Festival of Thrillers
Encyclopedia
Festival of Thrillers was a horror film
television program
that ran late at night on weekends on WNBC-TV
(Channel 4) in New York City
from 1965 to 1968. Throughout its run, it aired directly after weekend rerun
s of The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson
. The program's base list consisted of the classic 1930s and 1940s Universal Horror
films, and a few later 1950s horror titles from other studios.
was the first, in 1957, under the Shock Theater
banner, and WOR-TV
had its first stint running the films in the early 1960s on its Supernatural Theatre. This was WNBC-TV's effort to compete with not only WOR-TV's Supernatural Theatre, but also WPIX
's Chiller Theatre.
Festival of Thrillers was launched on May 1, 1965, with a showing of Frankenstein
(1931). Its debut was heralded by a full-page ad in TV Guide
, with the image of the Frankenstein monster against a black background. Also, Johnny Carson
frequently did promos
for the series throughout its run. The show has well-promoted, with full-page TV Guide ads for The Mummy
("Attention Archeologists, Demonologists and their Apologists! THE MUMMY - 1:00 AM") and The Black Cat
.
In its early months, the core group of films consisted of seventeen Universal Horror titles (all from the original 1957 Shock! package), one low-budget British
science fiction
release, and four films of varying vintage as released or distributed by MGM
, as follows:
By the end of 1965, WNBC-TV acquired thirteen more titles (some extra Universal Horror films and a few originally released by Columbia Pictures
, all culled from the 1958 Son of Shock
supplementary package), after WOR-TV's rights to those movies had expired. The titles that went to WNBC were as follows:
Some of these titles were also shown on Movie 4
over the three years Festival of Thrillers was on the air.
In only a small number of cases did Festival of Thrillers deviate from its playlist of 35 horror movies. In 1967, two horror films released by Hammer Film Productions
, The Curse of the Werewolf
and The Brides of Dracula, had their first New York TV showings on the program; a few weeks later, the 1955 version of Svengali (starring Hildegard Knef
) was presented under the Festival of Thrillers umbrella. Near the end of its 1968 run, a 1961 Hammer release, Shadow of the Cat
, was aired.
of Festival of Thrillers was shot on 16 mm film
, and consisted of a motion-control photo montage of stills from the classic Universal Horror films, with the final shot being a scene from The Invisible Man Returns
zooming in to the startled face of a policeman seeing the Invisible One standing in a doorway. The musical background was a simple piece of library music: an oboe played a fifth interval, and then repeated it stepping down five tones on the scale, followed by an excited flute figure as the afore-mentioned policeman's close-up hit. The bumper
consisted of a shot of The Mummy from The Mummy's Hand
carrying an unconscious lady, only with The Mummy's head replaced with that of Boris Karloff
's Frankenstein. There was no host. Other viewers recall the teleop slide used as an image of Tom Tyler carrying Peggy Moran from The Mummy's Hand
, without the replaced Karloff head, and with the Festival of Thrillers title displayed on the right.
According to contemporary TV listings in The New York Times
, the last edition of Festival of Thrillers, a repeat of Before I Hang
, was shown on July 6, 1968. Starting on July 13, 1968, the Saturday night Carson rerun was followed by another edition of WNBC's late-night movie umbrella, The Great Great Show; however, for its first two months Universal Horror titles continued to be shown in that time slot, until the station's rights to the films expired in or around late August of 1968.
, where they formed the basis for the early years of Creature Features
. Then in 1971, the rights to these classics reverted back to WOR-TV, where they were initially shown on the daytime Thriller Theater
and the early weekend Chiller Thriller
before being run frequently in the early years of Fright Night. After WOR-TV's second run with these films ended, they bounced back and forth between WNEW-TV and public television
station WNET
by the 1980s.
As for the Hammer films, many remained a part of WNBC's film library through the early 1970s.
Horror film
Horror films seek to elicit a negative emotional reaction from viewers by playing on the audience's most primal fears. They often feature scenes that startle the viewer through the means of macabre and the supernatural, thus frequently overlapping with the fantasy and science fiction genres...
television program
Television program
A television program , also called television show, is a segment of content which is intended to be broadcast on television. It may be a one-time production or part of a periodically recurring series...
that ran late at night on weekends on WNBC-TV
WNBC
WNBC, virtual channel 4 , is the flagship station of the NBC television network, located in New York City. WNBC's studios are co-located with NBC corporate headquarters at 30 Rockefeller Plaza in midtown Manhattan...
(Channel 4) in New York City
New York City
New York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. New York exerts a significant impact upon global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and...
from 1965 to 1968. Throughout its run, it aired directly after weekend rerun
Rerun
A rerun or repeat is a re-airing of an episode of a radio or television broadcast. The invention of the rerun is generally credited to Desi Arnaz. There are two types of reruns—those that occur during a hiatus, and those that occur when a program is syndicated. Reruns can also be, as the...
s of The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson
The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson
The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson is a talk show hosted by Johnny Carson under the Tonight Show franchise from 1962 to 1992. It originally aired during late-night....
. The program's base list consisted of the classic 1930s and 1940s Universal Horror
Universal Monsters
Universal Monsters or Universal Horror is the name given to a series of distinctive horror, suspense and science fiction films made by Universal Studios from 1923 to 1960...
films, and a few later 1950s horror titles from other studios.
Background and history
WNBC-TV was the third station in the New York area to run the Universal Horror movies. WABC-TVWABC-TV
WABC-TV, channel 7, is the flagship station of the Disney-owned American Broadcasting Company located in New York City. The station's studios and offices are located on the Upper West Side section of Manhattan, adjacent to ABC's corporate headquarters, and its transmitter is atop the Empire State...
was the first, in 1957, under the Shock Theater
Shock Theater
Shock Theater was a package of 52 classic horror films from Universal Studios released for television showings in October 1957 by Screen Gems, the television subsidiary of Columbia Pictures. The Shock Theater package included Dracula, Frankenstein, The Mummy, The Invisible Man and the The Wolf Man...
banner, and WOR-TV
WWOR-TV
WWOR-TV, virtual channel 9 , is the flagship station of the MyNetworkTV programming service, licensed to Secaucus, New Jersey and serving the Tri-State metropolitan area. WWOR is owned by Fox Television Stations, a division of the News Corporation, and is a sister station to Fox network flagship...
had its first stint running the films in the early 1960s on its Supernatural Theatre. This was WNBC-TV's effort to compete with not only WOR-TV's Supernatural Theatre, but also WPIX
WPIX
WPIX, channel 11, is a television station in New York City built, signed on, and owned by the Tribune Company. WPIX also serves as the flagship station of The CW Television Network...
's Chiller Theatre.
Festival of Thrillers was launched on May 1, 1965, with a showing of Frankenstein
Frankenstein (1931 film)
Frankenstein is a 1931 Pre-Code Horror Monster film from Universal Pictures directed by James Whale and adapted from the play by Peggy Webling which in turn is based on the novel of the same name by Mary Shelley. The film stars Colin Clive, Mae Clarke, John Boles and Boris Karloff, and features...
(1931). Its debut was heralded by a full-page ad in TV Guide
TV Guide
TV Guide is a weekly American magazine with listings of TV shows.In addition to TV listings, the publication features television-related news, celebrity interviews, gossip and film reviews and crossword puzzles...
, with the image of the Frankenstein monster against a black background. Also, Johnny Carson
Johnny Carson
John William "Johnny" Carson was an American television host and comedian, known as host of The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson for 30 years . Carson received six Emmy Awards including the Governor Award and a 1985 Peabody Award; he was inducted into the Television Academy Hall of Fame in 1987...
frequently did promos
Promotion (marketing)
Promotion is one of the four elements of marketing mix . It is the communication link between sellers and buyers for the purpose of influencing, informing, or persuading a potential buyer's purchasing decision....
for the series throughout its run. The show has well-promoted, with full-page TV Guide ads for The Mummy
The Mummy (1932 film)
The Mummy is a 1932 horror film from Universal Studios directed by Karl Freund and starring Boris Karloff as a revived ancient Egyptian priest. The movie also features Zita Johann, David Manners and Edward Van Sloan...
("Attention Archeologists, Demonologists and their Apologists! THE MUMMY - 1:00 AM") and The Black Cat
The Black Cat (1934 film)
The Black Cat is a 1934 horror film that became Universal Pictures' biggest box office hit of the year. It was the first of eight movies to pair actors Béla Lugosi and Boris Karloff. Edgar G. Ulmer directed the film; Peter Ruric wrote the screenplay...
.
In its early months, the core group of films consisted of seventeen Universal Horror titles (all from the original 1957 Shock! package), one low-budget British
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
science fiction
Science fiction film
Science fiction film is a film genre that uses science fiction: speculative, science-based depictions of phenomena that are not necessarily accepted by mainstream science, such as extraterrestrial life forms, alien worlds, extrasensory perception, and time travel, often along with futuristic...
release, and four films of varying vintage as released or distributed by MGM
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc. is an American media company, involved primarily in the production and distribution of films and television programs. MGM was founded in 1924 when the entertainment entrepreneur Marcus Loew gained control of Metro Pictures, Goldwyn Pictures Corporation and Louis B. Mayer...
, as follows:
- FrankensteinFrankenstein (1931 film)Frankenstein is a 1931 Pre-Code Horror Monster film from Universal Pictures directed by James Whale and adapted from the play by Peggy Webling which in turn is based on the novel of the same name by Mary Shelley. The film stars Colin Clive, Mae Clarke, John Boles and Boris Karloff, and features...
(1931) - DraculaDracula (1931 film)Dracula is a 1931 vampire-horror film directed by Tod Browning and starring Bela Lugosi as the title character. The film was produced by Universal and is based on the stage play of the same name by Hamilton Deane and John L...
(1931) - The Invisible Man (1933)
- The Black CatThe Black Cat (1934 film)The Black Cat is a 1934 horror film that became Universal Pictures' biggest box office hit of the year. It was the first of eight movies to pair actors Béla Lugosi and Boris Karloff. Edgar G. Ulmer directed the film; Peter Ruric wrote the screenplay...
(1934) - The MummyThe Mummy (1932 film)The Mummy is a 1932 horror film from Universal Studios directed by Karl Freund and starring Boris Karloff as a revived ancient Egyptian priest. The movie also features Zita Johann, David Manners and Edward Van Sloan...
(1932) - Werewolf of LondonWerewolf of LondonWerewolf of London is a 1935 Horror/werewolf movie starring Henry Hull and produced by Universal Pictures. Jack Pierce's eerie werewolf make-up was simpler than his version six years later for Lon Chaney, Jr., in The Wolf Man but, according to film historians, remains strikingly effective as worn...
- The Invisible Man ReturnsThe Invisible Man ReturnsThe Invisible Man Returns is a 1940 horror science fiction film from Universal. It was written as a sequel to the 1933 film The Invisible Man, which was based on the novel The Invisible Man by H. G. Wells. The studio had signed a multi-picture contract with Wells, and they were hoping that this...
- Dracula's DaughterDracula's DaughterDracula's Daughter is a 1936 American vampire horror film produced by Universal Studios, a sequel to the 1931 film Dracula. Directed by Lambert Hillyer from a screenplay by Garrett Fort, the film stars Otto Kruger, Gloria Holden, Marguerite Churchill and, as the only cast member to return from the...
- The Mummy's HandThe Mummy's HandThe Mummy's Hand is a black-and-white horror film, produced by Ben Pivar for Universal Studios. Although it is sometimes claimed by fans as a sequel or follow-up to the 1932 film The Mummy, it does not continue the 1932 film's storyline, or feature any of the same characters, and its plot...
- NightmareNightmare (1942 film)Nightmare is a 1942 film starring Diana Barrymore and Brian Donlevy. Diana Barrymore plays Leslie Stafford, a secretary who seeks the help of a home invader to dispose of the body of her murdered husband....
- Son of FrankensteinSon of FrankensteinSon of Frankenstein is the third film in Universal Studios' Frankenstein series and the last to feature Boris Karloff as the Monster as well as the first to feature Béla Lugosi as Ygor. It is a sequel to Bride of Frankenstein....
- The Wolf Man
- Night MonsterNight MonsterNight Monster is a 1942 American black-and-white horror film featuring Bela Lugosi and produced and distributed by Universal Pictures Company. The movie uses an original story and screenplay by Clarence Upson Young and was produced and directed by Ford Beebe...
- Son of DraculaSon of Dracula (1943 film)Son of Dracula is a 1943 American horror film directed by Robert Siodmak - his first film for Universal studios - with a screenplay based on an original story by his brother Curt. The film stars Lon Chaney, Jr. and his frequent co-star Evelyn Ankers. Notably it is the first film where a vampire...
- Frankenstein Meets the Wolf ManFrankenstein Meets the Wolf ManFrankenstein Meets the Wolf Man, released in 1943, is an American monster horror film produced by Universal Studios starring Lon Chaney, Jr. as the Wolf Man and Bela Lugosi as Frankenstein's monster. This was the first of a series of "ensemble" monster films combining characters from several film...
- The Strange Case of Doctor Rx (1942)
- The Invisible Ray
- Fire Maidens of Outer SpaceFire Maidens from Outer SpaceFire Maidens from Outer Space , released in the USA as Fire Maidens of Outer Space, is a 78-minute black-and-white science fiction feature film...
- Mad LoveMad Love (1935 film)Mad Love is a 1935 American horror film adaptation of Maurice Renard's story The Hands of Orlac. Directed by German-émigré film maker Karl Freund, the film stars Peter Lorre as Dr. Gogol, Frances Drake as Yvonne Orlac and Colin Clive as Stephen Orlac. The plot revolves around Doctor Gogol's...
- Fiend Without a FaceFiend Without a FaceFiend Without a Face is a 1958 British black-and-white science fiction film directed by Arthur Crabtree. It tells the story of mysterious deaths at the hands of an invisible life-form that steals human brains and spinal columns...
- The Haunted StranglerThe Haunted StranglerThe Haunted Strangler is a 1958 British horror film directed by Robert Day. It was adapted from "Stranglehold", a story which screenwriter Jan Read had written specially for Boris Karloff, and was shot back to back with producer Richard Gordon's Fiend Without a Face, with both later being...
- First Man into SpaceFirst Man into SpaceFirst Man into Space is a 1959 science fiction horror film directed by Robert Day and distributed by Amalgamated films.- Plot :...
By the end of 1965, WNBC-TV acquired thirteen more titles (some extra Universal Horror films and a few originally released by Columbia Pictures
Columbia Pictures
Columbia Pictures Industries, Inc. is an American film production and distribution company. Columbia Pictures now forms part of the Columbia TriStar Motion Picture Group, owned by Sony Pictures Entertainment, a subsidiary of the Japanese conglomerate Sony. It is one of the leading film companies...
, all culled from the 1958 Son of Shock
Horror host
Horror hosts are a particular type of television presenter, often tasked with presenting low-grade films to television audiences. This tradition is primarily American, though there have been a few international hosts over the years.-Film Packages:...
supplementary package), after WOR-TV's rights to those movies had expired. The titles that went to WNBC were as follows:
- The Black RoomThe Black Room (1935 film)The Black Room is a 1935 mystery-horror film, directed by Roy William Neill. The movie stars Boris Karloff in a dual role as twin brothers. The film also starred Marian Marsh and Robert Allen...
- Behind the Mask (1932)
- The Face Behind the Mask
- Black FridayBlack Friday (1940 film)Black Friday is a 1940 American science fiction film starring Boris Karloff. Béla Lugosi, although second-billed, has only a small part in the film and does not appear with Karloff....
- The Man Who Lived Twice (1936)
- The Man They Could Not HangThe Man They Could Not HangThe Man They Could Not Hang is a low-budget horror film produced by Columbia Pictures. It was directed by Nick Grinde and starred Boris Karloff as Dr. Henryk Savaard....
- The Man with Nine LivesThe Man with Nine Lives (film)The Man with Nine Lives is a 1940 mystery film directed by Nick Grinde and starring Boris Karloff.-Cast:* Boris Karloff - Dr. Leon Kravaal* Roger Pryor - Dr. Tim Mason* Jo Ann Sayers - Judith Blair* Stanley Brown - Bob Adams...
- Before I HangBefore I HangBefore I Hang is a 1940 American science fiction, horror film released by Columbia Pictures, starring Boris Karloff. The film was directed by Nick Grinde , and was one of several films Karloff starred in contract with Columbia.-Plot:Dr...
(1940) - Bride of FrankensteinBride of FrankensteinBride of Frankenstein is a 1935 American horror film, the first sequel to Frankenstein...
- The Ghost of FrankensteinThe Ghost of FrankensteinThe Ghost of Frankenstein, is an American monster horror film released in 1942. The movie is the fourth in a series of films produced by Universal Studios based upon characters in Mary Shelley's novel Frankenstein and features Lon Chaney, Jr...
- House of FrankensteinHouse of Frankenstein (1944 film)House of Frankenstein is an American monster horror film produced in 1944 by Universal Studios as a sequel to Frankenstein Meets the Wolf Man the previous year. This monster rally approach would continue in the following film, House of Dracula, as well as the 1948 comedy Abbott and Costello Meet...
- House of DraculaHouse of DraculaHouse of Dracula was an American horror film released by Universal Pictures Company in 1945. It was a direct sequel to House of Frankenstein and continued the theme of combining Universal's three most popular monsters: Frankenstein's monster, Count Dracula and The Wolf Man...
- The Invisible Man's RevengeThe Invisible Man's RevengeThe Invisible Man's Revenge is a 1944 horror film directed by Ford Beebe and written by Bertram Millhauser. It stars John Carradine as a mad scientist who tests his experiment on Jon Hall....
Some of these titles were also shown on Movie 4
Movie 4
Movie 4 was a television program that aired at various times, but predominantly weekday afternoons, on WNBC-TV in New York City from 1956 to 1974. The program aired top-rank first-run movies and other future classics from Hollywood, as well as foreign films...
over the three years Festival of Thrillers was on the air.
In only a small number of cases did Festival of Thrillers deviate from its playlist of 35 horror movies. In 1967, two horror films released by Hammer Film Productions
Hammer Film Productions
Hammer Film Productions is a film production company based in the United Kingdom. Founded in 1934, the company is best known for a series of Gothic "Hammer Horror" films made from the mid-1950s until the 1970s. Hammer also produced science fiction, thrillers, film noir and comedies and in later...
, The Curse of the Werewolf
The Curse of the Werewolf
The Curse of the Werewolf is a British film based on the novel The Werewolf of Paris by Guy Endore. The film was made by the British film studio Hammer Film Productions and was shot at Bray Studios.-Plot:...
and The Brides of Dracula, had their first New York TV showings on the program; a few weeks later, the 1955 version of Svengali (starring Hildegard Knef
Hildegard Knef
Hildegard Frieda Albertine Knef was a German actress, singer and writer. She was billed in some English language films as Hildegard Neff or Hildegarde Neff.-Early years:...
) was presented under the Festival of Thrillers umbrella. Near the end of its 1968 run, a 1961 Hammer release, Shadow of the Cat
Shadow of the Cat
Shadow of the Cat is a 1961 British horror film directed by John Gilling for Hammer Film Productions. It stars André Morell and Barbara Shelley...
, was aired.
Opening title and bumpers
The openingOpening credits
In a motion picture, television program, or video game, the opening credits are shown at the very beginning and list the most important members of the production. They are now usually shown as text superimposed on a blank screen or static pictures, or sometimes on top of action in the show. There...
of Festival of Thrillers was shot on 16 mm film
16 mm film
16 mm film refers to a popular, economical gauge of film used for motion pictures and non-theatrical film making. 16 mm refers to the width of the film...
, and consisted of a motion-control photo montage of stills from the classic Universal Horror films, with the final shot being a scene from The Invisible Man Returns
The Invisible Man Returns
The Invisible Man Returns is a 1940 horror science fiction film from Universal. It was written as a sequel to the 1933 film The Invisible Man, which was based on the novel The Invisible Man by H. G. Wells. The studio had signed a multi-picture contract with Wells, and they were hoping that this...
zooming in to the startled face of a policeman seeing the Invisible One standing in a doorway. The musical background was a simple piece of library music: an oboe played a fifth interval, and then repeated it stepping down five tones on the scale, followed by an excited flute figure as the afore-mentioned policeman's close-up hit. The bumper
Commercial bumper
In broadcasting, a commercial bumper, ident bumper or break-bumper is a brief announcement, usually two to 15 seconds that can contain a voice over, placed between a pause in the program and its commercial break, and vice versa...
consisted of a shot of The Mummy from The Mummy's Hand
The Mummy's Hand
The Mummy's Hand is a black-and-white horror film, produced by Ben Pivar for Universal Studios. Although it is sometimes claimed by fans as a sequel or follow-up to the 1932 film The Mummy, it does not continue the 1932 film's storyline, or feature any of the same characters, and its plot...
carrying an unconscious lady, only with The Mummy's head replaced with that of Boris Karloff
Boris Karloff
William Henry Pratt , better known by his stage name Boris Karloff, was an English actor.Karloff is best remembered for his roles in horror films and his portrayal of Frankenstein's monster in Frankenstein , Bride of Frankenstein , and Son of Frankenstein...
's Frankenstein. There was no host. Other viewers recall the teleop slide used as an image of Tom Tyler carrying Peggy Moran from The Mummy's Hand
The Mummy's Hand
The Mummy's Hand is a black-and-white horror film, produced by Ben Pivar for Universal Studios. Although it is sometimes claimed by fans as a sequel or follow-up to the 1932 film The Mummy, it does not continue the 1932 film's storyline, or feature any of the same characters, and its plot...
, without the replaced Karloff head, and with the Festival of Thrillers title displayed on the right.
Schedule and final years
In its first sixteen months on the air, Festival of Thrillers followed Carson repeats on Saturday nights at 1:00 A.M. Starting on September 11, 1966, Carson and Festival of Thrillers were moved to Sunday nights at the same respective starting times, and a new movie series, Saturday Film Festival, premiered on September 17, 1966. After eleven months on Sundays, Festival of Thrillers was moved back to Saturdays starting on August 26, 1967.According to contemporary TV listings in The New York Times
The New York Times
The New York Times is an American daily newspaper founded and continuously published in New York City since 1851. The New York Times has won 106 Pulitzer Prizes, the most of any news organization...
, the last edition of Festival of Thrillers, a repeat of Before I Hang
Before I Hang
Before I Hang is a 1940 American science fiction, horror film released by Columbia Pictures, starring Boris Karloff. The film was directed by Nick Grinde , and was one of several films Karloff starred in contract with Columbia.-Plot:Dr...
, was shown on July 6, 1968. Starting on July 13, 1968, the Saturday night Carson rerun was followed by another edition of WNBC's late-night movie umbrella, The Great Great Show; however, for its first two months Universal Horror titles continued to be shown in that time slot, until the station's rights to the films expired in or around late August of 1968.
Aftermath
The Universal Horror movies did not fade from New York TV after the end of Festival of Thrillers. By 1969, they turned up on WNEW-TVWNYW
WNYW, virtual channel 5 , is the flagship television station of the News Corporation-owned Fox Broadcasting Company, located in New York City. The station's transmitter is atop the Empire State Building and its studio facilities are located in the Yorkville section of Manhattan...
, where they formed the basis for the early years of Creature Features
Creature Features (WNEW)
Creature Features a classic horror film show broadcast in the New York Metropolitan Area, on WNEW, Channel 5 . It was hosted by Lou Steele , who became familiar to Channel 5 viewers as the guy who started off the 10 o'clock News by asking: "It's 10 p.m.; do you know where your children...
. Then in 1971, the rights to these classics reverted back to WOR-TV, where they were initially shown on the daytime Thriller Theater
Thriller Theater
Thriller Theater was a kid-friendly horror venue that aired on New York City television station WOR-TV from 1971 to 1972.It aired on weekday afternoons from 4:30 PM to 6 PM and had a film library consisting mainly of classic movies from the Universal and RKO vaults .The opening of the program...
and the early weekend Chiller Thriller
Chiller Thriller
Chiller Thriller was a kid-friendly horror showcase that aired on New York City television station WOR-TV on Saturday mornings as early as 1974 and as late as 1977....
before being run frequently in the early years of Fright Night. After WOR-TV's second run with these films ended, they bounced back and forth between WNEW-TV and public television
Public broadcasting
Public broadcasting includes radio, television and other electronic media outlets whose primary mission is public service. Public broadcasters receive funding from diverse sources including license fees, individual contributions, public financing and commercial financing.Public broadcasting may be...
station WNET
WNET
WNET, channel 13 is a non-commercial educational public television station licensed to Newark, New Jersey. With its signal covering the New York metropolitan area, WNET is a primary station of the Public Broadcasting Service and a primary provider of PBS programming...
by the 1980s.
As for the Hammer films, many remained a part of WNBC's film library through the early 1970s.