to fall 1985. During that time he was Visiting Professor, Australian Graduate School of Management
Australian Graduate School of Management
The MBA program of the Australian School of Business is known as the AGSM MBA, based in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Founded as the Australian Graduate School of Management in 1977, the AGSM MBA is consistently ranked at the top of the national rankings and amongst one of the top MBA...
, Sydney, Australia, in 1982. Schmidt is currently the Gary C. Fethke Chair in Leadership, Department of Management and Organizations in the Tippie College of Business at the University of Iowa
University of Iowa
The University of Iowa is a public state-supported research university located in Iowa City, Iowa, United States. It is the oldest public university in the state. The university is organized into eleven colleges granting undergraduate, graduate, and professional degrees...
, where he has taught since 1985.
He authored a textbook on Meta-Analysis with John E. Hunter
John E. Hunter
John E. "Jack" Hunter was an American psychology professor known for his work in methodology. His best-known work is Methods of Meta-Analysis: Correcting Error and Bias in Research Findings. The American Communication Association named a research award in his honor.Hunter received his Ph.D...
titled Methods of Meta-Analysis: Correcting Error and Bias in Research Findings.
In 1994 he was one of 52 signatories on "Mainstream Science on Intelligence
Mainstream Science on Intelligence
Mainstream Science on Intelligence was a public statement issued by a group of academic researchers in fields allied to intelligence testing that claimed to present those findings widely accepted in the expert community...
," an editorial written by Linda Gottfredson
Linda Gottfredson
Linda Susanne Gottfredson is a professor of educational psychology at the University of Delaware and co-director of the Delaware-Johns Hopkins Project for the Study of Intelligence and Society. Gottfredson's work has been influential in shaping U.S...
and published in the Wall Street Journal.
Awards and recognition
- Elected Fellow of APA and Division 14, 1979; Fellow Div. 5, 1983.
- Elected President of Division 5 of the American Psychological Association. Division of Evaluation, Measurement and Statistics. Term: 1993-1994.
- Distinguished Scientific Contributions Award (with John Hunter) from the American Psychological Association, 1995.
- Distinguished Scientific Contributions Award (with John Hunter) from the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 1995.
- Heneman Distinguished Career Award for Research Contributions to Human Resources. Academy of Management, Human Resources Division, 1995.
- Distinguished Career Achievement Award for Contributions to Research Methods, Academy of Management, Research Methods Division, 2002.
- Outstanding Publication in Organizational Behavior for 2002. Awarded by Academy of Management, Organizational Behavior Division, 2003.
- Co-recipient (along with Marc Orlitzky and Sara Rynes) of the 2004 Moskowitz Prize for the best quantitative study on investment and social responsibility. (This is an award in the area of Finance.)
- Recipient of the Michael Losey Human Resource Award, 2005. From the Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM). $50,000 Award.
- Recipient of the Career Achievement Award, 2006. From the Association of Test Publishers (ATP).
- Recipient of James McKeen Cattell Award for Scientific Contributions to Applied Psychology. 2007. From the Association for Psychological Science.
He has served on the editorial boards of
- Psychological Methods (2004 to present)
- Journal of Applied PsychologyJournal of Applied PsychologyThe Journal of Applied Psychology is a publication of the APA.It has a high impact factor for its field. It typically publishes high quality empirical papers.- External links :*...
(1974–2002) - Human Resource Management Review (6/91 to present)
- Quantitative Series in the Social Sciences (Sage), (1994 to present)
- International Journal of Selection and Assessment (2001 to present)
- Organizational Behavior and Human Performance (8/74 to 4/84)
- Academy of Management JournalAcademy of Management JournalThe Academy of Management Journal a is peer-reviewed academic journal on management. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal's 2009 impact factor is 6.483, ranking it second in the categories "Management" and "Business" .- External links :*...
(9/75 to 4/77) - Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology (1973–1975)
Students have included Ken Pearlman, Mike A. McDaniel (Virginia Commonwealth University
Virginia Commonwealth University
Virginia Commonwealth University is a public university located in Richmond, Virginia. It comprises two campuses in the Downtown Richmond area, the product of a merger between the Richmond Professional Institute and the Medical College of Virginia in 1968...
), Ken Law (Chinese University of Hong Kong
Chinese University of Hong Kong
The Chinese University of Hong Kong is a research-led university in Hong Kong.CUHK is the only tertiary education institution in Hong Kong with Nobel Prize winners on its faculty, including Chen Ning Yang, James Mirrlees, Robert Alexander Mundell and Charles K. Kao...
), Deniz Ones (University of Minnesota
University of Minnesota
The University of Minnesota, Twin Cities is a public research university located in Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota, United States. It is the oldest and largest part of the University of Minnesota system and has the fourth-largest main campus student body in the United States, with 52,557...
), Vish Viswesvaran (Florida International University
Florida International University
Florida International University is an American public research university in metropolitan Miami, Florida, in the United States, with its main campus in University Park...
), Kevin Carlson (Virginia Tech), Huy Le (University of Nevada-Las Vegas), In-Sue Oh (Virginia Commonwealth University
Virginia Commonwealth University
Virginia Commonwealth University is a public university located in Richmond, Virginia. It comprises two campuses in the Downtown Richmond area, the product of a merger between the Richmond Professional Institute and the Medical College of Virginia in 1968...
), Jonathan Shaffer (West Texas A&M University
West Texas A&M University
West Texas A&M University , part of the Texas A&M University System, is a public university located in Canyon, Texas, a small city south of Amarillo. West Texas A&M opened on September 20, 1910...
) and Ben Postlethwaite (Pepperdine University
Pepperdine University
Pepperdine University is an independent, private, medium-sized university affiliated with the Churches of Christ. The university's campus overlooking the Pacific Ocean in unincorporated Los Angeles County, California, United States, near Malibu, is the location for Seaver College, the School of...
).
Selected bibliography
He (co)authored about 200 research papers in journals and presented at the academic conferences about 300 times. His work has been cited more than 8,000 times as of 2006. He is still active in teaching and research.- Schmidt, FL, & Hunter, JE. Development of a general solution to the problem of validity generalization. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1977
- Schmidt, FL Statistical significance testing and cumulative knowledge in psychology: Implications for training. (PDF) Psychological Methods, 1996.
- Schmidt, FL., Oh, I.-S., & Hayes, T. http://www.biz.uiowa.edu/faculty/fschmidt/Abstract_FE_RE_10_07.pdf Fixed versus random effects models in meta-analysis: Model properties and an empirical comparison of differences in results. (PDF) British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 2009.