Ferrotitanium
Encyclopedia
Ferrotitanium is a ferroalloy
Ferroalloy
Ferroalloy refers to various alloys of iron with a high proportion of one or more other element, manganese or silicon for example. It is used in the production of steels and alloys as a raw material.The main ferroalloys are:*FeAl – ferroaluminum...

, an alloy of iron
Iron
Iron is a chemical element with the symbol Fe and atomic number 26. It is a metal in the first transition series. It is the most common element forming the planet Earth as a whole, forming much of Earth's outer and inner core. It is the fourth most common element in the Earth's crust...

 and titanium
Titanium
Titanium is a chemical element with the symbol Ti and atomic number 22. It has a low density and is a strong, lustrous, corrosion-resistant transition metal with a silver color....

 with between 10-20..45-75 % titanium and sometimes a small amount of carbon. It is used in steelmaking
Steelmaking
Steelmaking is the second step in producing steel from iron ore. In this stage, impurities such as sulfur, phosphorus, and excess carbon are removed from the raw iron, and alloying elements such as manganese, nickel, chromium and vanadium are added to produce the exact steel required.-Older...

 as a cleansing agent for iron and steel; the titanium is highly reactive with sulfur, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen, forming insoluble compounds and sequestering them in slag
Slag
Slag is a partially vitreous by-product of smelting ore to separate the metal fraction from the unwanted fraction. It can usually be considered to be a mixture of metal oxides and silicon dioxide. However, slags can contain metal sulfides and metal atoms in the elemental form...

, and is therefore used for deoxidizing, and sometimes for desulfurization and denitrification
Denitrification
Denitrification is a microbially facilitated process of nitrate reduction that may ultimately produce molecular nitrogen through a series of intermediate gaseous nitrogen oxide products....

. In steelmaking the addition of titanium yields metal with finer grain structure.
ilmenite-100% 600 kg
aluminium powder-52% 312 kg
fe-32% 192 kg
burnt lime-13% 78 kg

CHEMICAL ANALYSIS (TYPICAL) %
TiO2 79.3 %
SiO2 2.2 %
ZrO2 0.25 %
FeO 1.3 %
Fe2O3 12.10 %


EXPECTED VARIATIONS:
TiO2 75.0 - 82.0 %
SiO2 1.0 - 2.5 %
ZrO2 0.2 - 0.3 %
FeO 1.2 - 1.5 %
Fe2O3 9.0 - 15.0 %
SIEVE ANALYSIS :
SIEVE OPENING MICRONS WEIGHT % AGE RETAINED
+ 300 Trace
+ 250 1.9 %
+ 180 25.2 %
+ 150 34.0 %
+ 125 13.4 %
+ 106 21.9 %
- 106 3.6 %
----
ti-100 kg
alu-52 kg
lime-12 kg
php-2 kg
fe-38
n-4
ANALYSIS is ti34,alu-8,c-1,si-3,n-0.03,

re-70to80
Ferrotitanium powder can be also used as a fuel in some pyrotechnic composition
Pyrotechnic composition
A pyrotechnic composition is a substance or mixture of substances designed to produce an effect by heat, light, sound, gas or smoke or a combination of these, as a result of non-detonative self-sustaining exothermic chemical reactions...

s.

Ferrotitanium can be manufactured by mixing titanium sponge and scrap with iron and melting them together in an induction furnace
Induction furnace
An induction furnace is an electrical furnace in which the heat is applied by induction heating of metal. The advantage of the induction furnace is a clean, energy-efficient and well-controllable melting process compared to most other means of metal melting...

.

Manganese alloyed ferrotitanium is investigated as a material for hydrogen storage
Hydrogen storage
Hydrogen storage describes the methods for storing H2 for subsequent use. The methods span many approaches, including high pressures, cryogenics, and chemical compounds that reversibly release H2 upon heating...

. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1978aes.....8.3739J

External links

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